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2017年美賽F題賽題

2017ICM Problem F: Migration to Mars: Utopian Workforce of the 2100 Urban Society

Theinternational agency, Laboratory of Interstellar Financial & ExplorationPolicy (LIFE), has recently (in this year of 2095) completed a series ofshort-term planned living experiments on our neighbor planet, Mars. Newtechnologies, including personalized artificial augmentations units, will soonenable humans to inhabit manufactured cities on Mars by 2100. The first wave ofmigration, called Population Zero, will include 10,000 people.

TheLIFE agency launched project UTOPIA: 2100, with the goal of creating an optimalworkforce for the 22nd century to give all people the greatest quality of lifewith a vision of sustainability for the next 100 years. Over the last 20 years,several planned communities have been designed and built across Earth thattested several planned living conditions. These communities are driven byegalitarian principles in economics, government, workforce, and justicesystems.

LIFEis seeking a set of mathematical and computational models that will inform theInternational Coalition on Mars (ICM) government on how to design aneconomicworkforce-education system that they can implement with PopulationZero. In order to decide what procedure to follow, LIFE has hired the mostqualified policy makers and data scientists with the goal to develop a set ofpolicies to realize the migration to Mars. Your three-person policy modelingteam is part of the group of advisors and policy makers. ICM has asked yourgroup for a policy model and report that will result in a set of policyrecommendations that will create a sustainable life-plan and will make theliving experience on Mars in the year 2100 even better than the Earthly one inthe current year of 2095.

Newtools in network science, systems science, complex systems, organizational& industrial psychology, and other interdisciplinary fields provide newinsights for understanding social and governmental systems, with importantcapabilities to deal with issues of scalability (relevant for both small andlarge populations and effects), modality (multiple layers), and dynamics(changes over time).

PopulationZero aims to have optimal conditions in many workforce and social livingfactors (note that another team is being tasked with health policy, so ICM hasasked that you exclude health care from your analysis). The mission ofPopulation Zero is to create a sustainable society by maximizing both economicoutput (GDP) and happiness in the work place for its citizens. Of course, thesetwo goals can be in opposition, so the policy recommendation has to considerbalancing factors, such as:

●Income: Ensure adequate compensation so that all people can afford fundamentalnecessities (shelter, food, clothes).

●Education: Provide high quality education that prepares citizens for the needsand challenges of the 22nd Century.

●Equality: Improve the retention of women in the workforce, particularly infields where they have been underrepresented or discriminated against on Earth.

YourICM-directed tasks are:

1.Define parameters and specific outcomes related to the three priority factors(income, education, and social equality) in Population Zero. Some issues toconsider are: a) minimum wage and salary distribution (income); b) skillsrequired for an efficient workforce; types of governance and infrastructureneeded to obtain these skills (education); and c) maternity and paternityleave, affordable childcare to ensure people can remain in the workforce(social equality).

a.Identify and define the specific outcomes that would indicate positive resultsacross the three factors for the next decade (years 2100-2110). Consider whatthe goal is for each of these factors; for example, is the objective to improvethe quality of living for all citizens or improve quantity of output of thesystem.

b.What are the major features of the population (eg. demographics, populationsize, and working conditions) that would contribute to these outcomes?

c.Create metrics that you will use to evaluate whether the system is meeting itsobjective by identifying and defining the critical parameters for each of thethree factors.

2.You have been asked to generate a sample population of 10,000 people toemigrate to Mars. Extract data from a census dataset (link to one is providedbelow) or synthesize one.

a.From your data set, identify and analyze the demographic characteristics ofthis simulation of Population Zero. Analyze and describe demographicdistributions, such as gender, ethnicity, age, and education levels.

b.Consider the distribution of citizens in terms of factors that will also helpto meet goals of UTOPIA: 2100 – to build a peaceful, cooperative, Link to PUMSdata (if you desire to use this census data):

PUMS data can be found via following links:

http://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/technicaldocumentation/pums.html

http://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/data/pums/2015/1- Year/ o

Theselinks show how to extract the data in R:

https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/base/html/sample.html

https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/sampling/sampling.pdf

This link show how to extract the data in MATLAB:

https://www.mathworks.com/help/stats/datasample.html?requestedDomain=www.mathworks.com

3.Build a model that includes the three identified factors (income, education,& social equality). Using the parameters that you created in task 1, definethe key elements of a successful society for the next 10 years. Whenintegrating these three factors, what are the critical interdependencies amongthe parameters? Are there additional constraints required to preserve theoutcomes over the 10 year period? How often should the model be evaluated toensure the goals of UTOPIA 2100 continue to be met? What might be economic,social, cultural, and other global factors that might affect the viability ofthe model over that period? Based on these factors and constraints, answer thefollowing:

a.Determine the optimal minimum wage and salary distribution to best manage thetension between wellbeing (higher quality of life) and support for those lessequipped to provide labor services.

b.Identify terms in your model that can be most improved through contribution ofnew ideas. Describe the incentives to motivate contribution of those new ideas.

c.What is the best childcare and paternity/maternity leave strategies?

4.Now that you have created models for the three factors, proceed to merge thesemodels into a global model. In task 3, you designed a model to provide optimaloutcomes for society, at large. Now, consider how the model will function fordifferent groups?

a.Identify the major subgroups of your workforce, and identify their mainpriorities. For example, unskilled labor force might be concerned with workhours, disability care, child care, and minimum wage, while the priorities ofthe professional workforce may be time off, training, and parental leave. Yourmodel will dictate which subgroups you consider. You might have to develop newparameters to adequately evaluate each groups’ priorities.

b.With the understanding that each group will have a different set of needs, perspectives,and criteria for success, analyze how closely their needs are met in terms ofincome, education, and equality. For example, does your model functiondifferently across educational levels? Different ages? Different culturalvalues? Does your model function better for women or men? How are familiesaffected?

c.With the consideration of the subgroups that you have identified, your previousmodel may no longer produce optimal outcomes. Adjust the model by adding newconstraints or parameters to optimize the needs of the different subgroups. Thegoal is to maximize the priority outcomes of the subgroups withoutsignificantly reducing the global outcomes.

5.LIFE has planned additional migration phased over the next 100-years.

a.How sensitive is your model to the population selection for various migrationphases? Does the demographic distribution of this population significantlychange the outcomes? How does your sampling procedure affect your model? Ifmigration and growth in future years will be similar to Population Zero (10,000people in a new manufactured city at a time), how would you change your modelfor the next few migrations? How sustainable are your recruitment and selectionprocesses?

b.Is this long-term plan substantially different than the 10-year plan? Are thereelements in your 10-year vision and recommendations that are not sustainablefor the 100 year vision? Identify any new parameters or constraints that willensure your model continues to be effective for the entire 22nd century.

6.In shocking news, scientists discover a threat of a collision of Earth with aplanet sized comet. We need to evacuate planet Earth and move as many people aspossible to Mars to live in enlarged manufactured cities.

a.Is your model still functional? Would it make a difference if migrationsoccurred in phases?

b.Study the robustness of your model and comment on its general sensitivity to amuch larger scale migration.

c.State the strengths and weaknesses of your model relative to a major migration.

7.Write a policy recommendation addressed to the director of LIFE that includesthe factors of income, education, equality policies based on your model andaccording to the directions of ICM. Will your recommendations change dependingon the composition and size of the Population Zero? Explain the reasoning thatled you to your recommendations and analyze the results you are expecting toachieve.

YourICM submission should consist of a 1 page Summary Sheet, a 1-2 page policyrecommendation, and your solution (not to exceed 20 pages) for a maximum of 23pages. Note: The appendix and references do not count toward the 23 page limit.

References:

https://www.kansascityfed.org/publications/community/transformworkforce

https://www.kansascityfed.org/~/media/files/publicat/community/workforce/transformingworkforcedevelopment/book/transformingworkforcedevelopmentpolicies.pdf

http://www.economist.com/blogs/freeexchange/2012/01/chinas-labour-force

? 2017年美賽F題賽題翻譯

2017年ICM問(wèn)題F：向火星遷移：2100城市社會(huì)的烏托邦勞動(dòng)力

國(guó)際機(jī)構(gòu)溢吻，星際金融與勘探政策實(shí)驗(yàn)室（LIFE）最近（在今年的2095年）完成了對(duì)我們的鄰居星球火星的一系列短期計(jì)劃生活實(shí)驗(yàn)找岖。包括個(gè)性化人工增強(qiáng)裝置在內(nèi)的新技術(shù)將很快使人類(lèi)能夠在2100年之前居住在火星上的制造城市荣德。第一波遷移吗氏，稱(chēng)為人口零，將包括10,000人暑脆。

LIFE機(jī)構(gòu)啟動(dòng)了項(xiàng)目UTOPIA：2100箱亿，其目標(biāo)是為22世紀(jì)創(chuàng)造最佳勞動(dòng)力，為所有人提供最佳生活質(zhì)量贱呐，并在未來(lái)100年內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展愿景丧诺。在過(guò)去的20年中，在地球上設(shè)計(jì)和建造了幾個(gè)規(guī)劃的社區(qū)奄薇，測(cè)試了幾個(gè)計(jì)劃的生活條件驳阎。這些社區(qū)由經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)，政府，勞動(dòng)力和司法系統(tǒng)中的平等主義原則驅(qū)動(dòng)呵晚。

LIFE正在尋求一套數(shù)學(xué)和計(jì)算模型蜘腌，這將為國(guó)際火星聯(lián)盟（ICM）政府提供如何設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)他們可以與人口零度實(shí)施的經(jīng)濟(jì)勞動(dòng)力教育系統(tǒng)的信息。為了確定要遵循的程序饵隙，LIFE聘請(qǐng)了最合格的決策者和數(shù)據(jù)科學(xué)家撮珠，目標(biāo)是制定一套政策來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)向火星的遷移。您的三人政策建模團(tuán)隊(duì)是顧問(wèn)和決策者團(tuán)隊(duì)的一部分金矛。 ICM已經(jīng)向您的小組詢(xún)問(wèn)了一個(gè)政策模型和報(bào)告芯急，這將產(chǎn)生一系列政策建議，這些建議將創(chuàng)建一個(gè)可持續(xù)的生活計(jì)劃驶俊，并將使2100年火星上的生活體驗(yàn)甚至比當(dāng)年的地球生活體驗(yàn)更好娶耍。

網(wǎng)絡(luò)科學(xué)，系統(tǒng)科學(xué)饼酿，復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)伺绽，組織和工業(yè)心理學(xué)以及其他跨學(xué)科領(lǐng)域的新工具為理解社會(huì)和政府系統(tǒng)提供了新的見(jiàn)解，具有處理可擴(kuò)展性問(wèn)題的重要能力（與小型和大型人群及影響相關(guān)））嗜湃，模態(tài)（多層）和動(dòng)態(tài)（隨時(shí)間變化）奈应。

人口零度旨在為許多勞動(dòng)力和社會(huì)生活因素提供最佳條件（請(qǐng)注意，另一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)正在執(zhí)行健康政策购披，因此ICM要求您從分析中排除醫(yī)療保秸日酢）。人口零的使命是通過(guò)最大限度地提高公民的工作場(chǎng)所的經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)出（GDP）和幸福來(lái)創(chuàng)造一個(gè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的社會(huì)刚陡。當(dāng)然惩妇，這兩個(gè)目標(biāo)可能是對(duì)立的，因此政策建議必須考慮平衡因素筐乳，例如：

●收入：確保適當(dāng)?shù)难a(bǔ)償歌殃，以便所有人都能負(fù)擔(dān)得起基本必需品（住所，食物蝙云，衣服）氓皱。

●教育：提供高質(zhì)量的教育，使公民為22世紀(jì)的需求和挑戰(zhàn)做好準(zhǔn)備勃刨。

●平等：提高婦女在勞動(dòng)力中的保留率波材，特別是在地球上代表性不足或受到歧視的領(lǐng)域。

您的ICM指導(dǎo)任務(wù)是：

1.確定人口零點(diǎn)中與三個(gè)優(yōu)先因素（收入身隐，教育和社會(huì)平等）相關(guān)的參數(shù)和具體結(jié)果廷区。需要考慮的一些問(wèn)題是：a）最低工資和工資分配（收入）; b）高效勞動(dòng)力所需的技能; 獲得這些技能所需的治理類(lèi)型和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施（教育）; c）產(chǎn)假和陪產(chǎn)假，負(fù)擔(dān)得起的兒童保育贾铝，以確保人們能夠留在勞動(dòng)力隊(duì)伍中（社會(huì)平等）隙轻。

a）確定并確定具體結(jié)果埠帕，這些結(jié)果將表明未來(lái)十年（2100-2110年）三個(gè)因素的積極結(jié)果【谅蹋考慮每個(gè)因素的目標(biāo)是什么; 例如搞监，目標(biāo)是改善所有公民的生活質(zhì)量或提高系統(tǒng)的產(chǎn)出量。

b）人口的主要特征（如人口統(tǒng)計(jì)镰矿，人口規(guī)模和工作條件）會(huì)對(duì)這些結(jié)果產(chǎn)生什么影響？

c）通過(guò)識(shí)別和定義三個(gè)因素中每個(gè)因素的關(guān)鍵參數(shù)俘种，創(chuàng)建用于評(píng)估系統(tǒng)是否滿(mǎn)足其目標(biāo)的度量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)秤标。

2.您被要求生成10,000人的樣本人口以移民到火星。從人口普查數(shù)據(jù)集中提取數(shù)據(jù)（下面提供了一個(gè)鏈接）或合成一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)集宙刘。

a）從您的數(shù)據(jù)集中苍姜，識(shí)別并分析此人口零模擬的人口統(tǒng)計(jì)特征。分析和描述人口統(tǒng)計(jì)分布悬包，例如性別衙猪，種族，年齡和教育水平布近。

b）考慮公民在有助于實(shí)現(xiàn)UTOPIA目標(biāo)的因素方面的分布：2100? - 建立和平垫释，合作，PUMS數(shù)據(jù)鏈接（如果您希望使用此人口普查數(shù)據(jù)）：

PUMS數(shù)據(jù)可通過(guò)以下鏈接找到：

http：//www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/technicaldocumentation/pums.html

http://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/data/pums/2015/1- Year/ o

這些鏈接顯示了如何在R中提取數(shù)據(jù)：

https：//stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/base/html/sample.html

https：//cran.r-project.org/web/packages/sampling/sampling.pdf

此鏈接顯示如何在MATLAB中提取數(shù)據(jù)：

https：//www.mathworks.com/help/stats/datasample.htmlrequestedDomain=www.mathworks.com

3.建立一個(gè)包含三個(gè)已確定因素（收入撑瞧，教育和社會(huì)平等）的模型棵譬。使用您在任務(wù)1中創(chuàng)建的參數(shù)，定義未來(lái)10年成功社會(huì)的關(guān)鍵要素预伺。在整合這三個(gè)因素時(shí)订咸，參數(shù)之間的關(guān)鍵相互依賴(lài)性是什么？是否需要額外的限制來(lái)保持10年期間的結(jié)果酬诀？應(yīng)該多久評(píng)估一次模型脏嚷，以確保繼續(xù)滿(mǎn)足UTOPIA2100的目標(biāo)？可能影響該時(shí)期模型可行性的經(jīng)濟(jì)瞒御，社會(huì)父叙，文化和其他全球因素是什么？基于這些因素和約束肴裙，請(qǐng)回答以下問(wèn)題：

a）確定最佳的最低工資和工資分配高每，以最好地管理福利（更高的生活質(zhì)量）與支持那些設(shè)施較差的人提供勞務(wù)服務(wù)之間的緊張關(guān)系。

b）通過(guò)新想法的貢獻(xiàn)践宴，確定模型中可以最大程度改進(jìn)的術(shù)語(yǔ)鲸匿。描述激勵(lì)這些新想法的貢獻(xiàn)的動(dòng)機(jī)。

c）什么是最好的托兒和陪產(chǎn)假/產(chǎn)假策略阻肩？

4.現(xiàn)在您已經(jīng)為這三個(gè)因子創(chuàng)建了模型带欢，繼續(xù)將這些模型合并到一個(gè)全局模型中运授。在任務(wù)3中，您設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)模型乔煞，為整個(gè)社會(huì)提供最佳結(jié)果∮蹼現(xiàn)在，考慮一下該模型如何適用于不同的群體渡贾？

a）確定您的員工的主要子群逗宜，并確定他們的主要優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。例如空骚，非熟練勞動(dòng)力可能與工作時(shí)間纺讲，殘疾護(hù)理，兒童保育和最低工資有關(guān)囤屹，而專(zhuān)業(yè)勞動(dòng)力的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)可能是休假熬甚，培訓(xùn)和育兒假。您的模型將決定您考慮的子組肋坚。您可能必須開(kāi)發(fā)新參數(shù)以充分評(píng)估每個(gè)組的優(yōu)先級(jí)乡括。

b）了解每個(gè)小組將有不同的需求，觀點(diǎn)和成功標(biāo)準(zhǔn)智厌，分析他們?cè)谑杖牖迕冢逃推降确矫娴男枨笥卸嘟咏＠缦撑簦哪Ｐ驮诮逃缴系墓δ苁欠癫煌到福坎煌挲g段？不同的文化價(jià)值吝沫？您的模型對(duì)女性或男性有效嗎呻澜？家庭如何受到影響？

c）考慮到您已識(shí)別的子組惨险，您之前的模型可能不再產(chǎn)生最佳結(jié)果羹幸。通過(guò)添加新約束或參數(shù)來(lái)調(diào)整模型，以?xún)?yōu)化不同子組的需求辫愉。目標(biāo)是在不顯著降低全球結(jié)果的情況下最大化子組的優(yōu)先結(jié)果栅受。

5.LIFE計(jì)劃在未來(lái)100年內(nèi)逐步實(shí)施額外遷移。

a）您的模型對(duì)各種遷移階段的人口選擇有多敏感恭朗？這一人口的人口分布是否會(huì)顯著改變結(jié)果屏镊？您的抽樣程序如何影響您的模型？如果未來(lái)幾年的遷移和增長(zhǎng)與人口零度（一次新制造城市中的10,000人）相似痰腮，那么您將如何更改下一次遷移的模型而芥？您的招聘和選拔流程有多可持續(xù)？

b）這個(gè)長(zhǎng)期計(jì)劃與10年計(jì)劃有很大不同嗎膀值？您的10年愿景和建議中是否存在不可持續(xù)的100年愿景棍丐？確定任何新的參數(shù)或約束误辑，以確保您的模型在整個(gè)22世紀(jì)繼續(xù)有效。

6.令人震驚的消息是歌逢，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了地球與行星大小的彗星碰撞的威脅巾钉。我們需要撤離地球，讓盡可能多的人遷移到火星秘案，以便生活在擴(kuò)大的制造城市中砰苍。

a）你的模型還能運(yùn)作嗎？如果遷移分階段發(fā)生會(huì)有所不同嗎阱高？

b）研究模型的穩(wěn)健性赚导，并評(píng)論其對(duì)更大規(guī)模遷移的一般敏感性。

d）說(shuō)明模型相對(duì)于主要遷移的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)讨惩。

7.撰寫(xiě)針對(duì)LIFE主任的政策建議，其中包括基于您的模型和ICM方向的收入寒屯，教育荐捻，平等政策等因素。您的建議會(huì)根據(jù)人口零點(diǎn)的構(gòu)成和大小而改變嗎寡夹？解釋導(dǎo)致您提出建議并分析您期望實(shí)現(xiàn)的結(jié)果的原因处面。

您的ICM提交應(yīng)包含1頁(yè)摘要表，1-2頁(yè)政策建議和您的解決方案（不超過(guò)20頁(yè)）菩掏，最多23頁(yè)魂角。注意：附錄和參考文獻(xiàn)不計(jì)入23頁(yè)限制。

參考文獻(xiàn)：

https://www.kansascityfed.org/publications/community/transformworkforce

https://www.kansascityfed.org/~/media/files/publicat/community/workforce/transformingworkforcedevelopment/book/transformingworkforcedevelopmentpolicies.pdf

http://www.economist.com/blogs/freeexchange/2012/01/chinas-labour-force

?2017年美賽F題優(yōu)秀論文解讀

2017年美國(guó)大學(xué)生數(shù)學(xué)建模競(jìng)賽有800支隊(duì)伍選擇了F題智绸，其中有4支隊(duì)伍獲得了特等獎(jiǎng)野揪。他們分別是64486、68940瞧栗、72197斯稳、72283，我們對(duì)這4篇特等獎(jiǎng)?wù)撐倪M(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)單的分析迹恐，結(jié)果如下：

（1）64486隊(duì)伍提出了一種在可持續(xù)性范圍內(nèi)最大限度地提高勞動(dòng)力經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)出和工作滿(mǎn)意度的模型挣惰。建立了一個(gè)自適應(yīng)系統(tǒng)，并對(duì)其動(dòng)力學(xué)進(jìn)行了定義.而且用真實(shí)世界的人口普查數(shù)據(jù)(PAMS2015[1])對(duì)該系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行模擬殴边，以找到最優(yōu)可行的解決方案憎茂。首先，他們構(gòu)建了一個(gè)參數(shù)框架锤岸，其中包含了三個(gè)方面的變量：收入竖幔、教育和社會(huì)平等。從普查數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中存在的基本參數(shù)得出了揭示社會(huì)特征的指標(biāo)是偷。

通過(guò)層次分析法赏枚，他們確定了關(guān)鍵參數(shù)亡驰，其中幸福指數(shù)是評(píng)價(jià)公民幸福狀況的重要綜合指標(biāo)。第二饿幅，他們制定了選擇10000名移民的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)凡辱。第三，他們建立了一個(gè)模型來(lái)模擬種群零的動(dòng)態(tài)演化栗恩。并用人口學(xué)透乾、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和幸福指數(shù)詳細(xì)地討論了一個(gè)樣本結(jié)果。此外磕秤，還利用這個(gè)模型找到了經(jīng)濟(jì)更快發(fā)展和社會(huì)福利更好這兩個(gè)矛盾目標(biāo)之間的平衡點(diǎn)乳乌。通過(guò)對(duì)人口數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行主成分分析，他們將成功社會(huì)的關(guān)鍵要素定義為高平均家庭收入市咆、高最低工資和低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差汉操。并采用遺傳算法求解三目標(biāo)優(yōu)化問(wèn)題.接下來(lái)，他們將收入蒙兰、教育和社會(huì)平等的模型合并成一個(gè)全球模型磷瘤，并在不同的社會(huì)群體中進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)。他們將這些子組劃分為專(zhuān)業(yè)工人和非熟練工人搜变。建立了一個(gè)非線性規(guī)劃模型采缚，確定了不同子組之間的資源分配策略。最后從復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論的角度研究移民潮的影響挠他。他們建立了一個(gè)無(wú)標(biāo)度的復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)扳抽，用擁有小型的世界財(cái)產(chǎn)以代表包括火星居民和新移民在內(nèi)的所有個(gè)人之間的人際關(guān)系。

（2）68940隊(duì)伍建立了一個(gè)agent-based的模型殖侵，利用美國(guó)人口普查局的職業(yè)收入數(shù)據(jù)贸呢，模擬火星上1萬(wàn)名代理商的真實(shí)世界數(shù)據(jù)。為了最大限度地提高社會(huì)福利和生產(chǎn)力拢军，他們選擇了監(jiān)測(cè)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況贮尉，并制定衡量基于代理的因素對(duì)社區(qū)福祉的影響的指標(biāo)。測(cè)量了這些代理產(chǎn)生的社區(qū)的多個(gè)參數(shù)朴沿，這使得我們能夠評(píng)估經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況猜谚。根據(jù)這些參數(shù)，我們生成了三個(gè)度量指標(biāo)：收入度量I赌渣、教育度量E和平等度量Q魏铅。此外，他們的模型還包括幾個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)和特性坚芜，如通貨膨脹率览芳、累進(jìn)稅制、總投資和政府債務(wù)等鸿竖。利用他們的模型沧竟，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)最佳初始人口的平均年齡為37歲铸敏，創(chuàng)新者與生產(chǎn)者的比例為1：10。對(duì)他們的指標(biāo)的分析表明悟泵，假設(shè)存在基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施杈笔，火星社會(huì)可以支持1萬(wàn)多人從地球上緊急遷移。事實(shí)證明，政府控制通貨膨脹對(duì)維持人民的購(gòu)買(mǎi)力至關(guān)重要。

（3）72197隊(duì)伍發(fā)現(xiàn)地球上的人類(lèi)文明日益受到收入不平等沼沈、非生產(chǎn)性教育系統(tǒng)和基于性別的歧視的困擾。在了解了這一問(wèn)題的復(fù)雜性之后疮茄，他們的模型側(cè)重于改進(jìn)這三個(gè)缺點(diǎn)。在收入模式中，他們的目標(biāo)是通過(guò)實(shí)施北歐社會(huì)模式來(lái)減少收入不平等。因此篱昔，他們的最低工資是20，000元始腾，而累進(jìn)稅率則會(huì)隨入息而增加州刽，直至上限達(dá)到50%為止。他們用基尼系數(shù)來(lái)衡量不平等窘茁，把它從0.58降到0.33怀伦，這接近北歐的水平脆烟。在教育模式中山林，他們使用加權(quán)決策矩陣，根據(jù)不同學(xué)科對(duì)社會(huì)所支持的價(jià)值觀和經(jīng)濟(jì)應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域的貢獻(xiàn)邢羔，對(duì)不同學(xué)科進(jìn)行排序驼抹。在社會(huì)平等模型中，利用機(jī)會(huì)成本分析方法拜鹤，根據(jù)托兒費(fèi)用和其他人口數(shù)據(jù)框冀，模擬男女勞動(dòng)力的保留率。從這里敏簿，確定了7明也，500美元的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)托兒費(fèi)用以及同等長(zhǎng)度的產(chǎn)假和陪產(chǎn)假。他們將教育和社會(huì)平等模式與所得稅模式結(jié)合起來(lái)惯裕，以驗(yàn)證其政策在經(jīng)濟(jì)上是可行的温数。在嘗試建立一個(gè)烏托邦社會(huì)時(shí)，他們也考慮到他們的模式在其范圍上的局限性蜻势。

（4）72283隊(duì)伍創(chuàng)建一組定量支持的模型撑刺，以評(píng)估人口零度火星上的殖民地的各種屬性和結(jié)果。首先握玛，他們?yōu)槿齻€(gè)優(yōu)先級(jí)因素中的收入够傍，教育和平等定義了重要的指標(biāo)和評(píng)估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)甫菠。將收入分解為經(jīng)濟(jì)效率和經(jīng)濟(jì)平等，他們決定將GDP冕屯，基尼系數(shù)和社會(huì)最低工資作為主要指標(biāo)寂诱。最后，從性別和文化角度考慮了平等愕撰，使用了一種稱(chēng)為不相似的度量刹衫。當(dāng)被要求分析人口統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)和人口因素零對(duì)火星上殖民地的結(jié)構(gòu)和目標(biāo)至關(guān)重要時(shí)，他們通過(guò)維度分析確定了火星上的農(nóng)民生產(chǎn)力與基本的人類(lèi)消費(fèi)需求搞挣，大約25％的零人口將是農(nóng)民带迟。此外，準(zhǔn)馬爾可夫鏈模型使他們能夠確定年齡的最佳初始分布囱桨，并且通過(guò)邏輯仓犬，我們將人口平均分為男性和女性。接下來(lái)舍肠，他們通過(guò)為每個(gè)優(yōu)先領(lǐng)域開(kāi)發(fā)模型搀继，將先前確定的指標(biāo)應(yīng)用于收入，教育和平等翠语。他們基于不同的模擬揭示了收入平等和社會(huì)平等之間的權(quán)衡叽躯，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)合理長(zhǎng)度的育兒假。隨后肌括，他們將三個(gè)模型整合為一個(gè)模型点骑，以評(píng)估不同子群體在社會(huì)中的滿(mǎn)意度，作為我們主要優(yōu)先領(lǐng)域的一個(gè)功能谍夭。在他們的每個(gè)關(guān)鍵參數(shù)（如GDP和不相似性）上開(kāi)發(fā)并應(yīng)用基于數(shù)據(jù)的權(quán)重黑滴，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵參數(shù)的值是強(qiáng)值。他們意識(shí)到移民可以通過(guò)多種方式進(jìn)行紧索，我們分析了三種截然不同的移民方法/政策對(duì)年齡分布和經(jīng)濟(jì)影響的影響袁辈，以便了解哪些移民方法/政策相對(duì)可持續(xù)。繼而發(fā)現(xiàn)珠漂，逐漸遷移是將新種群引入原始殖民地的最佳形式晚缩。

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