1.了解每張表記錄的數(shù)據(jù)內(nèi)容
分模塊的對每張表記錄的內(nèi)筒進(jìn)行分析俱笛,相當(dāng)于在學(xué)習(xí)系統(tǒng)需求(功能)的過程
2.每張表重要字段的設(shè)置
非空字段先誉、外鍵字段
3.數(shù)據(jù)庫級別表一表之間的關(guān)系
外鍵關(guān)系
4.表與表之間的業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系
一定要建立在某個也無意義基礎(chǔ)上去分析性雄,先分析在數(shù)據(jù)庫級別有關(guān)系的兩表間的業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系留拾,再分析數(shù)據(jù)庫級別沒有關(guān)系的表之間是否有關(guān)系
案例:
用戶表user:記錄了購買商品的用戶信息
訂單表orders:記錄了用戶創(chuàng)建的訂單(購買商品的訂單)
訂單詳情表orderdetail:記錄了訂單信息商品信息
商品表items:記錄了商品信息
表與表之間的業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系:
user和orders:
user---->orders:一個用戶可以創(chuàng)建多個訂單,一對多
orders---->user:一個訂單只由一個用戶創(chuàng)建泞辐,一對一
orders和orderdetail:
orders---->orderdetail:一個訂單可以包括多個訂單詳情(一個訂單可以購買多個商品)笔横,一對多
orderdetail---->orders:一個訂單詳情只能包括在一個訂單中竞滓,一對一
orderdetail和items:
orderdetail---->items:一個訂單詳情只對應(yīng)一個商品,一對一
items---->orderdetail:一個商品可以包括在多個訂單商品中吹缔,一對多
orders和items(通過orderdetail判斷):
items---->orders:一對多
orders---->items:一對多
orders和items是多對多的關(guān)系
user和items:多對多
高級查詢:
1.一對一
需求:查詢訂單信息商佑,關(guān)聯(lián)查詢創(chuàng)建訂單的用戶信息
1.1resultType
1.1.1sql語句:
確定查詢的主表:orders
確定查詢的關(guān)聯(lián)表:user
SELECT orders.* ,
`user`.username,
`user`.sex,
`user`.address
FROM orders,user WHERE orders.user_id=`user`.id
1.1.2創(chuàng)建pojo
將上面sql查詢的結(jié)果映射到pojo中,pojo中必須包含所有查詢列名
原始的orders.java不能映射全部字段厢塘,需要新創(chuàng)建的pojo
創(chuàng)建一個pojo繼承包括查詢字段較多的po類
package cn.ztc.mybatis.po;
//通過此類映射訂單關(guān)聯(lián)用戶的查詢結(jié)果
public class OrdersCustom extends Orders{
private String username;
private String sex;
private String address;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
}
OrdersCustomMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!-- 使用mapper代理的方法茶没,namespace等于mapper接口的地址 -->
<mapper namespace="cn.ztc.mybatis.mapper.OrdersCustomMapper">
<select id="findOrdersUser" resultType="cn.ztc.mybatis.po.OrdersCustom">
SELECT orders.* ,
`user`.username,
`user`.sex,
`user`.address
FROM orders,user WHERE orders.user_id=`user`.id
</select>
</mapper>```
OrdersCustomMapper.java
package cn.ztc.mybatis.mapper;
import java.util.List;
import cn.ztc.mybatis.po.OrdersCustom;
public interface OrdersCustomMapper {
public List<OrdersCustom> findOrdersUser()throws Exception;
}
junit測試類
package cn.ztc.mybatis.mapper;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import cn.ztc.mybatis.po.OrdersCustom;
public class OrdersCustomMapperTest {
private SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
//此方法在執(zhí)行testFindUserById方法之前執(zhí)行
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception{
String resource = "SqlMapConfig.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
}
@Test
public void testFindOrdersUser() throws Exception {
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
//創(chuàng)建代理對象
OrdersCustomMapper OrdersCustomMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OrdersCustomMapper.class);
List<OrdersCustom> list = OrdersCustomMapper.findOrdersUser();
System.out.println(list);
sqlSession.close();
}
}
1.2resultMap
使用resultMap將查詢到的訂單信息映射到Orders對象中,在Orders對象中添加User屬性俗冻,將關(guān)聯(lián)查詢出來的用戶信息映射到Orders對象中添加User屬性中
1.2.1sql語句
1.2.2在Orders對象中添加User屬性
1.2.3mapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.ztc.mybatis.mapper.OrdersCustomMapper">
<resultMap type="cn.ztc.mybatis.po.Orders" id="OrdersUserResultMap">
<id column="id" property="id"/>
<result column="user_id" property="userId"/>
<result column="number" property="number"/>
<result column="createtime" property="createtime"/>
<result column="note" property="note"/>
<association property="user" javaType="cn.ztc.mybatis.po.User">
<id column="user_id" javaType="id"/>
<result column="username" property="username"/>
<result column="sex" property="sex"/>
<result column="address" property="address"/>
</association>
</resultMap>
<!-- resultType -->
<select id="findOrdersUser" resultType="cn.ztc.mybatis.po.OrdersCustom">
SELECT orders.* ,
`user`.username,
`user`.sex,
`user`.address
FROM orders,user WHERE orders.user_id=`user`.id
</select>
<!-- resultMap -->
<select id="findOrdersUserResultMap" resultMap="OrdersUserResultMap">
SELECT orders.* ,
`user`.username,
`user`.sex,
`user`.address
FROM orders,user WHERE orders.user_id=`user`.id
</select>
</mapper>```
1.2.4mapper.java
package cn.ztc.mybatis.mapper;
import java.util.List;
import cn.ztc.mybatis.po.*;
public interface OrdersCustomMapper {
public List<OrdersCustom> findOrdersUser()throws Exception;
public List<Orders> findOrdersUserResultMap()throws Exception;
}
實現(xiàn)一對一查詢:
使用resultType較為簡單礁叔,只需在pojo擴(kuò)展類中添加列名對應(yīng)的屬性
使用resultMap牍颈,需要在mapper.xml中單獨定義resultMap
resultMap可以實現(xiàn)延遲加載迄薄,resultType無法實現(xiàn)延遲加載
2.一對多
需求:查詢訂單關(guān)聯(lián)訂單詳情
resultMap
sql語句:
主查詢表:訂單表
關(guān)聯(lián)查詢表:訂單詳情表
在orders表中添加List<OrderDetail> orderDetails屬性
mapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!-- 使用mapper代理的方法,namespace等于mapper接口的地址 -->
<mapper namespace="cn.ztc.mybatis.mapper.OrdersCustomMapper">
<!-- 訂單關(guān)聯(lián)查詢用戶的resultMap -->
<resultMap type="cn.ztc.mybatis.po.Orders" id="OrdersUserResultMap">
<!-- 配置映射的訂單信息 -->
<id column="id" property="id"/>
<result column="user_id" property="userId"/>
<result column="number" property="number"/>
<result column="createtime" property="createtime"/>
<result column="note" property="note"/>
<!-- 配置映射的用戶信息 -->
<!-- association用于關(guān)聯(lián)查詢單個對象的信息
property要講關(guān)聯(lián)查詢的用戶信息映射到Orders的哪個屬性
-->
<association property="user" javaType="cn.ztc.mybatis.po.User">
<id column="user_id" property="id"/>
<result column="username" property="username"/>
<result column="sex" property="sex"/>
<result column="address" property="address"/>
</association>
</resultMap>
<!-- 使用extends就不用配置訂單信息和用戶信息的映射 -->
<resultMap type="cn.ztc.mybatis.po.Orders" id="OrdersAndOrderDetailResultMap" extends="OrdersUserResultMap">
<!-- 訂單信息 -->
<!-- 配置映射的用戶信息 -->
<!-- association用于關(guān)聯(lián)查詢單個對象的信息
property要講關(guān)聯(lián)查詢的用戶信息映射到Orders的哪個屬性
-->
<!-- 訂單詳情信息
collection關(guān)聯(lián)查詢多條記錄映射到對象中
映射到集合中pojo的類型
-->
<collection property="orderdetails" ofType="cn.ztc.mybatis.po.Orderdetail">
<id column="detailId" property="id"/>
<result column="items_id" property="itemsId"/>
<result column="items_num" property="itemsNum"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<!-- resultType -->
<select id="findOrdersUser" resultType="cn.ztc.mybatis.po.OrdersCustom">
SELECT orders.* ,
`user`.username,
`user`.sex,
`user`.address
FROM orders,user WHERE orders.user_id=`user`.id
</select>
<!-- resultMap -->
<select id="findOrdersUserResultMap" resultMap="OrdersUserResultMap">
SELECT orders.* ,
`user`.username,
`user`.sex,
`user`.address
FROM orders,user WHERE orders.user_id=`user`.id
</select>
<select id="findOrdersAndOrderDetailResultMap" resultMap="OrdersAndOrderDetailResultMap">
SELECT orders.* ,
`user`.username,
`user`.sex,
`user`.address,
orderdetail.id detailId,
orderdetail.items_id,
orderdetail.items_num
FROM orders,user,orderdetail
WHERE orders.user_id=`user`.id and orderdetail.orders_id=orders.id
</select>
</mapper>```
mapper.java
package cn.ztc.mybatis.mapper;
import java.util.List;
import cn.ztc.mybatis.po.*;
public interface OrdersCustomMapper {
public List<OrdersCustom> findOrdersUser()throws Exception;
public List<Orders> findOrdersUserResultMap()throws Exception;
public List<Orders> findOrdersAndOrderDetailResultMap()throws Exception;
}
3.多對多
需求:查詢用戶關(guān)聯(lián)商品信息
主表:用戶表
關(guān)聯(lián)表:orders煮岁、orderdetail讥蔽、items
在user類中添加List<Orders> orderslist屬性
在Orders類中添加List<Orderdetail> Orderdetaillist屬性
在Orderdetail中添加items屬性
mapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.ztc.mybatis.mapper.OrdersCustomMapper">
<resultMap type="cn.ztc.mybatis.po.Orders" id="OrdersUserResultMap">
<id column="id" property="id"/>
<result column="user_id" property="userId"/>
<result column="number" property="number"/>
<result column="createtime" property="createtime"/>
<result column="note" property="note"/>
<association property="user" javaType="cn.ztc.mybatis.po.User">
<id column="user_id" property="id"/>
<result column="username" property="username"/>
<result column="sex" property="sex"/>
<result column="address" property="address"/>
</association>
</resultMap>
<resultMap type="cn.ztc.mybatis.po.Orders" id="OrdersAndOrderDetailResultMap" extends="OrdersUserResultMap">
<!-- 配置映射的用戶信息 -->
<!-- association用于關(guān)聯(lián)查詢單個對象的信息
property要講關(guān)聯(lián)查詢的用戶信息映射到Orders的哪個屬性
-->
<!-- 訂單詳情信息
collection關(guān)聯(lián)查詢多條記錄映射到對象中
映射到集合中pojo的類型
-->
<collection property="orderdetails" ofType="cn.ztc.mybatis.po.Orderdetail">
<id column="detailId" property="id"/>
<result column="items_id" property="itemsId"/>
<result column="items_num" property="itemsNum"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<resultMap type="cn.ztc.mybatis.po.User" id="UserAndItemsResultMap">
<!-- user信息 -->
<id column="user_id" property="id"/>
<result column="username" property="username"/>
<result column="sex" property="sex"/>
<result column="address" property="address"/>
<!-- orders信息 -->
<collection property="ordersList" ofType="cn.ztc.mybatis.po.Orders">
<id column="id" property="id"/>
<result column="user_id" property="userId"/>
<result column="number" property="number"/>
<result column="createtime" property="createtime"/>
<result column="note" property="note"/>
<!-- 訂單詳情 -->
<collection property="orderdetails" ofType="cn.ztc.mybatis.po.Orderdetail">
<id column="detailId" property="id"/>
<result column="items_id" property="itemsId"/>
<result column="items_num" property="itemsNum"/>
<!-- 商品信息 -->
<association property="items" javaType="cn.ztc.mybatis.po.Items">
<id column="items_id" property="id"/>
<result column="items_name" property="name"/>
<result column="items_detail" property="detail"/>
<result column="items_price" property="price"/>
</association>
</collection>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<!-- resultType -->
<select id="findOrdersUser" resultType="cn.ztc.mybatis.po.OrdersCustom">
SELECT orders.* ,
`user`.username,
`user`.sex,
`user`.address
FROM orders,user WHERE orders.user_id=`user`.id
</select>
<!-- resultMap -->
<select id="findOrdersUserResultMap" resultMap="OrdersUserResultMap">
SELECT orders.* ,
`user`.username,
`user`.sex,
`user`.address
FROM orders,user WHERE orders.user_id=`user`.id
</select>
<select id="findOrdersAndOrderDetailResultMap" resultMap="OrdersAndOrderDetailResultMap">
SELECT orders.* ,
`user`.username,
`user`.sex,
`user`.address,
orderdetail.id detailId,
orderdetail.items_id,
orderdetail.items_num
FROM orders,user,orderdetail
WHERE orders.user_id=`user`.id and orderdetail.orders_id=orders.id
</select>
<select id="findUserAndItemsResultMap" resultMap="UserAndItemsResultMap">
SELECT orders.* ,
`user`.username,
`user`.sex,
`user`.address,
orderdetail.id detailId,
orderdetail.items_id,
orderdetail.items_num,
items.name items_name,
items.detail items_detail,
items.price items_price
FROM orders,user,orderdetail,items
WHERE orders.user_id=`user`.id and orderdetail.orders_id=orders.id and orderdetail.items_id=items.id
</select>
</mapper>```
mapper.java
package cn.ztc.mybatis.mapper;
import java.util.List;
import cn.ztc.mybatis.po.*;
public interface OrdersCustomMapper {
public List<OrdersCustom> findOrdersUser()throws Exception;
public List<Orders> findOrdersUserResultMap()throws Exception;
public List<Orders> findOrdersAndOrderDetailResultMap()throws Exception;
public List<User> findUserAndItemsResultMap()throws Exception;
}