導(dǎo)語:
最近幾天在做一個關(guān)于藍(lán)牙與血壓計和血氧儀交互方面的東西，剛開始使用的是babybluetooth(但封裝的內(nèi)容我不會使用巷帝，于是就自己寫了一個工具類)络拌。在此帶來一些關(guān)于藍(lán)牙開發(fā)的分享。
1.藍(lán)牙基礎(chǔ)知識
CoreBluetooth框架的核心是peripheral(外設(shè))和central(中心)蜓斧，發(fā)起連接的是 central盲镶，被連接的設(shè)備為 peripheral侥袜。在移動端開發(fā)中蝌诡，我們通常使用的是中心模式溉贿。
2.中心模式的流程
- 建立中心
- 掃描外設(shè)（discover）
- 連接外設(shè)(connect)
- 掃描外設(shè)中的服務(wù)和特征(discover)
- 4.1 獲取外設(shè)的 services
- 4.2 獲取外設(shè)的 Characteristics,獲取Characteristics的值，獲 Characteristics的 Descriptor 和 Descriptor 的值
- 與外設(shè)做數(shù)據(jù)交互(explore and interact)
- 訂閱 Characteristic 的通知
- 斷開連接(disconnect)
3.具體實現(xiàn)代碼
創(chuàng)建中心管理者
#import <CoreBluetooth/CoreBluetooth.h>
typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger,BDBlueToothType){
BDBlueToothType_Oximeter = 1,//血氧儀
BDBlueToothType_Hamnatodynamometer //血壓計
};
//藍(lán)牙搜索到的設(shè)備數(shù)組
typedef void(^PeripheralBlock)(NSMutableArray *);
//讀到的數(shù)據(jù)
typedef void(^ReadValueBlock)(NSString *);
@interface BDBlueToothHelper : NSObject<CBCentralManagerDelegate, CBPeripheralDelegate>
//外設(shè)
@property(nonatomic, strong) CBPeripheral* myPeripheral;
//中心管理工具
@property (nonatomic, strong) CBCentralManager* myCentralManager;
初始化開始掃描
self.myCentralManager = [[CBCentralManager alloc]initWithDelegate:self queue:nil options:nil];
必須實現(xiàn)的代理方法
//查看藍(lán)牙服務(wù)
- (void)centralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBCentralManager *)central{
switch (central.state) {
case CBCentralManagerStatePoweredOn:
BDLog(@"藍(lán)牙已打開, 請掃描外設(shè)!");
//搜索外設(shè)
[self.myCentralManager scanForPeripheralsWithServices:nil options:@{CBCentralManagerOptionShowPowerAlertKey:@YES}];
break;
case CBCentralManagerStatePoweredOff:
BDLog(@"藍(lán)牙關(guān)閉...");
break;
default:
break;
}
}
#pragma mark 搜索到設(shè)備之后會調(diào)用代理方法
- (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central // 中心管理者
didDiscoverPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral // 外設(shè)
advertisementData:(NSDictionary *)advertisementData // 外設(shè)攜帶的數(shù)據(jù)
RSSI:(NSNumber *)RSSI{ // 外設(shè)發(fā)出的藍(lán)牙信號強度
BDLog(@"已發(fā)現(xiàn) peripheral: %@ rssi: %@, name: %@ advertisementData: %@", peripheral, RSSI, peripheral.name, advertisementData);
//這里可以做一些過濾操作
if ([_myPeripherals containsObject:peripheral]) {
}else
{
//找到的設(shè)備必須持有它浦旱，否則CBCentralManager中也不會保存peripheral
[_myPeripherals addObject:peripheral];
}
//將搜索的設(shè)備回調(diào)給控制器的tableview使用宇色，刷新表格
if (self.perlists) {
self.perlists(_myPeripherals);
}
}
建立連接
//self.myPeripheral在cell點擊時的賦值
[self.myCentralManager connectPeripheral:self.myPeripheral options:nil];
一個主設(shè)備最多能連7個外設(shè)，每個外設(shè)最多只能給一個主設(shè)備連接,連接成功颁湖、失敗宣蠕、斷開都會進(jìn)入到相應(yīng)的代理
#pragma mark 連接外設(shè)成功
- (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral{
BDLog(@"成功外設(shè)連接");
//設(shè)置外設(shè)的代理
[self.myPeripheral setDelegate:self];
//外設(shè)發(fā)現(xiàn)服務(wù),傳nil代表不過濾
// 這里會觸發(fā)外設(shè)的代理方法 - (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverServices:(NSError *)error
[self.myPeripheral discoverServices:nil];
}
#pragma mark 掉線時調(diào)用 丟失連接
- (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didDisconnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error{
UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"提示" message:@"藍(lán)牙連接已斷開" delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:nil otherButtonTitles:@"關(guān)閉", nil];
[alert show];
[self closeConnect];
BDLog(@"丟失連接");
}
#pragma mark 連接外設(shè)失敗
- (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didFailToConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error{
BDLog(@"連接外設(shè)失敗%@", error);
}
掃描服務(wù)和特征
#pragma mark 發(fā)現(xiàn)服務(wù)
- (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverServices:(NSError *)error{
BDLog(@"發(fā)現(xiàn)服務(wù)!");
for(CBService* s in peripheral.services){
NSLog(@"%d :服務(wù) UUID: %@(%@)", i, s.UUID.data, s.UUID);
//掃描每個service的Characteristics，掃描到后會進(jìn)入方法： -(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverCharacteristicsForService:(CBService *)service error:(NSError *)error
[peripheral discoverCharacteristics:nil forService:s];
[self.nServices addObject:s];
}
}
#pragma mark 發(fā)現(xiàn)外設(shè)服務(wù)里的特征的時候調(diào)用的代理方法
- (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverCharacteristicsForService:(CBService *)service error:(NSError *)error{
for(CBCharacteristic* c in service.characteristics){
BDLog(@"特征 UUID: %@ (%@)", c.UUID.data, c.UUID);
if (self.toothType == BDBlueToothType_Oximeter) {//血氧儀
if([c.UUID isEqual:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:@"FFF1"]]){
self.writeCharacteristic = c;
BDLog(@"找到WRITE : %@", c);
}else if([c.UUID isEqual:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:@"FFF4"]]){
self.readCharacteristic = c;
[self.myPeripheral setNotifyValue:YES forCharacteristic:c];
[self.myPeripheral readValueForCharacteristic:c];
NSLog(@"找到READ : %@", c);
}
}else if (self.toothType == BDBlueToothType_Hamnatodynamometer){//血壓計
if ([c.UUID isEqual:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:@"FFE1"]]) {
BDLog(@"血壓計 %zd - %@",c.properties,c.descriptors);
self.readCharacteristic = c;
self.writeCharacteristic = c;
[self.myPeripheral setNotifyValue:YES forCharacteristic:c];
[self.myPeripheral readValueForCharacteristic:c];
}
}
}
}
與外設(shè)進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)交互
#pragma mark 獲取外設(shè)發(fā)來的數(shù)據(jù),不論是read和notify,獲取數(shù)據(jù)都從這個方法中讀取
- (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didUpdateValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(NSError *)error{
[peripheral readRSSI];
NSData* data = characteristic.value;
if (!data.length) {
return;
}
NSString* value = [self hexadecimalString:data];
if (self.toothType == BDBlueToothType_Oximeter) { //血氧儀
if([characteristic.UUID isEqual:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:@"FFF4"]]){
if (value.length) {
self.readValue(value);
}
// BDLog(@"characteristic : %@, data : %@, value : %@", characteristic, data, value);
}
}else if (self.toothType == BDBlueToothType_Hamnatodynamometer){ //血壓計
if ([characteristic.UUID isEqual:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:@"FFE1"]]) {
if (value.length) {
self.readValue(value);
}
// BDLog(@"characteristic : %@, data : %@, value : %@", characteristic, data, value);
}
}
}
//中心讀取外設(shè)實時數(shù)據(jù)
- (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didUpdateNotificationStateForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(NSError *)error{
if(error){
BDLog(@"Error changing notification state: %@", error.localizedDescription);
}
if(characteristic.isNotifying){
[peripheral readValueForCharacteristic:characteristic];
}else{
BDLog(@"Notification stopped on %@. Disconnting", characteristic);
[self.myCentralManager cancelPeripheralConnection:self.myPeripheral];
}
}
//向peripheral中寫入數(shù)據(jù)
- (void)writeToPeripheral:(NSString *)data{
if(!_writeCharacteristic){
BDLog(@"writeCharacteristic is nil!");
return;
}
NSData* value = [self dataWithHexstring:data];
[_myPeripheral writeValue:value forCharacteristic:_writeCharacteristic type:CBCharacteristicWriteWithResponse];
}
//向peripheral中寫入數(shù)據(jù)后的回調(diào)函數(shù)
- (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral*)peripheral didWriteValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(NSError *)error{
if (error) {
BDLog(@"error %@",error);
}
BDLog(@"write value success : %@", characteristic);
}
用到的私有方法
//將傳入的NSData類型轉(zhuǎn)換成NSString并返回
- (NSString*)hexadecimalString:(NSData *)data{
NSString* result;
const unsigned char* dataBuffer = (const unsigned char*)[data bytes];
if(!dataBuffer){
return nil;
}
NSUInteger dataLength = [data length];
NSMutableString* hexString = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:(dataLength * 2)];
for(int i = 0; i < dataLength; i++){
[hexString appendString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%02lx", (unsigned long)dataBuffer[i]]];
}
result = [NSString stringWithString:hexString];
return result;
}
//將傳入的NSString類型轉(zhuǎn)換成NSData并返回
- (NSData*)dataWithHexstring:(NSString *)hexstring{
NSMutableData* data = [NSMutableData data];
int idx;
for(idx = 0; idx + 2 <= hexstring.length; idx += 2){
NSRange range = NSMakeRange(idx, 2);
NSString* hexStr = [hexstring substringWithRange:range];
NSScanner* scanner = [NSScanner scannerWithString:hexStr];
unsigned int intValue;
[scanner scanHexInt:&intValue];
[data appendBytes:&intValue length:1];
}
return data;
}
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