• eg: I got up late.
  I was late for school.
• ==Because== I got up late, I was late for school. （原因 狀語從句）
• I got up late, ==so== I was late for school.（結(jié)果狀語從句）
• 狀語從句=簡單句 + 邏輯連接詞（九種） + 簡單句

狀語從句常用邏輯關(guān)系詞

When / while（用在句首表示雖然卖氨，句中表示但是） / as / as soon as / until/ if / although / as if / because / so / unless /

• as
• as...as..比較級概念：...和...一樣
  • 特殊的三個結(jié)構(gòu)
    • He is as intelligent as（而） his brother is ++diligent++（勤奮）
    • 他很聰明而他的弟弟很勤奮
    • The method is as practical as meaningful.（既...又...）
    • 這個方法既實用又有意義
    • The question is as difficult as difficult can be.（相當(dāng)難）
    • 這個問題相當(dāng)難
• as+單詞：作為
  • as the part of exchange of duties and entitlements
• as+句子
  • 當(dāng)契邀，隨著
    • As winter comes店归，is not spring far away？冬天已經(jīng)來了春天還會遠(yuǎn)嗎沦辙？
    • As time goes by隨著時間的流逝
    • As the night falls隨著夜幕的降臨
    • as+時間相關(guān)：隨著，當(dāng)
  • 就像
    • just as/as we know/as is known to us all/as we expect/as is expected
    • 一般用于比較固定的搭配
  • 雖然
    • Although I am young=Young as I am
    • Although I am a child=Child as I am
    • Although I may fail=Fail as I may
    • 當(dāng)as處于句子的第2個位置翻譯為雖然
  • 因為
    • 除了之前的三種情況外
• if
• 當(dāng)情況有可能發(fā)生→主將從現(xiàn)
  • if it rains tomorrow 讹剔，I will stay at home.
• 當(dāng)不可能發(fā)生油讯，與事實相反→虛擬語氣
  與現(xiàn)在相反

• if I were you详民，I would help him.
• if I had wings，I would fly over the sea to see you.
• if you had come to my birthday party撞羽，you would had seen Yaoming.

狀語從句的省略

• 分詞作狀語

  • （the school）==Seen== from the hill, the school looks beautiful.
  • When the school is seen from the hill阐斜，the school looks beautiful.
  • （we are） Given more time，we can do it well
  • 狀語從句中诀紊，前后主從句主語 一致谒出，可省略從句主語，后面 的動詞發(fā)生形式變化邻奠， 主動語 態(tài)變成ing形式笤喳，被動語態(tài)保 留過去分詞。
  • When [As soon as] the mouse saw the cat, it ran off.
  • Seeing the cat碌宴，the mouse ran off.
  • (I were)Given more time, I would be able to complete it.
  • Reading the letter, she burst out crying.
  • she read the letter, she burst out crying.

• 另：分詞短語做狀語時杀狡，可以保留相應(yīng)的連詞→為了讓句子更加清晰合理

  • After having annoyed everybody, he went home.
  • Although exhausted by the walk, he continued his journey.

• 練習(xí)

  • When （we）==comparing== different cultures, we often pay attention only
    to the differences without noticing the many similarities.
  • （we are）Faced ==with== so much trouble, we ++failed to++（未能） complete the task on time
  • （we）Facing so much trouble, we ++failed to++（未能） complete the task on time
    • be faced with sth=face sth 面對...
  • （companies）Feeling threatened, companies responded by writing ever-longer warning labels, trying to ++anticipate++（預(yù)期） every possible accident.
  • （Whorf）Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society.

• 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

  • if time permits，we can do it well.
  • Time permitting,we can do it well.