PMBOK Guide 6th Edition 知識點(diǎn)
第一章 Chapter 1
項(xiàng)目基礎(chǔ)概念 Project Basics
Project - Temporary endeavor to create a unique product or service.
項(xiàng)目 - 為了創(chuàng)造一個獨(dú)特的產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)而進(jìn)行的臨時性工作。
Operations - Repeatable, ongoing process.
運(yùn)營 - 可重復(fù)的雏逾、可持續(xù)的過程鹦牛。
Program - A group of related projects managed in a coordinated way.
項(xiàng)目集 - 一組相互關(guān)聯(lián)且被協(xié)調(diào)管理的項(xiàng)目缕棵、子項(xiàng)目集和項(xiàng)目集活動。
Portfolio - A group of programs/projects/operations with common goals.
項(xiàng)目組合 - 一組為了實(shí)現(xiàn)戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)而組合在一起管理的項(xiàng)目宿刮、項(xiàng)目集扭粱、子項(xiàng)目組合和運(yùn)營工作。
Project Management - Apply knowledge, skills and tools to increase the chance of project success.
項(xiàng)目管理 - 將知識怀挠、技能和工具應(yīng)用于項(xiàng)目活動析蝴，來提高項(xiàng)目的成功概率害捕。
Project Manager(PM) - Leads the team responsible for achieving project objectives.
項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理（PM）- 帶領(lǐng)團(tuán)隊(duì)，負(fù)責(zé)實(shí)現(xiàn)項(xiàng)目目標(biāo)闷畸。
PMBOK Guide - Subset of PM knowledge that is "generally recognized" as "good practice".
PMBOK指南 - 項(xiàng)目管理知識體系中被普遍認(rèn)可為良好實(shí)踐的那一部分尝盼。
項(xiàng)目啟動背景 四大因 4 Reasons for Project Initiation
- Meet legal or social requirements 法律/社會要求
- Satisfy stakeholder needs 相關(guān)方需求
- Implement or change business or tech strategies 執(zhí)行或變更業(yè)務(wù)/技術(shù)戰(zhàn)略
- Create or improve products or processes 創(chuàng)造/改進(jìn)產(chǎn)品或過程
過程組 Progress Groups
Initiating - Define a new project or phase by obtaining authorization to start.
啟動過程組 - 通過獲得啟動授權(quán)來定義一個新項(xiàng)目或階段。 目的是設(shè)定項(xiàng)目目標(biāo)佑菩。 定目標(biāo)盾沫。
Planning - Establish the scope of the project and define the course of action required.
規(guī)劃過程組 - 明確項(xiàng)目范圍裁赠，制定完成項(xiàng)目所需的行動方案。目的是制定工作路線赴精。 訂尺子佩捞。
Executing - Complete the work defined in the project management plan.
執(zhí)行過程組 - 完成項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃中確定的工作。目的是按尺子辦事蕾哟。
Monitoring & Controlling - Track, review and regulate the progress of the project.
監(jiān)控過程組 - 跟蹤一忱、審查和調(diào)整項(xiàng)目進(jìn)展。目的是測量項(xiàng)目績效谭确，識別必要變更并啟動相應(yīng)變更帘营。
Closing - Finallize all activities to formally close the project or phase.
收尾過程組 - 完結(jié)所有活動以正式結(jié)束項(xiàng)目或階段。目的是了結(jié)項(xiàng)目 逐哈，讓一切圓滿芬迄。
(Process groups often overlap and are rarely one-time events)
（過程組通常互相重疊昂秃，且不會只進(jìn)行一次）
Process Types 過程類型
Project Processes - Help manage the project.
項(xiàng)目過程 - 協(xié)助管理項(xiàng)目的過程禀梳。
Product Processes - Create the project's product.
產(chǎn)品過程 - 創(chuàng)造項(xiàng)目產(chǎn)品的過程。
Project Phases & Lifecycles 項(xiàng)目階段 & 項(xiàng)目生命周期
Project Phase - A collection of related project activities that results in completed deliverables.
項(xiàng)目階段 - 以可交付成果的完成作為結(jié)束的一組相互關(guān)聯(lián)的項(xiàng)目活動的集合肠骆。
Project Phase Gate - A review at the end of a phase before moving on to the next.
項(xiàng)目階段關(guān)口 - 在項(xiàng)目階段結(jié)束點(diǎn)出皇，進(jìn)入下一個階段之前的一次審查。
Project Lifecycle - The series of phases that a project goes through.
項(xiàng)目生命周期 - 一個項(xiàng)目經(jīng)歷的一系列階段的總和哗戈。
- Predictive("waterfall") - Scope, cost and schedule is determined early; changes managed closely.
- 預(yù)測型生命周期（“瀑布型”）- 范圍郊艘、時間和成本在早期就確定； 所有變更都要進(jìn)行仔細(xì)管理唯咬。
- Iterative - Scope determined early; time and cost may change; increments add functionality.
- 迭代型生命周期 - 項(xiàng)目范圍在早期確定纱注；時間和成本將不斷修改；漸進(jìn)增加功能胆胰。
- Incremental - Deliverables created through iterations; only complete after final iteration.
- 增量型生命周期 - 通過一系列迭代來產(chǎn)出可交付成果狞贱。只有最后一次迭代后可交付成果才完整。
- Adaptive - Agile, iterative, or incremental; scope approved before the start of an iteration.
- 適應(yīng)型生命周期 - 屬于敏捷型蜀涨、迭代型或增量型瞎嬉；項(xiàng)目范圍在迭代開始前就得到批準(zhǔn)。
- Hybrid - Combines predictive and agile; fixed reqt's use predictive; evolving reqt's use agile.
- 混合型生命周期 - 預(yù)測型和適應(yīng)型的組合厚柳；確定需求的項(xiàng)目用預(yù)測型氧枣；發(fā)展中的需求項(xiàng)目用適應(yīng)型。
Project Tailoring 項(xiàng)目裁剪
As each project is unique; not all inputs, outputs, tools and techniques will be required.
每個項(xiàng)目都獨(dú)一無二别垮，不是所有的輸入便监、輸出、工具和技術(shù)都會用到。
The tailoring process involves selecting those things which are appropriate for a given project.
裁剪的過程即為某個項(xiàng)目來選擇合適的輸入烧董、輸出毁靶、工具及技術(shù)。
Project Information 項(xiàng)目管理信息
Work Performance Data - The raw observations and measurements generated during activities.
工作績效數(shù)據(jù) - 項(xiàng)目活動中獲得的原始觀察結(jié)果和測量值逊移。
Work Performance Information - The performance data collected, analyzed and integrated.
工作績效信息 - 收集预吆、分析并整合后得到的績效數(shù)據(jù)。
Work Performance Reports - The physical or electronic representation of work performance info.
工作績效報告 - 紙質(zhì)或電子化的匯編工作績效信息的文件胳泉。
項(xiàng)目管理商業(yè)文件
項(xiàng)目商業(yè)論證 - 文檔化的經(jīng)濟(jì)可行性研究報告啡浊，用來對方案收益進(jìn)行有效性論證。(需求評估結(jié)果可能會在商業(yè)論證文件中進(jìn)行總結(jié))
項(xiàng)目效益管理計(jì)劃 - 描述了項(xiàng)目實(shí)現(xiàn)效益的方式和時間胶背，以及應(yīng)制定的效益衡量機(jī)制巷嚣。
