最近使用Dokcer部署各種服務(wù)端所需的環(huán)境，目的是為了后面的服務(wù)器集群诀拭、負(fù)載均衡、數(shù)據(jù)庫集群做鋪墊煤蚌，以便準(zhǔn)備好服務(wù)器高并發(fā)耕挨、數(shù)據(jù)庫高并發(fā)提供測試環(huán)境。這里記錄一下Docker部署MySQL的過程尉桩，為下一步的數(shù)據(jù)庫讀寫分離筒占、垂直拆分、水平拆分蜘犁、數(shù)據(jù)庫集群等提供測試環(huán)境翰苫。
本次是在虛擬機(jī)安裝的CentOS上進(jìn)行的部署，首先安裝Docker
yum -y install docker
安裝完畢后啟動docker
systemctl start docker
添加開機(jī)啟動項
systemctl enable docker
到這里这橙，docker的安裝就算是完成了革骨，并且會隨系統(tǒng)重啟開機(jī)啟動。接下來部署MySQL析恋。首先，拉取MySQL鏡像盛卡，這里拉取的是5.7版本的mysql
docker pull mysql:5.7
跟之前部署nginx不同助隧，這次先不啟動，而是在虛擬機(jī)創(chuàng)建一個mysql的映射文件夾滑沧，以便后面映射本地配置文件并村、數(shù)據(jù)目錄、日志目錄到docker容器中滓技，首先在CentOS根目錄里面創(chuàng)建1個mysql文件夾
mkdir mysql
然后進(jìn)入mysql文件夾并創(chuàng)建三個額外的文件夾
cd mysql
mkdir conf
mkdir data
mkdir log
好了哩牍，切回根目錄，進(jìn)入到conf文件夾創(chuàng)建mysql的配置文件my.cnf
cd / #切換到根目錄
cd /mysql/conf
vi my.cnf
接下來令漂，輸入以下配置文件
配置文件中需要修改的只有兩部分內(nèi)容膝昆，我已經(jīng)標(biāo)注出來了丸边，一個是
指定server-id，一個是修改緩存池的大小荚孵，建議為內(nèi)存的70%即可
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[mysql]
prompt="\u@mysqldb \R:\m:\s [\d]> "
no-auto-rehash
[mysqld]
##########################################NEED SET#################################################
#主數(shù)據(jù)庫的id必須小于從數(shù)據(jù)庫的id
server-id = 1
###########################################SET END################################################
user = mysql
port = 3306
basedir = /usr
datadir = /var/lib/mysql/
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
pid-file = mysqldb.pid
character-set-server = utf8mb4
skip_name_resolve = 1
#若你的MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫主要運(yùn)行在境外妹窖，請務(wù)必根據(jù)實際情況調(diào)整本參數(shù)
default_time_zone = "+8:00"
open_files_limit = 65535
back_log = 1024
max_connections = 512
max_connect_errors = 1000000
table_open_cache = 1024
table_definition_cache = 1024
table_open_cache_instances = 64
thread_stack = 512K
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet = 32M
sort_buffer_size = 4M
join_buffer_size = 4M
thread_cache_size = 768
interactive_timeout = 600
wait_timeout = 600
tmp_table_size = 32M
max_heap_table_size = 32M
slow_query_log = 1
log_timestamps = SYSTEM
slow_query_log_file = /var/lib/mysql/slow.log
log-error = /var/lib/mysql/error.log
long_query_time = 0.1
log_queries_not_using_indexes =1
log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 60
min_examined_row_limit = 100
log_slow_admin_statements = 1
log_slow_slave_statements = 1
server-id = 3306
log-bin = /var/lib/mysql/mybinlog
sync_binlog = 1
binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_binlog_cache_size = 2G
max_binlog_size = 1G
#注意：MySQL 8.0開始，binlog_expire_logs_seconds選項也存在的話收叶，會忽略expire_logs_days選項
#expire_logs_days = 7
master_info_repository = TABLE
relay_log_info_repository = TABLE
gtid_mode = on
enforce_gtid_consistency = 1
log_slave_updates
slave-rows-search-algorithms = 'INDEX_SCAN,HASH_SCAN'
binlog_format = row
binlog_checksum = 1
relay_log_recovery = 1
relay-log-purge = 1
key_buffer_size = 32M
read_buffer_size = 8M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
lock_wait_timeout = 3600
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_sync_spin_loops = 100
innodb_spin_wait_delay = 30
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
##########################################NEED SET#################################################
#其他全部使用默認(rèn),這個地方的大小設(shè)置為內(nèi)存的70%即可
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 350M
###########################################SET END################################################
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 4
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 32M
innodb_log_file_size = 2G
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_max_undo_log_size = 4G
innodb_undo_directory = /var/lib/mysql/undolog
innodb_undo_tablespaces = 95
# 根據(jù)您的服務(wù)器IOPS能力適當(dāng)調(diào)整
# 一般配普通SSD盤的話骄呼，可以調(diào)整到 10000 - 20000
# 配置高端PCIe SSD卡的話，則可以調(diào)整的更高判没，比如 50000 - 80000
innodb_io_capacity = 4000
innodb_io_capacity_max = 8000
innodb_flush_sync = 0
innodb_flush_neighbors = 0
innodb_write_io_threads = 8
innodb_read_io_threads = 8
innodb_purge_threads = 4
innodb_page_cleaners = 4
innodb_open_files = 65535
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_lru_scan_depth = 4000
innodb_checksum_algorithm = crc32
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 10
innodb_rollback_on_timeout = 1
innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_online_alter_log_max_size = 4G
innodb_stats_on_metadata = 0
#注意：MySQL 8.0.16開始刪除該選項
internal_tmp_disk_storage_engine = InnoDB
# some var for MySQL 5.7
innodb_checksums = 1
#innodb_file_format = Barracuda
#innodb_file_format_max = Barracuda
query_cache_size = 0
query_cache_type = 0
innodb_undo_logs = 128
innodb_status_file = 1
#注意: 開啟 innodb_status_output & innodb_status_output_locks 后, 可能會導(dǎo)致log-error文件增長較快
innodb_status_output = 0
innodb_status_output_locks = 0
#performance_schema
performance_schema = 1
performance_schema_instrument = '%memory%=on'
performance_schema_instrument = '%lock%=on'
#innodb monitor
innodb_monitor_enable="module_innodb"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_server"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_dml"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_ddl"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_trx"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_os"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_purge"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_log"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_lock"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_buffer"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_index"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_ibuf_system"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_buffer_page"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_adaptive_hash"
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 32M
保存退出蜓萄，接下來，我們需要把虛擬機(jī)中的/mysql/conf映射到容器中的/etc/mysql/conf.d中澄峰，以使mysql啟動的時候可以加載到我們剛剛創(chuàng)建的my.cnf配置嫉沽。
現(xiàn)在我們來啟動一個新的容器，并且映射我們創(chuàng)建的文件到容器中
docker run -p 3306:3306 --name felix-mysql \
-v /mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d \
-v /mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 \
-d mysql:5.7
OK摊阀，此時耻蛇，查看正在運(yùn)行的容器
docker ps
結(jié)果如下(忽略我的5.6，實際上是5.7)
image
有些可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有運(yùn)行成功胞此，這是可以查看下log信息
docker logs xxx
失敗的話有可能是三個原因
虛擬機(jī)的
/mysql沒有權(quán)限chomod -R 777 /mysql chomod 644 /mysql/conf/my.cnf沒有關(guān)閉selinux
vi /etc/selinux/config #然后設(shè)置SELINUX=disabled保存后退出 reboot沒有關(guān)閉防火墻
systemctl stop firewalld systemctl disable firewalld reboot
現(xiàn)在使用workbench測試下我們的數(shù)據(jù)庫
image
然后在數(shù)據(jù)庫中創(chuàng)建兩個測試數(shù)據(jù)庫user,testdb1臣咖，然后在虛擬機(jī)的/mysql/data中查看是否數(shù)據(jù)庫文件是保存在映射的文件夾內(nèi)的
image
一切正常∈＃現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)成功使用Docker部署了MySQL夺蛇，其實也可以使用dockerfile來簡化過程，不過為了盡快做好測試環(huán)境酣胀，所以本文就不介紹了刁赦。
