經(jīng)典詞匯

1. to go with the grain 順其自然
2. to againt with the grain （與某人的性格练慕，情感贴浙， 愿望等格格不入）

The Guardian View on science and coronavirus: no certainties, just judgments 2020-03-13

衛(wèi)報關(guān)于科學(xué)與新冠肺炎發(fā)表觀點: 沒有確定性，只是判斷
第一部分

Friday was the day when the coronavirus pandemic began to radically redraw the map of everyday life in Britain. Bill Shankly, Liverpool’s much-loved manager in the 1970s, is fondly remembered for suggesting that football was more important than matters of life and death. It would have been a joke, of course. But the decision to suspend the Premier League until 4 April is a potent symbol of the new abnormality that will characterise the weeks and months to come. Slowly but surely, Britain’s social life is being put on hold. The postponement of May’s local elections signals the end of politics-as-usual as well.

周五（2020-03-13）正式成為新冠疫情根本上改變英國日常社會的分水嶺铛铁。比爾香舍利（Bill Shankly）隔显，20世紀(jì)70年代倍受喜愛的利物浦經(jīng)紀(jì)人，他因提出足球用于生命的觀點受到人們的深深喜愛饵逐。但暫停超級聯(lián)賽延期至4月4日的決定括眠，釋放出英國未來幾周甚至幾個月將陷入異常的信號。緩慢但可確定地是梳毙，英國的社交生活被擱置哺窄，推遲的本地選舉也宣告了政治活動的暫停。

Millions of people are now facing difficult dilemmas and painful decisions. Across the country, some care homes have begun to close their doors to relatives. Many people this weekend will be thinking twice about planned trips to see vulnerable elderly family members, whose wellbeing is intimately linked to such visits. Soon these may not be possible for an indefinite period. A kind of stasis, shadowed by deep anxiety, awaits us, and the scale of what is to come is unknowable.

數(shù)百萬人面臨著兩難而痛苦的決定账锹。全國上下萌业，謹(jǐn)慎的家庭開始拒絕與親友來往。本周末將會更多的人會再三考慮去看望脆弱老人的計劃奸柬，因為這些老人的生活緊密依賴這些供應(yīng)生年。很快這些活動將在未來不可知的一段時間內(nèi)變得不可能。一種規(guī)模不可知的廓奕，深深的焦慮籠罩的停滯正在等待著我們抱婉。

The decision to suspend the Premier League followed the news that the Arsenal manager, Mikel Arteta, and a Chelsea footballer, Callum Hudson-Odoi, had both tested positive for coronavirus. On Thursday, Boris Johnson and his chief scientific adviser, Sir Patrick Vallance, both reiterated the government view that there were no medical grounds to ban sporting events.

阿森納主教練Miker Arteta和另一名切爾丁球員Callum Hudson-Odoi被檢測新冠病毒陽性的新聞被報導(dǎo)后，超級聯(lián)賽隨即被宣布暫停桌粉。周四蒸绩，鮑里斯·約翰遜（Boris Johnson）和他的首席科學(xué)顧問帕特里克·瓦朗斯爵士（Sir Patrick Vallance）都重申了政府的觀點，即沒有醫(yī)療理由禁止體育賽事铃肯。

The football community went ahead and shut down stadiums anyway. Outside the confines of Whitehall, organisations and individuals appear to be outpacing the government’s strategy for managing the pandemic.

無論如何足球社區(qū)都率先關(guān)閉了體育場館患亿。在白廳之外, 一些機(jī)構(gòu)和個人似乎比政府應(yīng)對大流行病的策略更前衛(wèi)。

There is understandable concern that the approach of Mr Johnson, Sir Patrick and the chief medical officer, Prof Chris Whitty, is too minimalist. Britain has become an outlier in its approach to the crisis. The government’s advice remains, for now, that those presenting symptoms of the disease should self-isolate for a minimum of seven days. Schools have been allowed to stay open, partly to enable key workers to stay at work. Leaving aside beleaguered Italy, where a national lockdown is in place, Germany, France, Ireland and the Netherlands have all taken much tougher measures to ensure social distancing. China’s drastic measures in Wuhan came at significant human cost but, according to official figures, the number of new cases has plummeted this week and authorities say they believe the outbreak has passed its peak.

值得擔(dān)心的是押逼，約翰遜先生步藕，帕特里克爵士和首席醫(yī)療官克里斯·惠蒂教授的應(yīng)對方式過于簡約惦界。英國應(yīng)對危機(jī)的方法已經(jīng)成了一個異數(shù)。截止到目前咙冗，政府仍然只是建議那些表現(xiàn)出新冠肺炎癥狀的人最小自我隔離7天沾歪。仍然保持學(xué)校開放，部分重要工人繼續(xù)正常上班雾消。撇開已經(jīng)封城鎖國的意大利不說灾搏，德國，法國仪或，愛爾蘭和荷蘭都已經(jīng)采取了更嚴(yán)格的措施以確保社交安全距離确镊。中國對武漢實施的嚴(yán)厲措施雖然付出了沉痛的人力成本，但據(jù)官方發(fā)布的數(shù)據(jù)顯示范删，本周新確診病例數(shù)量急劇下降蕾域，當(dāng)局表示他們相信疫情高峰期已經(jīng)過去。

Experts, like the rest of us, have no access to infallible truths in unprecedented crises. The stakes could scarcely be higher, but the scientific bets being laid involve judgments, not certainties. The government, advised by Sir Patrick and Prof Whitty, believes that drastic action to suppress coronavirus could store up bigger problems down the line, when measures are relaxed.

和我們一樣到旦，面對前所未有的重大危機(jī)時專家們也并無從找到可靠的真理旨巷。這場戰(zhàn)疫的賭注不可能更高了，但所下的科學(xué)賭注在于判斷力而不是確定性添忘。在帕特里克爵士和惠蒂教授的建議下采呐，政府認(rèn)為一旦采取嚴(yán)厲的行動來抑制冠狀病毒，這將在措施放寬松后積蓄更大的麻煩（比如病毒卷土重來）搁骑。

Therefore, they judge the least-worst outcome for the country will be a managed epidemic which peaks gradually, so that the NHS is not overwhelmed, and creates “herd immunity” to what could become an annual virus. There is also concern that forcing people into more isolated lives too soon could be counterproductive. Sir Patrick has predicted that the epidemic’s peak in Britain could still be 10 to 14 weeks away; too much isolation too soon could lead to coronavirus “fatigue”, causing people to revert to old ways at precisely the wrong moment.

因此斧吐， 他們判斷對英國來說最壞的結(jié)果是，這場流行病可控地逐漸達(dá)到峰值仲器，從而不致使英國醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)負(fù)擔(dān)過大煤率，同時對這個年度病毒獲得群體免疫。帕特里克爵士預(yù)測這場流行病的達(dá)到峰值仍需10到14周乏冀；太早隔離將會導(dǎo)致病毒疲勞蝶糯，從而使得人們在錯誤的時刻恢復(fù)使用舊方法。

That may or may not be an accurate prediction. But the existential reality on the ground is beginning to render the hypotheses of behavioural science irrelevant. Gatherings of all kinds are being cancelled and home-working strategies are being implemented. It might soon become desirable for the government to go with the grain and help direct a clear public appetite to do what it takes to minimise the impact of the inevitable.

這個預(yù)測可能對也可能不對辆沦。但既定事實是行為科學(xué)的假設(shè)已經(jīng)無關(guān)緊要了昼捍。各種形式的分享會被取消，在家辦公策略也已經(jīng)開始執(zhí)行肢扯。政府很快也將順其自然妒茬，并幫助制定公眾引導(dǎo)策略，盡最大努力將不可避免的影響降到最低蔚晨。

Levels of austere self-discipline known only in wartime may soon be required in the spring sunshine. Sadly, in this crisis, community spirit will be best expressed by keeping a distance from neighbours. It is a grim prospect. But as a form of national hibernation begins, it is at least reassuring that many of us seem ready to make the sacrifices that will have to be made.

戰(zhàn)時的最高等級自律水平郊闯，將在這個陽光明媚的春天撿起。可悲的是团赁，與鄰居保持安全距離成了社區(qū)精神最貼切的表達(dá)。前景非常嚴(yán)峻谨履。但隨著一個國家進(jìn)入冬眠期欢摄，值得欣慰的是，我們中許多人已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好作出必要的犧牲笋粟。