什么是時態(tài)：時間+狀態(tài)
先來感受一下時態(tài)~
1. I just feel hopeless. I can't do enough. My children wanted me. They needed me. And now I can't help them. I just feel like such a failure. (Blind-Sided: Homicide Where It Is Least Expected)
句子中的一般過去時，表示這位母親知道孩子已經(jīng)去世。對比，有些走失兒童的父母，在表達(dá)這是孩子的房間時闯估，會用一般現(xiàn)在時，內(nèi)心認(rèn)為孩子還活著。
2. 試比較：（注意語境不同另當(dāng)別論）
He is an English teacher. 他現(xiàn)在是一名英語老師昔头。
He was an English teacher. 他生前是一名英語老師。（was表示人去世）
He used to be an English teacher. 他曾是一名英語老師影兽。（現(xiàn)在可能不是）
時態(tài)要如何用
一般現(xiàn)在時的用法：2個
1. 表達(dá)現(xiàn)在的情況揭斧、狀態(tài)的用法
Monica Lewinsky: There is absolutely no sex of any kind in any manner shape or form with president Clinton.
President Clinton: There is no improper relationship.
克林頓總統(tǒng)針對桃色丑聞的辯詞：It depends upon what the meaning of the word "is" is.
1） If? "is" means "is and never has been", that is not——that is one thing（現(xiàn)在且以前沒有，說謊了）
2） If it means "there is none", that was a completely true statement.（說話的那個時候沒有峻堰，沒說謊）
2. 超越自然時間的用法
She always takes a walk in the evening. (習(xí)慣讹开、反復(fù)動作)
Water boils at 100℃（真理、事實）
I declare the meeting open（現(xiàn)在捐名、瞬間）
I hear Brotherfive has come back from America.（表過去）
Tomorrow is Christmas Day（表將來）
The plane takes off at eight and arrives in Beijing at eleven（表將來）
表示說明介紹
U.S. President holds talks with British Prime Minister.（新聞）
I Have a Chance（小說的章標(biāo)題）
At rise, the stage is dark. It is two thirty in the morning. （舞臺說明）
The contracts holds good. 合同有效
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的用法
1. 表示進(jìn)行的動作或正在發(fā)生的事
2. 表示非延續(xù)性或反復(fù)性的動作
（1）表示某個按最近的計劃或安排旦万，將要進(jìn)行的動作，或即將開始或結(jié)束的動作
go, leave, come, arrive, land? ? ? ? ? ? meet, move, return, start, stay
do, dine, give, have, pay? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? join, punish, spend, sleep, take
change, fly, work, wear, see? ? ? ? ? ? launch, play
栗子：He is meeting Brotherfive tomorrow. 他明天要和武哥見面
（2）動作動詞的進(jìn)行時與always, forever, continually, constantly等連用镶蹋，表示重復(fù)的動作成艘，這種動作可能使人感到厭倦或覺得不合理赏半，有時表示贊賞、滿意
Students are always doubting the sample translation offered by Brotherfive.
（3）系動詞be的進(jìn)行時+動態(tài)形容詞淆两，表示暫時出現(xiàn)的某種情況或品質(zhì)断箫。
You are being foolish. 你在辦蠢事（平時不糊涂）
（4）某些短暫性動詞也不可用于進(jìn)行時，常見動詞有：
admit, decide, end, allow, refuse? ? ? ? ?consent(答應(yīng)), permit, receive, determine, resolve
deny, promise, accept, complete
例子：He is denying that he has seen the wallet. (is denying改為denies)
（5）表示反復(fù)多次或習(xí)慣性動作
Brotherfive is nodding his head. 武哥頻頻點頭（nod是短暫性動詞秋冰，進(jìn)行時表示反復(fù)多次）
現(xiàn)在完成時用法
1. 影響性用法（事情發(fā)生且結(jié)束仲义，產(chǎn)生結(jié)果影響到現(xiàn)在）
Although（看見這個詞，找主句）?surveys of /medieval legislation, guild organization and terminology used（后置定語） to designate different medical practitioners/?have demonstrated that /numerous medical specialties were recognized in Europe during the Middle Ages, /most historians continue to equate the term "woman medical practitioner", wherever they encounter it in medieval records with "midwife".
2. 延續(xù)性用法
Brotherfive has been in this line of business for more than 20 years.（從過去剑勾，延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在）
since用法：
since表示自從...埃撵，從句多用短暫性動詞，主句一般用完成時態(tài)甥材，如果用延續(xù)性用詞或靜態(tài)動詞的過去式盯另，所表示的就是動作或狀態(tài)的完成或結(jié)束
Since he left Nanjing last year, i haven't heard from him.自從他去年離開南京，我就沒有收到過他的信洲赵。
Since he lived in Nanjing, I have not heard from him. (=Since he left Nanjing...)
She has written to me frequently since i was ill.（自從我病愈以來）
3. 特殊句型用法
（1）在after, as soon as, if, till, when等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中鸳惯，用現(xiàn)在完成時，代替將來完成時或一般現(xiàn)在時
I shall go to see you when i have finished my homework.
How can i concentrate if you have continually interrupting me with silly questions?
（2）It/This is the first (last, second, third...) time that...結(jié)構(gòu)中的that從句要求用現(xiàn)在完成時叠萍。
It/This is the second time that we've met each other. 這是我們第二次見面了芝发。
（3）It/This is the best(worst, most interesting) +n +that...結(jié)構(gòu)中的that從句要求用現(xiàn)在完成時
This is the most interesting novel he has ever written. 這是他所寫的最有趣的一部小說。
以上內(nèi)容根據(jù)大春老師網(wǎng)課整理
