前言
本文主要整理記錄一些學(xué)習(xí)SSM框架整合的筆記和心得郁妈,謝謝支持~
什么是SSM框架?
SSM框架即指Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis的簡稱鼓寺,相比于之前的SSH(Struts+Spring+Hibernate)配并,SSM更加輕量化和靈活光酣,是目前比較主流的java web開發(fā)框架勾缭。
SSM框架的組成揍障?
(1)Spring
??Spring是一個開源框架,Spring是于2003 年興起的一個輕量級的Java開發(fā)框架漫拭,由Rod Johnson 在其著作Expert One-On-One J2EE Development and Design中闡述的部分理念和原型衍生而來亚兄。它是為了解決企業(yè)應(yīng)用開發(fā)的復(fù)雜性而創(chuàng)建的混稽。Spring使用基本的JavaBean來完成以前只可能由EJB完成的事情采驻。然而,Spring的用途不僅限于服務(wù)器端的開發(fā)匈勋。從簡單性礼旅、可測試性和松耦合的角度而言,任何Java應(yīng)用都可以從Spring中受益洽洁。 簡單來說痘系,Spring是一個輕量級的控制反轉(zhuǎn)(IoC)和面向切面(AOP)的容器框架。
(2)SpringMVC
??Spring MVC屬于SpringFrameWork的后續(xù)產(chǎn)品饿自,已經(jīng)融合在Spring Web Flow里面汰翠。Spring MVC 分離了控制器、模型對象昭雌、分派器以及處理程序?qū)ο蟮慕巧椿剑@種分離讓它們更容易進(jìn)行定制。
(3)MyBatis
??MyBatis 本是apache的一個開源項(xiàng)目iBatis, 2010年這個項(xiàng)目由apache software foundation 遷移到了google code烛卧,并且改名為MyBatis 佛纫。MyBatis是一個基于Java的持久層框架。iBATIS提供的持久層框架包括SQL Maps和Data Access Objects(DAO)MyBatis 消除了幾乎所有的JDBC代碼和參數(shù)的手工設(shè)置以及結(jié)果集的檢索。MyBatis 使用簡單的 XML或注解用于配置和原始映射呈宇,將接口和 Java 的POJOs(Plain Old Java Objects好爬,普通的 Java對象)映射成數(shù)據(jù)庫中的記錄。
Maven
一個項(xiàng)目管理工具甥啄,簡單的理解為一種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的方式構(gòu)建項(xiàng)目存炮,一個清晰的方式定義項(xiàng)目的組成,一個容易的方式發(fā)布項(xiàng)目的信息蜈漓,以及一種簡單的方式在多個項(xiàng)目中共享JARs僵蛛。
環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備,正式開始
1.java環(huán)境的安裝和配置
2.Maven環(huán)境的安裝和配置
3.IDE:IntelliJ IDEA(這里出于個人喜好迎变,選用IntelliJ IDEA用于講解)
搭建SSM框架
一. 創(chuàng)建Maven項(xiàng)目
-
File -> New project充尉,進(jìn)入創(chuàng)建項(xiàng)目窗口,選擇Maven項(xiàng)目衣形。
(1)勾選Create from archetype
(2)選擇 maven-archetype-webapp
(3)點(diǎn)擊Next
-
輸入GroupId和Artifactld驼侠,點(diǎn)擊Next
-
選擇Maven home directory為maven安裝路徑,點(diǎn)擊Next
輸入Project name谆吴,點(diǎn)擊Finish倒源,完成Maven項(xiàng)目的創(chuàng)建
二.項(xiàng)目配置文件
1、pom.xml
創(chuàng)建Maven項(xiàng)目成功后工程結(jié)構(gòu)如下句狼,其中pom.xml為工程的項(xiàng)目對象模型笋熬,可以理解為工程的說明文件,主要描述工程信息腻菇、依賴對象胳螟、構(gòu)建方式等等信息。
在pom.xml中添加SSM框架相關(guān)jar包的依賴關(guān)系筹吐,pom.xml代碼如下(更具不同情況修改jar及版本):
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.demo</groupId>
<artifactId>ssm-demo</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>ssm-demo Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<!-- spring版本號 -->
<spring.version>4.2.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
<!-- mybatis版本號 -->
<mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version>
<!-- mysql驅(qū)動版本號 -->
<mysql-driver.version>5.1.29</mysql-driver.version>
<!-- log4j日志包版本號 -->
<slf4j.version>1.7.18</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- 添加jstl依賴 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
<version>7.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加junit4依賴 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<!-- 指定范圍糖耸,在測試時才會加載 -->
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加spring核心依賴 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加mybatis依賴 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加mybatis/spring整合包依賴 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加mysql驅(qū)動依賴 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql-driver.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加數(shù)據(jù)庫連接池依賴 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加fastjson -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.1.41</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加日志相關(guān)jar包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log end -->
<!-- 映入JSON -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
<version>1.9.13</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>1.9</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>ssmdemo</finalName>
</build>
</project>
2、 添加SSM框架相關(guān)配置文件(根據(jù)本身環(huán)境配置)
(1)丘薛、在resources
文件夾下依次創(chuàng)建jdbc.properties
嘉竟、log4j.properties
、spring-mvc.xml
洋侨、spring-mybatis.xml
四個空文件
(2)舍扰、依次將jdbc.properties
、log4j.properties
希坚、spring-mvc.xml
边苹、spring-mybatis.xml
代碼填入相應(yīng)文件
jdbc.properties
driverClasss=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm_db?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull
username=root
password=root
#定義初始連接數(shù)
initialSize=0
#定義最大連接數(shù)
maxActive=20
#定義最大空閑
maxIdle=20
#定義最小空閑
minIdle=1
#定義最長等待時間
maxWait=60000
log4j.properties
log4j.rootLogger=INFO,Console,File
#控制臺日志
log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Console.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.Console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=[%p][%t][%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss}][%C] - %m%n
#普通文件日志
log4j.appender.File=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.File.File=logs/ssm.log
log4j.appender.File.MaxFileSize=10MB
#輸出日志,如果換成DEBUG表示輸出DEBUG以上級別日志
log4j.appender.File.Threshold=ALL
log4j.appender.File.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.File.layout.ConversionPattern=[%p][%t][%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss}][%C] - %m%n
spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 自動掃描 @Controller-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.demo.controller"/>
<!--避免IE執(zhí)行AJAX時吏够,返回JSON出現(xiàn)下載文件 -->
<bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 啟動SpringMVC的注解功能勾给,完成請求和注解POJO的映射 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"/> <!-- JSON轉(zhuǎn)換器 -->
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 定義跳轉(zhuǎn)的文件的前后綴 滩报,視圖模式配置 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!-- 文件上傳配置 -->
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!-- 默認(rèn)編碼 -->
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
<!-- 上傳文件大小限制為31M,31*1024*1024 -->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="32505856"/>
<!-- 內(nèi)存中的最大值 -->
<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="4096"/>
</bean>
</beans>
spring-mybatis.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!-- 自動掃描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.demo"/>
<!-- 第一種方式:加載一個properties文件 -->
<bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
</bean>
<!-- 第二種方式:加載多個properties文件
<bean id="configProperties" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean">
<property name="locations">
<list>
<value>classpath:jdbc.properties</value>
<value>classpath:common.properties</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="fileEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
</bean>
<bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PreferencesPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="properties" ref="configProperties"/>
</bean>
-->
<!-- 第三種方式:加載加密 value properties的文件--!>
<!-- 配置數(shù)據(jù)源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${driverClasss}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbcUrl}"/>
<property name="username" value="${username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${password}"/>
<!-- 初始化連接大小 -->
<property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"></property>
<!-- 連接池最大數(shù)量 -->
<property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}"></property>
<!-- 連接池最大空閑 -->
<property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"></property>
<!-- 連接池最小空閑 -->
<property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"></property>
<!-- 獲取連接最大等待時間 -->
<property name="maxWait" value="${maxWait}"></property>
</bean>
<!-- mybatis和spring完美整合播急,不需要mybatis的配置映射文件 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!-- 自動掃描mapping.xml文件 -->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mappers/*.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!-- DAO接口所在包名脓钾,Spring會自動查找其下的類 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.demo.dao"/>
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<!-- (事務(wù)管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!-- (事務(wù)管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>
(3)、在webapp文件夾下的WEB-INF文件夾下修改web.xml
為以下內(nèi)容:
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
version="3.0">
<display-name>ssm-demo</display-name>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath:spring-mybatis.xml桩警,
classpath:log4j.properties
</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 編碼過濾器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- spring監(jiān)聽器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 防止spring內(nèi)存溢出監(jiān)聽器可训,比如quartz -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- spring mvc servlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
<async-supported>true</async-supported>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<!-- 此處也可以配置成 *.do 形式 -->
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- session配置 -->
<session-config>
<session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>
總結(jié)
此處創(chuàng)建Maven工程和SSM框架所需的基本配置都已經(jīng)完成了。
接著講解SSM框架的基本工程結(jié)構(gòu)的搭建捶枢。
下篇文章將接著講解SSM框架的基本工程結(jié)構(gòu)的搭建握截。如何使用Maven搭建SSM框架(2)
感謝
感謝Wwwwei作者的文章,如何使用Maven搭建SSM框架(1)對我有很大的啟發(fā)烂叔。