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Germany’s efforts to deport more unauthorised immigrants are sensible. Not so America’s

德國努力驅(qū)逐更多未獲批準(zhǔn)的移民是合情合理。但美國的行動并非如此损趋。

To immigrants who live in the shadows, or in the interminable half-light of the asylum system, the signals in two large countries are ominous. Germany’s government is seeking to make it easier and quicker to deport failed asylum-seekers. America promises to “take the shackles off” its immigration officers and boost their numbers. In a speech to Congress on February 28th, Donald Trump mentioned two illegal immigrants—both of them murderers. In both countries, politics is lubricating the deportation machine. Mr Trump is delivering the crackdown he promised on the campaign trail; Germany is gearing up for elections in September, in which the anti-immigration Alternative for Germany party threatens to do well.

對于居住在陰影里或在容留機(jī)構(gòu)中熬過無盡的暗夜的移民來說患久，兩個(gè)大國發(fā)出的信號都是不祥之兆。德國政府正在努力使將不合格的庇護(hù)者驅(qū)逐出境變得更容易浑槽，更快捷蒋失。美國承諾給移民官員“取消枷鎖”，并增加他們的人數(shù)桐玻。在2月28日的國會演講中高镐，唐納德·特朗普提到了兩個(gè)非法移民 - 稱兩個(gè)人都是謀殺犯。在這兩個(gè)國家畸冲，政治因素正在使得負(fù)責(zé)驅(qū)逐工作的國家機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)地更順暢嫉髓。特朗普正在履行他在競選活動中打擊非法移民的承諾;德國也在為9月的選舉加緊工作，其中邑闲，反對移民的替代德國黨威脅也要這么干算行。

In both countries, civil-rights groups call deportation brutal and unfair. In both, the federal government has clashed with local officials. But the differences are instructive, too. Germany’s actions are proportionate and sensible. America’s are not.

在這兩個(gè)國家，民權(quán)團(tuán)體都宣稱驅(qū)逐行為殘酷而不公平苫耸。在這兩個(gè)國家州邢，聯(lián)邦政府都與地方官員發(fā)生了沖突。但兩者之間的不同也頗具啟發(fā)性褪子。德國的行動適當(dāng)而明智量淌。美國的則并非如此。

Pick your targets carefully

仔細(xì)選擇你的目標(biāo)

In principle, deporting people who fall foul of immigration rules is wise, even liberal. It is the corollary of a generous immigration system—proof that rules can be upheld and that a country can open its doors without losing control. In practice, deportation is tricky and choices must be made. It can be done humanely and efficiently. Or it can be callous and sloppy, so that it tears social bonds and makes a country less safe.

原則上嫌褪，驅(qū)逐違反移民規(guī)定的人是明智的呀枢，甚至已是寬宏大量了。這是一個(gè)慷慨的移民體系的必然結(jié)果 - 是規(guī)則值得遵守的證據(jù)笼痛，也是一個(gè)國家可以敞開大門而不失控的明證裙秋。在實(shí)踐中，驅(qū)逐行動相當(dāng)棘手缨伊，必須被迫作出選擇摘刑。它可以人道而有效地施行，也可以無情和草率的實(shí)施刻坊，以至于它會撕裂社會紐帶枷恕，使一個(gè)國家更不安全。

Since January 2015 almost1.2m people have sought asylum in Germany—more than in any other European country. Of the cases it has heard, Germany has accepted 39% as refugees and offered protection to others. That still leaves a lot of rejects, many of whom are clinging on. Soon there could be half a million foreigners in Germany who have been told to leave.

自2015年1月以來谭胚，有近120萬人在德國尋求避難 - 比任何其他歐洲國家都要多徐块。 在審核完的申請中隶校，德國以難民身份接受了39％的申請，并向其他人提供保護(hù)蛹锰。 還剩下不少人被拒絕深胳，其中許多堅(jiān)持滯留不去。 很快铜犬，可能會有50萬外國人留在德國舞终，這些人已經(jīng)被要求離開。

Although deporting them all would be impossible—many are not acknowledged by the countries they fled—Germany wants to push more out of the door. So it plans to ban failed asylum-seekers from moving around the country and to offer money to hopeless cases if they depart of their own accord. It will crack down on serious criminals. The federal government is also prodding states to be more vigorous. They are in charge of deportations, and at the moment they do not all agree that it is safe to return people to Afghanistan.

雖然驅(qū)逐他們是不可能的 - 許多人不被他們逃離的國家所承認(rèn) - 德國還是希望盡可能多地把他們請出國門癣猾。 為此敛劝，德國打算禁止不合格的尋求庇護(hù)者在全國各地遷移；如果他們自愿離開纷宇，德國將向這些無望之人提供資金幫助夸盟。 德國也將開展打擊嚴(yán)重犯罪行為的行動。 聯(lián)邦政府同時(shí)在敦促州政府更加積極配合像捶。他們負(fù)責(zé)具體的驅(qū)逐事宜上陕；目前他們并不完全同意將難民遣返回阿富汗是安全的說法。

As Germany tries to deter recent arrivals from digging in, and focuses on the worst offenders, America is doing more or less the opposite. It has about 11m illegal immigrants, according to the Pew Research Centre. Two-thirds of the adults have been in the country for at least ten years and two-fifths have children, many of whom are citizens. Although almost all illegal immigrants could in theory be deported, in recent years most effort has gone on removing recent arrivals and those who have committed serious crimes.

當(dāng)?shù)聡ψ柚剐碌絹碚叩倪M(jìn)入并集中精力于最糟糕的罪犯時(shí)拓春，美國的所作所為多少有些與之相反释簿。根據(jù)皮尤研究中心的說法，美國大約有1100萬非法移民硼莽。其中三分之二的成年人已經(jīng)至少生活了十年和五分之二的人已育有子女庶溶，其中不少人已有公民身份。雖然幾乎所有非法移民在理論上都可以被驅(qū)逐出境懂鸵，但近年來偏螺，最大的努力僅僅是清除新到者和那些犯下嚴(yán)重罪行的人。

Not any more. America’s Department of Homeland Security proposes to target all illicit immigrants who have “committed an act for which they could face charges”. Since Congress has criminalised many things that such people do (eg, using false Social Security numbers) that means open season on almost everyone. More children will be deported; parents who pay smugglers to bring their offspring to America will be prosecuted. Local police will be used as “force multipliers”.

不能再這樣下去匆光。美國國土安全部建議把目標(biāo)鎖定在“犯下可能面臨指控行為”的所有非法移民套像。由于國會將這些人所做的太多事情定為非法（例如使用虛假社會保障號碼）酱固，這意味著狩獵季幾乎針對所有人试幽。更多的孩子將被驅(qū)逐出境; 付錢給走私分子帶子女到美國的那些父母將被起訴。地方警察將被用作“力量倍增器”。

By widening the net to catch longer-established immigrants, who tend to have children and better jobs, Mr Trump’s government will cause immense harm to families and to the country. Already-long queues at the immigration courts will lengthen. Federal officers will be pitted against local ones. Police in many cities refuse to act as proxy immigration officers, on the sensible ground that illegal immigrants should not be afraid of talking to them. Pushing them to co-operate with gung-ho federal officers invites a clash. Last week the mayor of Los Angeles told immigration officers to stop referring to themselves as police.

特朗普的政府通過擴(kuò)大網(wǎng)絡(luò)以打擊那些長期居住的移民采幌，他們往往已有孩子和更好的工作。這將對那些家庭和國家造成巨大的傷害震桶。移民法院外已經(jīng)排得長隊(duì)將變得更長休傍。聯(lián)邦官員將和地方官員產(chǎn)生競爭。許多城市的警察拒絕擔(dān)任代理移民官蹲姐，理由是非法移民不應(yīng)害怕與他們交談磨取。逼他們與雄心勃勃的聯(lián)邦官員合作將導(dǎo)致沖突人柿。上周洛杉磯市長告知了移民官員停止自稱警察的行為。

In America, many illegal immigrants have been around for decades and become part of society. Confusingly, when Mr Trump is not tarring unauthorised migrants as murderers, he says he is open to talking to Democrats about a comprehensive reform that would allow some of them to become legal (though not to earn full citizenship). That would be an excellent idea; but so far his actions speak louder than his words.

在美國忙厌，許多非法移民生活于此已有幾十年凫岖，早就融為社會的一部分。 令人困惑的是逢净，當(dāng)特朗普不再把未經(jīng)批準(zhǔn)的移民污蔑為謀殺者時(shí)哥放，他說愿意和民主黨人討論一項(xiàng)綜合改革計(jì)劃，給予他們中的一部分以合法的身份（雖然不會獲得完整的公民身份）爹土。 這將是一個(gè)絕妙的主意甥雕，但到目前為止他的行動勝于他的言語。