寫在前面
弄了下個(gè)人站...防止內(nèi)容再次被鎖定...所有東西都在這里面
welcome~
個(gè)人博客
用C語言實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)動態(tài)數(shù)組，并對外暴露出對數(shù)組的增、刪、改凡蚜、查函數(shù)
（可以存儲任意類型的元素并實(shí)現(xiàn)內(nèi)存管理）
這里我的編譯器就是xcode
分析：
模擬存放 一個(gè) People類 有2個(gè)屬性 字符串類型:姓名 整型:年齡
array 結(jié)構(gòu)體 應(yīng)當(dāng)有 數(shù)組長度:length 空間:capacity 存儲對象:value(任意類型)
構(gòu)造一個(gè)任意對象類.擁有retainCount屬性.為內(nèi)存計(jì)數(shù)器
使用一次retainCount+1,當(dāng)retainCount為0時(shí) 釋放該對象指向的內(nèi)存
貼出部分代碼
// Object.h
#ifndef Object_h
#define Object_h
#include <stdio>
//定義結(jié)構(gòu)體
typedef struct Object{
int retainCount;
}Object;
//宏定義方法 方便書寫
#define OBJECTRETAIN(obj) objectRetain((Object*)obj)
#define OBJECTRELEASE(obj) objectRelease((Object*)obj)
#define GETRETAINCOUNT(obj) getRetainCount((Object*)obj)
void objectRetain(Object *obj);
void objectRelease(Object *obj);
int getRetainCount(Object *obj);
#endif /* Object_h */
// Object.c
#include "Object.h"
#include <stdlib>
void objectRetain(Object *obj) {
obj->retainCount ++;
// printf("retain計(jì)數(shù)+1 = %d\n",obj->retainCount);
}
void objectRelease(Object *obj) {
obj->retainCount --;
if (obj->retainCount <= 0) {
free(obj);
}
// printf("retain計(jì)數(shù)-1 = %d\n",obj->retainCount);
}
//獲得當(dāng)前計(jì)數(shù)
int getRetainCount(Object *obj) {
return obj->retainCount;
}
下面開始封裝.
首先是對原始數(shù)據(jù)的封裝.
- 將char* 字符串類型 封裝成String
// String.h
#ifndef String_h
#define String_h
#include <stdio>
typedef struct String{
int retainCount;
char *value;
}String;
String* newString(char* value);
char* getStringValue(String* ins);
#endif /* String_h */
// String.c
#include "String.h"
#include <stdlib>
#include "Object.h"
String* newString(char* value){
String *str = malloc(sizeof(String));
OBJECTRETAIN(str);
str->value = value;
return str;
}
char* getStringValue(String* ins){
return ins->value;
}
- 2.將年齡的類型int封裝成Interger
// Integer.h
#ifndef Integer_h
#define Integer_h
#include <stdio>
typedef struct Integer{
int retainCount;
int value;
}Integer;
Integer* newInteger(int value);
int getIntegerValue(Integer* ins);
#endif /* Integer_h */
// Integer.c
#include "Integer.h"
#include <stdlib>
#include "Object.h"
Integer *newInteger(int value) {
Integer *new = malloc(sizeof(Integer));
OBJECTRETAIN(new);
new->value = value;
return new;
}
int getIntegerValue(Integer* ins) {
return ins->value;
}
- 3.定義數(shù)組中存放的類 包含 name 和 age 屬性
// People.h
#ifndef People_h
#define People_h
#include <stdio>
#include "Integer.h"
#include "String.h"
typedef struct People{
int retainCount;
String* name;
Integer* age;
}People;
People* newPeople(String *name,Integer *age);
String* getName(People* people);
Integer* getAge(People* people);
#endif /* People_h */
// People.c
#include "People.h"
#include <stdlib>
#include "Object.h"
People* newPeople(String *name,Integer *age){
People *newP = malloc(sizeof(People));
OBJECTRETAIN(newP);
newP->age = age;
newP->name = name;
return newP;
}
String* getName(People* people){
return people->name;
}
Integer* getAge(People* people){
return people->age;
}
- 4.準(zhǔn)備工作都做完 ,下面我們來實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)組Array
// Array.h
#ifndef Array_h
#define Array_h
#include <stdio>
#include "People.h"
#include "Object.h"
typedef Object* AnyObject;
typedef struct Array{
int length;
int capacity;
AnyObject *value;
}Array;
Array* newArray();
//增加數(shù)組元素
void addElement(Array *array,AnyObject value);
//刪除
Array* removeIndexAt(Array *arry,int index);
//插入
Array* insertIndexAt(Array *array,AnyObject value,int index);
//查找
AnyObject getValueIndexAt(Array *array,int index);
//獲取數(shù)組長度
int getArrayLength(Array *array);
//銷毀
void destroyArray(Array *array);
//打印
void printArray(Array *arr);
#endif /* Array_h */
// Array.c
#include "Array.h"
#include <string>
#include <stdlib>
#include <assert>
//分配空間
static AnyObject* allocMemoryByCapacity(Array *arr){
return malloc(sizeof(AnyObject) * arr->capacity);
}
//創(chuàng)建數(shù)組
Array* newArray(){
Array *arr = malloc(sizeof(Array));
arr->length = 0;
arr->capacity = 32;
arr->value = allocMemoryByCapacity(arr);
return arr;
}
//獲取數(shù)組長度
int getArrayLength(Array *array){
return array->length;
}
//增加元素
void addElement(Array *array,AnyObject value){
if (array->length >= array->capacity) {
array->capacity *= 2;
AnyObject *oldValue = array->value;
memcpy(array->value, oldValue, array->length*sizeof(AnyObject));
free(oldValue);
}
OBJECTRETAIN(value);
array->value[array->length] = value;
array->length++;
}
//刪除元素
Array* removeIndexAt(Array *arry,int index){
assert(index >= 0 && index < arry>length); //斷言 防止越界
OBJECTRELEASE(getValueIndexAt(arry, index));
arry->length -- ;
for (int i = index-1; i < arry>length; i++) {
arry->value[i] = arry->value[i+1];
}
return arry;
}
//在指定位置增加元素
Array* insertIndexAt(Array *array,AnyObject value,int index){
if (array->length >= array->capacity) {
array->capacity *= 2;
AnyObject *oldValue = array->value;
memcpy(array->value, oldValue, array->length*sizeof(AnyObject));
free(oldValue);
}
array->length++;
//插入指定位置
array->value[index-1] = value;
//將元素后移
for (int i = index; i < array>length; i++) {
array->value[array->length] = array->value[array->length-i];
}
OBJECTRETAIN(value);
return array;
}
//獲取某個(gè)元素
AnyObject getValueIndexAt(Array *array,int index){
assert(index >= 0 && index < array>length);
return array->value[index];
}
//銷毀
void destroyArray(Array *array){
free(array->value);
free(array);
printf("數(shù)組被銷毀\n");
}
//打印結(jié)果
void printArray(Array *arr){
for (int i = 0; i < arr>length; i++) {
printf("位置:%d,姓名:%s,年齡:%d\n",i, getStringValue(getName((People*)getValueIndexAt(arr, i))),getIntegerValue(getAge((People*)getValueIndexAt(arr, i))));
}
}
- 接下來就可以來測試數(shù)據(jù)了.
// main.m
#import <Foundation>
#import "People.h"
#import "Array.h"
#import "Object.h"
int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
@autoreleasepool {
Array *arr = newArray();
People *p0 = newPeople(newString("張三"), newInteger(20));
People *p1 = newPeople(newString("李四"), newInteger(16));
People *p2 = newPeople(newString("王五"), newInteger(17));
People *p3 = newPeople(newString("趙二"), newInteger(14));
People *p4 = newPeople(newString("林三"), newInteger(22));
People *p5 = newPeople(newString("小明"), newInteger(18));
People *p6 = newPeople(newString("小紅"), newInteger(25));
People *p7 = newPeople(newString("小方"), newInteger(11));
People *p8 = newPeople(newString("小花"), newInteger(19));
People *p9 = newPeople(newString("小兔"), newInteger(22));
People *p10 = newPeople(newString("新人"), newInteger(23));
//增加元素
addElement(arr, (Object *)p0);
addElement(arr, (Object *)p1);
addElement(arr, (Object *)p2);
addElement(arr, (Object *)p3);
addElement(arr, (Object *)p4);
addElement(arr, (Object *)p5);
addElement(arr, (Object *)p6);
addElement(arr, (Object *)p7);
addElement(arr, (Object *)p8);
addElement(arr, (Object *)p9);
//釋放內(nèi)存
OBJECTRELEASE((Object*) p0);
OBJECTRELEASE((Object*) p1);
OBJECTRELEASE((Object*) p2);
OBJECTRELEASE((Object*) p3);
OBJECTRELEASE((Object*) p4);
OBJECTRELEASE((Object*) p5);
OBJECTRELEASE((Object*) p6);
OBJECTRELEASE((Object*) p7);
OBJECTRELEASE((Object*) p8);
OBJECTRELEASE((Object*) p9);
printf("增加10個(gè)元素\n");
printArray(arr);
printf("刪除第3個(gè)元素\n");
//刪除第數(shù)組中某一個(gè)元素
removeIndexAt(arr, 3);
printArray(arr);
printf("插入P10成為第4個(gè)元素\n");
//插入
insertIndexAt(arr, (Object *)p10, 4);
printArray(arr);
OBJECTRELEASE((Object*) p10);
printf("查找第5個(gè)元素\n");
//index從0開始 查找第5個(gè)元素 index=4
printf("位置:%d,姓名:%s,年齡:%d\n",4, getStringValue(getName((People*)getValueIndexAt(arr, 4))),getIntegerValue(getAge((People*)getValueIndexAt(arr, 4))));
//銷毀數(shù)組
destroyArray(arr);
}
return 0;
}
- 看下結(jié)果吧。
array.png
有興趣的可以研究下哈
