生存還是毀滅，這是一個(gè)永恒的選擇題恩敌。以至于到最后瞬测，我們成為什么樣的人，可能不在于我們的能力，而在于我們的選擇月趟。
選擇無處不在灯蝴。面朝大海，春暖花開孝宗，是海子的選擇穷躁；人不是生來被打敗的，是海明威的選擇因妇；人固有一死问潭，或重于泰山，或輕于鴻毛婚被，是司馬遷的選擇狡忙。[1]
本期，您將讀到的美國詩人弗羅斯特的選擇址芯，而他選擇——不走尋常路灾茁。
[1] 摘自央視《朗讀者》第三期主題詞。
The Road Not Taken
By Robert Frost
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveler, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;
Then took the other, as just as fair,
And having perhaps the better claim,
Because it was grassy and wanted wear;
Though as for that the passing there
Had worn them really about the same,
And both that morning equally lay
In leaves no step had trodden black.
Oh, I kept the first for another day!
Yet knowing how way leads on to way,
I doubted if I should ever come back.
I shall be telling this with a sigh
Somewhere ages and ages hence:
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the difference.
未選擇的路
顧子欣 譯
黃色的樹林里分出兩條路谷炸，
可惜我不能同時(shí)去涉足北专，
我在那路口久久佇立，
我向著一條路極目望去旬陡，
直到它消失在叢林深處逗余。
但我卻選了另外一條路，
它荒草萋萋季惩，十分幽寂录粱，
顯得更誘人、更美麗画拾；
雖然在這兩條小路上啥繁，
都很少留下旅人的足跡。
雖然那天清晨落葉滿地青抛，
兩條路都未經(jīng)腳印污染旗闽。
呵，留下一條路等改日再見蜜另！
但我知道路徑延綿無盡頭适室，
恐怕我難以再回返。
也許多少年后在某個(gè)地方举瑰，
我將輕聲嘆息把往事回顧：
一片樹林里分出兩條路——
而我選了人跡更少的一條捣辆，
從此決定了我一生的道路。
【詞 匯】
- diverge: (of a road, route, or line) separate and go in a different direction 分開此迅；岔開
- undergrowth: a dense growth of shrubs and other plants, especially under trees 下層灌木叢汽畴；矮樹叢
- wear: damage or deterioration sustained from continuous use 磨損旧巾；損壞（文中指行人走過留下的足跡。）
- trodden: tread (踩忍些；踏) 的過去分詞
- black: very dirty 黑乎乎的鲁猩；臟的
- sigh: a long, deep, audible exhalation expressing sadness, relief, tiredness, or similar 嘆氣, 嘆息
【解 析】
題目：The Road Not Taken
譯法各異，筆者所選取的譯本是顧子欣的《未選擇的路》罢坝，若追求簡(jiǎn)潔廓握，可譯為《未擇之路》或《未走之路》。
關(guān)于這首詩
去年秋天我到艾默斯特去拜訪狄金森嘁酿，意外地發(fā)現(xiàn)弗羅斯特竟然曾是她的隔代近鄰隙券，我訪問了弗羅斯特寫出這首詩的金黃色樹林，林中有標(biāo)明Frost trail的路徑痹仙。確實(shí)如他所說是尔，經(jīng)他走后殉了，已經(jīng)分不清哪條他走過开仰，哪條是他沒有走的路。在圖書館里讀到這首詩的初稿和改定稿薪铜，只是標(biāo)題動(dòng)了一個(gè)字众弓，初稿為way，定稿為road隔箍。(江楓) [2]
[2] Robert Frost谓娃，江楓. 弗羅斯特詩選：英漢對(duì)照[M].北京：外語教學(xué)與研究出版社，2012: 98-99
P.S. 去年有一部電影也叫《未擇之路》 (The Road Not Taken) 蜒滩，該雷同應(yīng)該不是巧合吧滨达。
回到正題。
這條“未擇之路”表面為林中一條路俯艰，但詩人將其上升到哲學(xué)層面捡遍，亦指人生路。
依據(jù)下文竹握，作者不走尋常路画株，人生從此大不同，但詩人卻并未忘記這條未擇之路啦辐，反而愈加感慨選擇之后的無限可能谓传，這也體現(xiàn)出詩人糾結(jié)的一面。
全詩共4節(jié)芹关，每節(jié)5句续挟，韻式為abaab。
我們接著往下看侥衬。
1.
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveler, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;
第一節(jié)講詩人在林中面臨擇路難題庸推。詩人望穿一路常侦，佇立良久，內(nèi)心萬分糾結(jié)贬媒。細(xì)細(xì)品來聋亡，該景象倒讓我想起了《目送》的一段話。
你站立在小路的這一端际乘，看著他逐漸消失在小路轉(zhuǎn)彎的地方坡倔，而且，他用背影默默告訴你：不必追脖含。
拋開內(nèi)容罪塔，從音韻上看，請(qǐng)注意尾韻：
- wood, stood, could：[?d]
- both, undergrowth：[??θ]
從句式上看养葵，
①long I stood：表語long提前征堪，是出于韻腳考慮。
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;
②上述兩句要注意：to這個(gè)介詞指向的是look down关拒。整句還原后為：
And (I) looked down one (road) as far as I could to where it bent in the undergrowth;
2.
Then took the other, as just as fair,
And having perhaps the better claim,
Because it was grassy and wanted wear;
Though as for that the passing there
Had worn them really about the same,
第二節(jié)轉(zhuǎn)而描述另一條路佃蚜，這條路的優(yōu)點(diǎn)正如詩人所說，“荒草萋萋着绊，十分幽寂” (grassy and wanted wear) 谐算。雖是如此，但兩條路都留下了一個(gè)個(gè)行人的足跡归露。
但相對(duì)而言洲脂，第二條路走的人相對(duì)較少，這也是下文詩人所要走的路剧包。
此外恐锦，本小節(jié)依然要注意尾韻的存在：
- fair, wear, there: [e?(r)]
- claim, same: [e?m]
3.
And both that morning equally lay
In leaves no step had trodden black.
Oh, I kept the first for another day!
Yet knowing how way leads on to way,
I doubted if I should ever come back.
第三節(jié)繼續(xù)對(duì)比兩條路，詩人的內(nèi)心是矛盾的疆液，但最終還是理性戰(zhàn)勝了感性一铅，畢竟人生只有一次，不能重來枚粘。
另外馅闽，請(qǐng)注意前兩句為了韻律而倒裝的現(xiàn)象：
原文（倒裝）：
And both that morning equally lay
In leaves no step had trodden black.
還原后：
And leaves equally lay in both (roads) that morning/
No step had trodden both (roads) black
NB 該小節(jié)的尾韻如下：
- lay, day, way: [e?]
- black, back: [?k]
4.
I shall be telling this with a sigh
Somewhere ages and ages hence:
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the difference.
就韻律而言，第四節(jié)按照abaab韻式馍迄，有以下尾韻：
- sigh, I, by: [a?]
- hence, difference: *[?ns]
*hence [-ens] 與difference [-?ns] 尾部發(fā)音相似福也，故韻腳可理解為[?ns]。
關(guān)于內(nèi)容攀圈，本節(jié)注重對(duì)讀者思想的啟迪暴凑。兩條路差別不大，但詩人不走尋常路后赘来，卻有了如此大的差異现喳，其潛臺(tái)詞就是選擇要慎重凯傲，因?yàn)槿f事萬物都是有聯(lián)系的，可能一步錯(cuò)嗦篱，步步錯(cuò)冰单，步步驚心；也可能選擇正確灸促，從而咸魚翻身也未可知诫欠。
不管選擇是對(duì)是錯(cuò)，勇于承擔(dān)選擇所帶來的責(zé)任浴栽，朝著正確的方向努力，你就一定可以決定自己生活的樣子典鸡。
感謝何炅老師。
感謝您的閱讀萝玷。
