今天突然在網(wǎng)上看到了這本電子pdf褂始，看見還有視頻課程携悯，不過課程貌似收費(fèi)计贰，心想著Python一直沒怎么學(xué)，也沒怎么用它來編程拯钻，今天趁著有空學(xué)一下吧。
首先瀏覽了一下目錄撰豺，有幾章還是挺感興趣的粪般，像 **chapter8 reading and writing files, chapter 10 debugging , chapter 11 web scraping. **
抱著想要看看這本書質(zhì)量怎么樣的心態(tài)，看了這本書看我能學(xué)到多少東西污桦，查漏補(bǔ)缺亩歹，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在自己的python水平完全是菜鳥級(jí)別。凡橱。小作。等看完了，最后再評(píng)價(jià)這本書稼钩。
都說興趣是最好的老師顾稀，只有抱著一種想要探索，想要把這個(gè)搞懂的心態(tài)坝撑，才能真正的學(xué)進(jìn)去静秆。**PS：只有當(dāng)你對(duì)一個(gè)東西不感興趣時(shí)，你才會(huì)使勁逼迫著自己去做這件事巡李。如果你很喜歡抚笔，根本不需要所謂的自我約束，興趣會(huì)驅(qū)動(dòng)著你前行击儡。**
If you can’t? nd the answer by searching online, try asking people in aweb forum such as Stack Overlow (http://stackover ow.com/) or the “l(fā)earnprogramming” subreddit at http://reddit.com/r/learnprogramming/.
一些操作符塔沃，'//' 原來不知道是什么意思，現(xiàn)在知道了
\d 數(shù)字，\w 單詞蛀柴，字符串螃概，\s 空格
原來查linux的時(shí)候看到過這些正則表達(dá)式分別是什么，現(xiàn)在終于記住了鸽疾。吊洼。。
PS：由此可見制肮，自己的記性是有多差冒窍。。豺鼻。
`
#manipulate strings
print('Hello there!\nHow are you?\nI\'m doing fine.')
#raw string
print(r'That is Carol\'s cat.')
#
spam='appLe'
spam.lower()
'hello'.isalpha()
'hello123'.isalnum()
'123'.isdecimal()
' '.isspace()
'Hello world!'.startswith('Hello')
' '.join(spam)
spam=' Hello World'
spam.strip()
spam.lstrip()
spam.rstrip()
import pyperclip
text = pyperclip.paste()
# Separate lines and add stars.
lines = text.split('\n')
for i in range(len(lines)):# loop through all indexes in the "lines" list
lines[i] = '* ' + lines[i] # add star to each string in "lines" list
pyperclip.copy(text)
pyperclip.copy()
pyperclip.paste()
#All the regex functions in Python are in the re module
import re
# re.compile() returns a Regex pattern object
phonenumber=re.compile(r'\d\d\d-\d\d\d-\d\d\d\d')
mo=phonenumber.search('my number is 150-021-18276')
print('phone number is found :'+mo.group())
mo.group(1)
mo.group(2)
mo.group(0)
mo.group()
mo.groups()
'''
1. Import the regex module with import re.
2. Create a Regex object with the re.compile() function.
(Remember to use a
raw string.)
3. Pass the string you want to search into the Regex object’s search() method.
This returns a Match object.
4. Call the Match object’s group() method to return a string of the actual
matched text.
'''
phonenumber.findall('cell:415-555-9999 work: 212-555-0000')
######
import os
os.getcwd()
os.chdir("/Users/apple")
os.makedirs('/Users/apple/python')
os.path.abspath('.')
totalSize=0
for filename in os.listdir('/Users/apple'):
toralSize+=os.path.getsize('/Users/apple',filename)
print(totalSize)
os.path.exists('/Users/apple')
os.path.isdir('/Users/apple')
os.path.isfile('/Users/apple')
#the shutil module
#The shutil (or shell utilities) module has functions to let you copy,
#move, rename, and delete? les in your Python programs.
import shutil,os
shutil.copy('apple.txt','test.txt')
shutil.copytree('C:\\bacon', 'C:\\bacon_backup')#shutil.copytree() will copy an entire folder and every folder and? le contained in it.
shutil.move('C:\\bacon.txt', 'C:\\eggs')
os.unlink(path) #will delete the? le at path.
os.rmdir(path)#will delete the folder at path. This folder must be
empty of any? les or folders.
shutil.rmtree(path)#will remove the folder at path, and all? les and folders it contains will also be deleted.
import os
for filename in os.listdir():
if filename.endswith('.rxt'):
os.unlink(filename)
import os
for filename in os.listdir():
if filename.endswith('.rxt'):
#os.unlink(filename)
print(filename)
#A much better way to delete? les and folders is with the third-party send2trash module.
send2trash.send2trash('bacon.txt')
os.walk()
#Reading ZIP Files
import zipfile, os
exampleZip = zipfile.ZipFile('example.zip')
exampleZip.namelist()
spamInfo = exampleZip.getinfo('spam.txt')
spamInfo.compress_size
exampleZip.close()
#Extracting from ZIP Files
exampleZip.extractall()
exampleZip.close()
exampleZip.extract('spam.txt', 'C:\\some\\new\\folders')
backupZip = zipfile.ZipFile(zipFilename, 'w')
#raising exceptions
import traceback
try:
raise Exception('This is the error information.')
except:
errorFile=open('errorInfo.txt','w')
errorFile.write(traceback.format_exc())
errorFile.close()
print('The traceback info was written to errorInfo.txt')
#An assertion is a sanity check to make sure your code isn’t doing something obviously wrong.
import logging
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG, format=' %(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')
logging.debug()
logging.info()
logging.warning()
logging.error()
logging.critical()
logging.basicConfig(filename='myProgramLog.txt', level=logging.DEBUG, format=' %(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')
import webbrowser
webbrowser.open('http://inventwithpython.com')
import requests
res=requests.get('http://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/1112/pg1112.txt')
try:
res.raise_for_status()
except Exception as exc:
print('There was a problem:%s' % (exc))
type(res)
res.status_code==resquests.codes.ok
len(res.text)
print(res.text(:250))
playFile = open('RomeoAndJuliet.txt', 'wb')
for chunk in res.iter_content(100000):
playFile.write(chunk)
playFile.close()
`
###############file() 函數(shù)
file()函數(shù)是2.2中新增的函數(shù)综液，它與open()函數(shù)一樣，相當(dāng)于open()的別名儒飒，不過比open()更直觀一些谬莹。
for line in file(filename):
print line
[#######對(duì)于為什么要用__name__='__main__'? 參見文章：](http://www.crifan.com/python_detailed_explain_about___name___and___main__/)
寫的很詳細(xì)。一下就看懂了桩了。
對(duì)于sys.argv 的用法參見文章：[sys.argv](http://blog.csdn.net/vivilorne/article/details/3863545)
寫的很詳細(xì)附帽，學(xué)習(xí)了。把程序看懂井誉，自己寫一遍蕉扮。
＃Debugging
為了防止程序crash，可以把traceback information 寫到log file里颗圣。
**Web Scrapping"
*webbrowser* :Comes with Python and opens a browser to a specific page.
*Requests*: Downloads? les and web pages from the Internet.
*Beautiful Soup*: ?Parses HTML, the format that web pages are written in.
*Selenium*: Launches and controls a web browser. Selenium is able to ll in forms and simulate mouse clicks in this browser.
