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Instrument of Surrender
日本向同盟國家投降的降書
We, acting by command ofand in behalf of the Emperor of Japan, the Japanese Government and the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters, hereby accept the provisions set forth in the declaration issued by the heads of the Governments of the United States, China and Great Britain on 26 July 1945 at Potsdam, and subsequently adhered to by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, which four powers are hereafter referred to as the Allied Powers.
余等茲對合眾國栖疑、中華民國讨永、及大不列顛帝國，各國政府首腦遇革，于一千九百四十五年七月二十六日于波茨坦宣而爾后由蘇維埃社會主義共和國聯(lián)邦之參加宣言條款卿闹，并根據(jù)日本政府，天皇萝快，及日本帝國大本營之命令代表受諾之锻霎。右述四國以后稱之為聯(lián)合國。
set forth
其實是高級版的“闡明; 陳述”揪漩，英文解釋為“to state, express, or utter”旋恼，用于正式文體中。它有一個近義表達：set out奄容，同樣表示“詳述冰更；闡明”，如：
Your contract will set out the terms and conditions of your employment.
你的合同會詳細說明聘用的期限和條件昂勒。
hereby & hereafter
這兩個詞都用于正式文體當(dāng)中蜀细，常見于法律文本。前者表示”特此叁怪，茲“审葬，”as a result of this statement – used in official situations?“；后者表示”在下文中奕谭，此后“涣觉，”in a later part of an official or legal document?law“，如”
I hereby agree to the conditions of this contract.
我同意此合同的條款血柳，特此聲明官册。
the Ulster Democratic Unionist Party (hereafter UDUP)
北愛爾蘭民主統(tǒng)一黨（以下簡稱UDUP）
We hereby proclaimthe unconditional surrender to the Allied Powers of the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters and of all Japanese armed forces and all armed forces under Japanese control wherever situated.
余等茲布告，無論日本帝國大本營难捌，及任何地方所有之日本國軍隊膝宁，與夫日本國所支配下一切軍隊，悉對聯(lián)合國無條件投降根吁。
proclaim
proclaim表示“非常正式地宣布某件事情”员淫，可理解為“宣布；聲明”击敌，英文解釋更加清晰介返，“to say publicly or officially that something important is true or exists“。proclaim后面可以接單個的名詞，也可以接that加從句圣蝎，如”
Protesters proclaimed that the girl was innocent.
抗議者宣稱那個女孩是無辜的刃宵。
the unconditional surrender to 無條件投降
We hereby command all Japanese forces wherever situated and the Japanese people to cease hostilities forthwith, to preserve and save from damage all ships, aircraft, and military and civil property and to comply with all requirements which may be imposed by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers or by agencies of the Japanese Government at his direction.
余等茲命令任何地方之一切日本國軍隊，及日本國臣民徘公，即刻停止敵對行動牲证，保存所有船舶及軍用財產(chǎn)，且防止損毀关面，并服從聯(lián)合國最高司令官及其指示坦袍，對日本國政府之各機關(guān)所課之一切要求，應(yīng)于以應(yīng)諾缭裆。
cease
cease的意思大家應(yīng)該不陌生键闺，表示“停止”。它可以作及物和不及物動詞澈驼。
不及物動詞：
At two o'clock the rain had ceased.?
兩點時雨已經(jīng)停了。
及物動詞：后直接接名詞筛武，或者to do sth
He never ceases to amaze me.?
他總讓我驚喜不斷缝其。
The Economist ceased publication this week.?
《經(jīng)濟學(xué)人》于本周停刊徘六。
forthwith内边，高級版的immediately
preserve and save from damage all ships, aircraft, and military and civil property
此處原來的語序應(yīng)該是preserve and save all ships, aircraft, and military and civil property from damage，只不過英文里遇到這種中間成分太長的情況會把它后移
We hereby command the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters to issue at once orders to the Commanders of all Japanese forces and all forces under Japanese control wherever situated to surrender unconditionally themselves and all forces under their control.
余等茲命令日本帝國大本營待锈，對于任何地方之一切日本國軍隊漠其，及由日本國支配下一切軍隊指揮官，速即發(fā)布其本身或其支配下之一切軍隊無條件投降之命令竿音。
We hereby command all civil, military and naval officials to obey and enforce all proclamations, orders and directivesdeemed by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers to be proper to effectuate this surrender and issued by him or under his authority and we direct all such officials to remain at their posts and continue to perform their non-combatant duties unless specifically relieved by him or under his authority.
余等茲命令所有官廳和屎、陸軍及海軍之職員，命令其遵守其施行聯(lián)合國最高司令官為實施此投降文件春瞬，認為適當(dāng)而其自己發(fā)出柴信，或根據(jù)其委任發(fā)出之一切布告其指示，且命令右開職員宽气，除由聯(lián)合國最高司令官随常，或根據(jù)其事務(wù)委任，與解除其任務(wù)以外萄涯，均須留于各自原有地位绪氛，且仍繼續(xù)行使各個之非戰(zhàn)斗任務(wù)。
directive
directive表示“官方指示”涝影，英文解釋為”A?directive?is an official instruction that is given by someone in authority.“枣察，如：
Thanks to a new directive, food labelling will be more specific.?
由于官方的一項新指令，食品標簽將會更明確具體袄琳。
deem
deem表示”認為询件，視為“燃乍，常見的用法有如下幾種：
deem that
They deemed that he was no longer capable of managing the business.
他們認為他沒有能力再管理這家企業(yè)了。
deem sth necessary/appropriate etc
They were told to take whatever action they deemed necessary.
他們被告知可采取任何必要的行動宛琅。
be deemed to be sth（文中就是此種用法）
They were deemed to be illegal immigrants.
他們被視為非法移民刻蟹。
be deemed to do sth
UK plans were deemed to infringe EU law.
英國的計劃被認為觸犯了歐盟的法律。
effectuate
effectuate表示”使發(fā)生; 使有效; 完成“嘿辟，英文解釋為”to cause to happen; effect; accomplish“
We hereby undertake for the Emperor, the Japanese Government and their successors to carry out the provisions of the Potsdam Declaration in good faith, and to issue whatever orders and take whatever action may be required by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers or by any other designated representative of the Allied Powers for the purpose of giving effect to that Declaration.
余等茲為天皇舆瘪、日本國政府、及其繼續(xù)者红伦，承約切實履行波茨坦宣言之條款英古，發(fā)布為實施宣言之聯(lián)合國最高司令官，及其他特派聯(lián)合國代表要求之一切命令昙读，且實施一切措置召调。
undertake
undertake可以直接接名詞，表示”從事蛮浑，承擔(dān)“唠叛，經(jīng)常與task, job等連用，如：
She undertook the task of monitoring the elections.?
她承擔(dān)了監(jiān)督選舉的任務(wù)沮稚。
它還可以和to do 連用艺沼，即”undertake to do sth“，表示”承諾”（文中也是這種用法）如：
He undertook to edit the text himself.?
他承諾親自編輯正文蕴掏。
We hereby command the Japanese Imperial Government and the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters at once to liberate all allied prisoners of war and civilian internees now under Japanese control and to provide for their protection, care, maintenance and immediate transportation to places as directed.
余等茲對日本國政府障般、及日本帝國大本營命令，即速解放現(xiàn)由日本國支配下所有聯(lián)合國俘虜盛杰，及被拘留者挽荡，且執(zhí)行對彼等之保護、津貼饶唤、給養(yǎng)徐伐，及對指定地點之迅速運輸?shù)却胫?/span>。
措置
這里是翻譯里經(jīng)常用到的方法——增詞募狂，具體而言办素，此處是增加范疇詞”措置“。
The authority of the Emperor and the Japanese Government to rule the state shall be subject to the Supreme Commander for Allied Powers who will take such steps as he deems proper to effectuate these terms of surrender.
天皇及日本國政府統(tǒng)治國家之權(quán)限祸穷，置于為實施投降條款采用認為適當(dāng)措置之聯(lián)合國最高司令官之限制下性穿。
Signed atTOKYO BAY, JAPAN at 09.04 on the SECOND day of SEPTEMBER, 1945.
重光葵
By Command and in behalf of the Emperor of Japan and the Japanese Government.
梅津美治郎
By Command and in behalf of the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters.
一千九百四十五年九月二日午前九時四分，于東京灣密蘇里號艦上簽字之雷滚，并根據(jù)大日本帝國天皇陛下及日本國政府之命令且以其名義需曾。
重光葵
根據(jù)日本帝國大本營之命令且以下名義。
梅津美治郎
Accepted at TOKYO BAY, JAPAN at 0908 on the SECOND day of SEPTEMBER, 1945, for the United States, Republic of China, United Kingdom and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, and in the interests of the other United Nations at war with Japan.
一千九百四十五年九月二日午前九時四分，于東京灣為美利堅合眾國呆万、中華民國商源、大不列顛及北愛爾蘭聯(lián)合王國，及蘇維埃社會主義共和國聯(lián)盟谋减，及與日本國存在戰(zhàn)爭狀態(tài)之其他聯(lián)合國之利益受諾之牡彻。
Douglas MacArthur
Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers.
聯(lián)合國最高司令官 道格拉斯·麥克阿瑟元帥
C.W. Nimitz
United States Representative
美利堅合眾國代表 尼米茲元帥
Hsu Yung-Ch'ang
Republic of China Representative
中華民國代表 徐永昌上將
Bruce Fraser
United Kingdom Representative
大不列顛及北愛爾蘭聯(lián)合王國代表 符立則
Kuzma Derevyanko
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Representative
蘇維埃社會主義共和國聯(lián)盟代表 狄里夫楊柯中將
Thomas Blamey
Commonwealth of Australia Representative
澳大利亞聯(lián)邦代表 浦列米
L. Moore Cosgrave
Dominion of Canada Representative
加拿大國代表 柯司克列失
Jacques Leclerc
Provisional Government of the French Republic Representative
法蘭西國代表 克列克
C.E.L. Helfrich
Kingdom of the Netherlands Representative
荷蘭國代表 赫爾佛尼茲
Leonard M. Isitt
Dominion of New Zealand Representative
新西蘭代表 依西特
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日本投降書正本（中國）
1945年9月9日，南京中國陸軍總司令部禮堂舉行了中國戰(zhàn)區(qū)日本投降簽字儀式出爹，中國戰(zhàn)區(qū)最高統(tǒng)帥蔣中正的特別代表庄吼、中國陸軍總司令何應(yīng)欽與日本政府及大本營的代表、侵華日軍總司令岡村寧次分別在日本的投降書上簽字严就。
投降書規(guī)定：
一总寻、日本帝國政府及日本帝國大本營已向聯(lián)合國最高統(tǒng)帥無條件投降
二、聯(lián)合國最高統(tǒng)帥第一號令規(guī)定“在中華民國（東三省除外）臺灣與越南北緯十六度以北地區(qū)內(nèi)之日本全部陸荷椅空軍與輔助部隊?wèi)?yīng)向蔣委員長投降
三渐行、吾等在上述區(qū)域內(nèi)之全部日本陸海空軍及輔助部隊之將領(lǐng)愿率領(lǐng)所屬部隊向蔣委員長無條件投降
……
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銘記歷史 勿忘國恥
不忘初心 牢記使命
LearnAndRecord
2015年2月8日
2018年9月3日
第1304天
每天持續(xù)行動學(xué)外語
