America's Presidents - Franklin D. Roosevelt 美國總統(tǒng) — 富蘭克林·德拉諾·羅斯福

VOA Learning English presents America’s Presidents.
美國之音慢速英語介紹美國總統(tǒng)欄目憔涉。

Today we are talking about Franklin Delano Roosevelt. He was related to an earlier president with same last name, Theodore Roosevelt. Many Americans call Franklin Roosevelt by the first letter of each word in his full name: FDR.
今天封恰，我們談?wù)摰氖歉惶m克林·德拉諾·羅斯福。他與之前的總統(tǒng)西奧多·羅斯福有著相同的姓席吴。大多數(shù)美國人稱富蘭克林·羅斯福全名的英文縮寫：FDR。

Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1933 富蘭克林·羅斯福于1933年

When FDR took office, the United States was in a severe economic depression. The previous president, Herbert Hoover, had tried to improve the economy, but his efforts had failed.
羅斯福就任總統(tǒng)時，美國正處于嚴重的經(jīng)濟蕭條當中脂倦。前任總統(tǒng)赫伯特·胡佛嘗試過去改善經(jīng)濟畅厢，但失敗了冯痢。

FDR defeated Hoover in the election of 1932. He won, in part, by promising what he called a “new deal” for Americans.
羅斯福在1932年大選中擊敗了胡佛。從某種程度上來講框杜，他贏得大選是因為他承諾美國民眾實施他所謂的“新政”浦楣。

Voters did not know what FDR’s “new deal” meant exactly, but many liked his message of hope.
選民其實并不完全理解羅斯福的“新政”，但許多人喜歡他所傳達的希望霸琴。

Voters also did not know how much FDR would change the country. He remained in office for 12 years – the longest of any U.S. president – and led the country through the Great Depression and most of World War II.
選民也不知道羅斯福將會改變這個國家多少椒振。羅斯福連任了12年總統(tǒng)，是所有美國總統(tǒng)當中任期最長的梧乘，并且?guī)ьI(lǐng)美國度過了大蕭條和二戰(zhàn)的大部分時間澎迎。

Along the way, he changed the way government affected Americans’ lives, and the job of the U.S. president.
一路走來，他改變了美國政府影響人民生活的方式选调，以及美國總統(tǒng)的工作方式夹供。

Early life 早年生活

Franklin Roosevelt was born on a large estate^[1] in New York, about 140 kilometers outside New York City. He was the only child of wealthy parents.
富蘭克林·羅斯福出生于紐約市以外約140公里處的一個大莊園里。他是這個富裕家庭里唯一的孩子仁堪。

Franklin Roosevelt as a child 童年時期的富蘭克林·羅斯福

His mother and father made sure he had an excellent education. As a young man he attended a private high school, and then Harvard College in Massachusetts. He also studied law at Columbia University in New York.
父母保證了羅斯福接受了良好的教育哮洽。青年時期，他上了一所私立高校弦聂，后來進入了位于馬薩諸塞州的哈佛大學鸟辅。他還在紐約州的哥倫比亞大學學習了法律氛什。

Young FDR was not an excellent student, however. He was interested in many things outside the classroom, including politics and girls.
然而，羅斯福年輕的時候并不是一位優(yōu)秀的學生匪凉。他對很多課外的事情感興趣枪眉，比如政治和女孩。

Two of FDR’s interests came together in a young woman named Anna Eleanor Roosevelt, who went by the name Eleanor. She was the niece^[2] of a politician FDR greatly respected: President Theodore Roosevelt.
羅斯福對一位名叫安娜·埃莉諾·羅斯福的年輕女子產(chǎn)生了濃厚興趣再层，人們通常叫她埃莉諾贸铜。她是羅斯福非常敬仰的一位政治家西奧多·羅斯福總統(tǒng)的侄女聂受。

On the day when Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt were married, Theodore Roosevelt attended the ceremony. In fact, he walked with his niece in front of the guests to her future husband.
富蘭克林和埃莉諾·羅斯福大婚當日，西奧多·羅斯福參加了婚禮蛋济。事實上棍鳖，是他挽著侄女在眾多客人面前走向未來丈夫的。

About 10 years after they married, Eleanor Roosevelt (pictured here in 1933) learned her husband was having an affair. Yet the couple remained married for 40 years. 婚后的大約10年瘫俊，埃莉諾·羅斯福（攝于1933年）發(fā)現(xiàn)她的丈夫有了外遇鹊杖。然而，這對夫妻仍然相處了40年扛芽。

Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt went on to have six children, although one died as a baby.
富蘭克林和埃莉諾·羅斯福共有六個孩子骂蓖，其中一個早夭。

While Eleanor Roosevelt raised the children, Franklin Roosevelt directed his attention to politics.
埃莉諾·羅斯福撫養(yǎng)孩子的時候川尖，富蘭克林·羅斯福的注意力都撲在了政治上登下。

He left a job in a law office to serve in the New York state senate. In time, he was offered a job in the federal government as an assistant secretary of the Navy.
他辭去了律師事務(wù)所的工作，擔任了紐約州的參議員叮喳。后來被芳，他被聯(lián)邦政府任命為海軍助理部長。

FDR enjoyed the job, but he continued seeking other political positions. He tried unsuccessfully for a seat in the U.S. Senate, but did get nominated by the Democratic Party to be its vice presidential candidate in 1920.
羅斯福很喜歡這份工作馍悟，但仍繼續(xù)尋求其他政治地位畔濒。他競選了美國參議員席位，但失敗了锣咒。不過侵状，他于1920年被提名為民主黨的副總統(tǒng)候選人。

Although he and his partner lost the race, FDR seemed like he was in a good position for major political success.
盡管他和他的競選搭檔失敗了毅整，但羅斯福似乎正處于一個重大政治勝利的絕佳位置趣兄。

But then something unexpected happened.
然而意外卻發(fā)生了。

Illness and return to politics 生病并重返政壇

When he was 39 years old, FDR suffered major health problems. One day he started to feel a pain in his back. The following day his legs grew tired. Then his skin became sensitive.
羅斯福39歲的時候悼嫉，遭遇了重大的健康問題艇潭。有一天，他開始感到背部疼痛；然后第二天蹋凝，雙腿感到疲勞鲁纠；再然后，皮膚變得敏感仙粱。

By the end of the week, both his legs were paralyzed^[3]. He could not move from the waist down. He remained paralyzed for the rest of his life.
那周結(jié)束的時候房交，他的雙腿已經(jīng)癱瘓彻舰，腰部以下都無法動彈伐割。他的余生都處于癱瘓狀態(tài)。

The next years were difficult for the Roosevelts. Eleanor and the children helped care for FDR. And he worked hard to recover some of his strength and physical abilities, especially by exercising.
接下來的幾年對羅斯福一家來說很艱難刃唤。埃莉諾和孩子們幫忙照顧羅斯福隔心，他自己也努力去恢復力量和體能，尤其是運動尚胞。

Doctors diagnosed FDR with polio. But scholars today say another disease may have caused his paralysis. 醫(yī)生給富蘭克林的診斷為脊髓灰質(zhì)炎硬霍。但當今學者認為是另一種疾病引起了癱瘓。

While he remained hopeful about his condition, FDR worried about his political career. He did not think the public would accept a leader who could not even walk by himself. So he took several measures.
然而笼裳，羅斯福仍然對自己的狀況感到樂觀唯卖，他擔憂的是他的政治生涯。他覺得民眾不會接受一位甚至不能行走的領(lǐng)導人躬柬。所以拜轨，他采取了若干措施。

He created a small wheelchair that would not get too much attention. It was made from a dining room chair, with wheels instead of legs.
他制造了一個不會引起太多注意的小型輪椅允青。該輪椅是從餐廳的椅子改造而來的橄碾，只是把椅子的腿改成了輪子。

He refused to let photographers take pictures of him being carried or struggling to move, and he found a way to appear as if he were walking. He used a cane or the arm of a partner to balance, and then he swung^[4] his hips to make his legs move forward.
他拒絕被拍到努力掙扎移動的樣子颠锉，并找到了一種讓他看起來好像在行走的方式法牲。他通過手杖或同伴的手臂來保持平衡，然后擺動臀部使腿向前移動琼掠。

Using this method, FDR “walked” to the stage^[5] at the 1924 Democratic National Convention. He used the event to nominate the governor of New York for president.
通過這種方式拒垃，羅斯福“走上”了1924年民主黨全國代表大會的舞臺瓷蛙，他利用這次大會提名了紐約州州長為總統(tǒng)悼瓮。

That man’s bid did not succeed. But FDR showed himself to still be an able politician.
盡管這次提名沒有成功，但羅斯福展示了他仍是一位有能力的政治家速挑。

Four years later, FDR himself was elected governor of New York. He held the position in the early years of the country’s economic crisis.
四年后谤牡，羅斯福當選為紐約州州長。此時姥宝，正值國家經(jīng)濟危機的頭幾年翅萤。

In 1932, FDR was a candidate for president. He took the unusual step of appearing in person at the Democratic convention to accept his party’s nomination.
羅斯福于1932年成為總統(tǒng)候選人。他采取了不同尋常的方式親自出現(xiàn)在民主黨大會上接受黨的提名。

FDR and Herbert Hoover at the 1933 inauguration 羅斯福和赫伯特·胡佛在1933年的就職典禮上

His campaign was such a success that the Democrats took not only the White House, but majorities in both the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives.
他的競選如此成功套么，以致于民主黨不僅贏得了白宮培己，而且獲得了美國參議院和眾議院的多數(shù)席位。

The strength of the Democratic Party in Congress would help FDR become one of the most powerful presidents the country had ever seen.
民主黨在國會的強大實力將幫助羅斯福成為美國有史以來最有權(quán)力的總統(tǒng)之一胚泌。

Next week we will continue our story of FDR and his presidency.
下周我們將繼續(xù)羅斯福和他總統(tǒng)任期的故事省咨。

原文鏈接

https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/americas-presidents-franklin-roosevelt/4046663.html

1. estate - n. a large piece of land with a large house on it - 房地產(chǎn) ?

2. niece - n. a daughter of your brother or sister - 侄女，外甥女 ?

3. paralyzed - adj. unable to move or feel all or part of the body - 癱瘓 ?

4. swing - v. to move backward and forward or from side to side while hanging from something - 擺動玷室，搖擺 ?

5. stage - n. a raised platform in a theater or auditorium where the performers stand - 舞臺 ?