MP:國(guó)會(huì)議員?member of Parliament

The UK faces a "democratic crisis" due to the spread of "pernicious views" and the manipulation of personal data, a parliamentary committee is set to warn.

The Digital, Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) Committee has been investigating disinformation and fake news following the Cambridge Analytica data scandal.

In its first report it will suggest social media companies should face tighter regulation.

It also proposes measures to combat election interference.

The report warns that the "relentless targeting of hyper-partisan views, which play to the fears and prejudices of people, in order to influence their voting plans" is a threat to democracy.

The committee's report was due to be officially published on Sunday.

But a copy was published on Friday by Dominic Cummings, the director of the official Brexit campaign group Vote Leave, on his own blog.

pernicious：有害的浙巫，惡性的

relentless：堅(jiān)韌的约郁，不間斷的，不懈的

hyper-partisan：超黨派

predudice：偏見盅粪，傷害

The committee suggests:

1. Social media sites should be held responsible for 'harmful' content on their services

Companies such as Facebook and YouTube have repeatedly said they are just a "platform", rather than a "publisher". They have argued that they are not responsible for the content people post on their services.

"Social media companies cannot hide behind the claim of being merely a 'platform', claiming that they are tech companies and have no role themselves in regulating the content of their sites," the committee said.

"They continually change what is and is not seen on their sites, based on algorithms and human intervention.

"They reward what is most engaging, because engagement is part of their business model and their growth strategy. They have profited greatly by using this model."

The committee suggested a "new category of tech company" should be created, which was "not necessarily a platform or a publisher" but something in between.

This should establish "clear legal liability for the tech companies to act against harmful and illegal content on their platforms," the report said.

human intervention：人工干預(yù)

engaging：動(dòng)人的聋庵，迷人的

liability：責(zé)任梨树，債務(wù)

2. The rules on political campaigns should be made fit for the digital age

The committee said electoral law needed to be "updated to reflect changes in campaigning techniques".

It suggested:

creating a public register for political advertising so that anybody can see what messages are being distributed

online political advertisements should have a digital imprint stating who was responsible, as is required with printed leaflets and advertisements

social media sites should be held responsible for interference in elections by malicious actors

electoral fraud fines should be increased from a maximum of ￡20,000 to a percentage of organisations' annual turnover

imprint：版本說明

malicious：惡毒的瓦呼，有害的

electoral fraud fines：fraud 欺騙，詐騙

electoral fraud：選舉舞弊

turnover：營(yíng)業(yè)額庐椒，可翻轉(zhuǎn)的

3. Technology companies should be taxed to fund education and regulation

Increased regulation of social media sites would result in more work for organisations such as the Electoral Commission and Information Commissioner's Office (ICO).

The committee suggested a levy on tech companies should fund the expanded responsibilities of the regulators.

The money should also be spent on educational programmes and a public information campaign, to help people identify disinformation and fake news.

levy:征稅椒舵，征收，強(qiáng)收

4. Social networks should be audited

The committee warned that fake accounts on sites such as Facebook and Twitter "not only damage the user experience, but potentially defraud advertisers".

It suggested an independent authority such as the Competition and Markets Authority should audit the social networks.

It also said security mechanisms and algorithms used by social networks should be available for audit by a government regulator, to ensure they are "operating responsibly".

The report was very critical of Facebook, which has been under increased scrutiny following the Cambridge Analytica data scandal.

audit：審計(jì)约谈，旁聽

user experience：用戶體驗(yàn)

defraud：v.欺騙笔宿，詐騙

scrutiny：監(jiān)視犁钟，周密調(diào)查

"Facebook has hampered our efforts to get information about their company throughout this inquiry. It is as if it thinks that the problem will go away if it does not share information about the problem, and reacts only when it is pressed," the report said.

"It provided witnesses who have been unwilling or unable to give full answers to the committee's questions."

The committee repeated its call for Facebook chief executive Mark Zuckerberg to give evidence.

The report also summarised the evidence collected during the committee's inquiry into disinformation, fake news and election interference.

Whistleblower Christopher Wylie and Cambridge Analytica chief executive Alexander Nix were among the 61 witnesses that gave evidence.

The report said that Vote Leave campaign manager Dominic Cummings had refused to appear before the committee. But Mr Cummings called the report "fake news" when he published the leaked copy on Friday.

The committee added that it had received "disturbing evidence" - some of which it had not published - of hacking, disinformation and voter suppression in elections.

"We urge the government to ensure that the National Crime Agency thoroughly investigates these allegations."

The committee's final report is expected before the end of the year.

Facebook and Twitter have yet to respond to a request for comment.

hamper：損害

chief executive：首席執(zhí)行官

give evidence：證明，作證泼橘，提供證據(jù)

summarise：概括

disturbing:煩擾的

voter ：選舉人

suppression：鎮(zhèn)壓涝动，抑制