埃航墜機(jī)波音再受質(zhì)疑

中國航空公司停飛737 Max

Boeing Faces Questions About Its New 737 Max Jets After Ethiopia Crash

The trouble appeared to begin almost immediately after takeoff. The pilots told air traffic controllers that they were having technical problems. And the plane seemed to repeatedly climb and dive before a final plunge.

看起來問題幾乎是在起飛后就立刻就出現(xiàn)了沐鼠。飛行員告訴空中管制員他們遇到了技術(shù)問題。飛機(jī)似乎在反復(fù)爬升和下墜叹谁，直到最后的墜落饲梭。

plunge

作名詞表示“突降；俯沖”焰檩，英文解釋為“a sudden movement down or forwards”舉個(gè)??：

The plane began a headlong plunge towards the Earth.

飛機(jī)開始栽向地面憔涉。

還有價(jià)格、價(jià)值等的“驟降”的意思（a sudden large decrease in the price, value etc of something）析苫，如：a dramatic plunge in house prices 房價(jià)的暴跌兜叨。

對比dive：

dive

此處作動(dòng)詞穿扳，表示“俯沖；下潛”，英文解釋為“to travel down through the air or through water to a lower level”；

dive同樣也可以作名詞兑徘，

1）表示“俯沖；下潛”贩耐，英文解釋為“when something moves down through the air or water”；

2）表示“（數(shù)量、價(jià)值或運(yùn)氣的）突降，暴跌”吧雹，英文解釋為“a sudden fall in the amount, value, or success of something ”；舉個(gè)??：

The news put shares in a dive.

這條新聞使得股票大跌涂身。

Two eerily similar scenes have played out in recent months for Boeing's brand-new 737 Max jets: on Sunday, when an Ethiopian Airlines flight crashed just after taking off from Addis Ababa, killing 157 people, and in October, when a Lion Air disaster killed 189 people in Indonesia.

最近幾個(gè)月，波音公司(Boeing)全新的737 Max飛機(jī)發(fā)生了兩起詭異的相似事件：周日搓蚪，埃塞俄比亞航空(Ethiopian Airlines)一航班在從亞的斯亞貝巴起飛后墜毀蛤售，造成157人死亡，而去年10月妒潭，印尼獅子航空(Lion Air)另一起空難則造成189人死亡悴能。

eerily

eerily /?????li/ 表示“怪誕地；奇異地雳灾；可怕地”漠酿，英文解釋為“In a strange and frightening manner”。

The Ethiopian crash occurred just outside the country's capital, leaving a smoking crater where investigators combed over the grim scene. Much about the cause of the crash remains unknown and will take weeks to investigate, and Boeing and the National Transportation Safety Board are sending teams to the crash site.

埃航就墜毀在該國首都郊外谎亩，留下了一個(gè)冒著煙的大坑炒嘲，調(diào)查人員在可怖的現(xiàn)場進(jìn)行搜查。關(guān)于墜機(jī)原因還有許多未知的東西匈庭，調(diào)查需要進(jìn)行數(shù)周夫凸，而波音公司和美國國家運(yùn)輸安全委員會(huì)(National Transportation Safety Board)正在派遣調(diào)查組前往墜機(jī)現(xiàn)場。

crater

表示“（物體墜落阱持、炸彈爆炸等在地上造成的）坑”夭拌，英文解釋為“a round hole in the ground made by something that has fallen on it or by an explosion”，如：craters on the moon's surface 月球表面的坑衷咽。

comb

表示“徹底搜查鸽扁，四處搜尋”，英文解釋為“If you comb a place, you search everywhere in it in order to find someone or something.”舉個(gè)??：

Officers combed the woods for the murder weapon.

警官們徹底搜查了那片樹林镶骗，尋找殺人兇器桶现。

But the rarity of two planes of the same model going down in such a short time span has urgently caught the attention of pilots, passengers, engineers and industry analysts.

然而，相同型號的兩架飛機(jī)在如此短的時(shí)間內(nèi)墜毀卖词，這一罕見情況已迫切引起飛行員巩那、乘客吏夯、工程師和行業(yè)分析師的注意。

For Boeing, the questions go to the heart of its business, as the 737 class is a workhorse for airlines worldwide, and the single-aisle 737 Max has been the company's best-selling plane ever. By the end of January, Boeing had delivered over 350 737 Max jets since putting them in service in 2017. They have a list price of around $120 million, the company said, and around 5,000 more are on order.

對于波音公司來說即横，問題直指其業(yè)務(wù)的核心噪生，因?yàn)?37是全球航空公司的主力機(jī)型，而單通道的737 Max則一直是該公司最暢銷的飛機(jī)东囚。截止1月底跺嗽，波音公司已交付了350架737 Max，該機(jī)型自2017年開始服役页藻。它們的定價(jià)約為1.2億美元桨嫁，該公司表示，大約還有5000架的訂單份帐。

list price

表示“（廠商的）定價(jià)璃吧，標(biāo)價(jià)”，英文解釋為“The list price of an item is the price which the manufacturer suggests that a shop should charge for it.”

“There's a whole lot of questions here and not a lot of answers,” said John Cox, former executive air safety chairman of the Air Line Pilots Association in the United States and now chief executive of Safety Operating Systems, a consulting firm.

“現(xiàn)在有很多問題废境，答案卻不多畜挨，”美國航空公司飛行員協(xié)會(huì)(Air Line Pilots Association)前執(zhí)行航空安全主席、現(xiàn)任咨詢公司安全運(yùn)作系統(tǒng)(Safety Operating Systems)首席執(zhí)行官的約翰·考克斯(John Cox)說噩凹。

a whole lot

1) 表示“大量”巴元，英文解釋為“a large number”舉個(gè)??：

I said no, for a whole lot of reasons.

我拒絕了，原因很多驮宴。

2) 表示“非常”逮刨，英文解釋為“very much”舉個(gè)??：

Things were about to get a whole lot worse.

事情就要變得非常糟糕。

The business of building and selling jets is brutally competitive, and the 737 Max was Boeing's answer to an update that Airbus, the giant European aircraft manufacturer, unveiled for its popular A320 jet that made it more fuel-efficient. The two companies are global leaders in the field, and they have jockeyed for dominance for years. About 10,000 total planes from Boeing's 737 family are in service, compared with over 8,000 in Airbus' A320 family. Many airlines rely on these kinds of planes as linchpins of their fleets. They are designed to efficiently serve short- and medium-haul routes (like New York to Miami or Los Angeles), and carry about 200 passengers.

建造和銷售噴氣式飛機(jī)的業(yè)務(wù)競爭嚴(yán)酷堵泽，737 Max是波音公司對歐洲飛機(jī)制造商空中客車公司(Airbus)一款機(jī)型的回應(yīng)修己，該機(jī)型是空客對受歡迎的A320飛機(jī)的一次升級，燃料效率高于原機(jī)型落恼。兩家公司是該領(lǐng)域的全球領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者箩退，多年來一直在爭奪主導(dǎo)地位。波音737家族大約有10000架飛機(jī)正在服役佳谦，而空客的A320家族則有超過8000架戴涝。許多航空公司依賴這些型號的飛機(jī)作為其機(jī)隊(duì)的支柱。它們在設(shè)計(jì)上針對的是能夠高效服務(wù)于中短途航線（如紐約至邁阿密或洛杉磯）钻蔑，可搭載約200名乘客啥刻。

sb/sth's answer to sb/sth

表示“與…相當(dāng)（或同樣好）的人（或物）；…的對應(yīng)物”咪笑，英文解釋為“If something or someone is the answer to another thing or person, it is or they are considered to be similar or as good.”舉個(gè)??：

The Space Needle is Seattle's answer to the Eiffel Tower.

西雅圖的太空針?biāo)?strong>堪比艾菲爾鐵塔可帽。

在譯文中，《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》把這里的“Boeing's answer to an update that Airbus”譯為：波音公司對空中客車公司(Airbus)一款機(jī)型的回應(yīng)窗怒。你有更好的譯法嗎映跟？

1月份的推送：

今天的頭條留給微信

順便提一下球恤，此前

「百度&谷歌」2018年度熱搜榜單發(fā)布

通常荸镊，提到Weibo時(shí)候也會(huì)介紹為中國版的Twitter咽斧，常見的有幾種說法（不完全統(tǒng)計(jì)）：

1) Weibo, China's heavily censored version of Twitter (The Economist)

2) Weibo, China's Twitter-like service (SCMP)

3) Weibo, the Chinese equivalent to Twitter (NPR NEWS)

4) Twitter-like Weibo (Reuters)

5) Weibo, a Twitter-like platform (NYT)

etc. 歡迎補(bǔ)充~

jockey

表示“（為獲得最佳位置、最有利形勢或最大權(quán)力而）激烈競爭”躬存，英文解釋為“to compete strongly to get into the best position or situation, or to get the most power”舉個(gè)??：

After the war, rival politicians began to jockey for power.

戰(zhàn)后张惹，敵對的政客們開始激烈地爭權(quán)。

the linchpin of sth

linchpin /?l?nt??p?n/

表示“（團(tuán)體岭洲、制度等的）關(guān)鍵人物/事物”宛逗，英文解釋為“the person or thing in a group, system etc that is most important, because everything depends on them”。

Boeing's response to its rival's move was a more efficient engine, but the Max engine was bigger than the earlier versions. To address this engineering challenge, Boeing updated the software for the flight control system. After the Lion Air crash, some U.S. aviation authorities said that the change had not been adequately explained to pilots.

波音用一個(gè)更高效的引擎來回應(yīng)其競爭對手的行動(dòng)盾剩，但Max的引擎比早期版本更大拧额。為解決這一工程挑戰(zhàn)，波音更新了飛行控制系統(tǒng)的軟件彪腔。在獅子航空墜機(jī)事件發(fā)生后，一些美國航空當(dāng)局表示进栽，這些變化并沒有向飛行員作充分的解釋德挣。

But in light of the Indonesian disaster, pilots have since been informed by Boeing and regulatory agencies of the Max's new system, and airlines have provided training classes on it. Whether Ethiopian Airlines, which, unlike Lion Air, has a strong safety reputation, carried out that training was not immediately known.

但考慮到印尼的災(zāi)難，波音公司和監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)已向飛行員通報(bào)了Max新系統(tǒng)的情況快毛，航空公司也提供了有關(guān)該系統(tǒng)的培訓(xùn)課程格嗅。與獅航不同，埃航擁有極好的安全聲譽(yù)唠帝，目前尚不清楚公司是否開展了該培訓(xùn)屯掖。

in (the) light of

表示“因?yàn)椋b于”襟衰，英文解釋為“because of”舉個(gè)??：

In light of recent incidents, we are asking our customers to take particular care of their personal belongings.

鑒于最近發(fā)生的幾起事件贴铜，我們提醒顧客要特別注意照看好自己的個(gè)人物品。

Boeing installed the system on the new 737s as part of the “control law” — commands issued by the plane's flight-control computer that bypass the pilots. On the Lion Air flight, the swings up and down may have come about as pilots repeatedly tried to keep that system from pushing the nose of the aircraft down and putting it into a fatal dive. Whatever happened, the Indonesian pilots lost their battle after about 12 minutes of flight.

波音公司在新的737飛機(jī)上安裝了該系統(tǒng)瀑晒，作為“控制律”的一部分——“控制律”是指飛機(jī)的飛行控制計(jì)算機(jī)繞過飛行員發(fā)出的指令绍坝。在獅航航班上，飛機(jī)的上下擺動(dòng)可能是因?yàn)橄到y(tǒng)在將機(jī)頭下壓苔悦，使飛機(jī)開始進(jìn)行致命的俯沖轩褐，而飛行員在反復(fù)試圖阻止它。無論發(fā)生了什么玖详，印尼飛行員在大約12分鐘的飛行后輸?shù)袅诉@場戰(zhàn)斗把介。

While a malfunction of that system is a possibility in the Ethiopian flight, which lasted about six minutes and included a shorter series of swings, early information is still too sketchy to draw conclusions. And what is known so far does not rule out pilot error or the malfunction of a completely separate system.

這一次的埃航航班持續(xù)了大約六分鐘勤讽，其中包括一系列較短的上下擺動(dòng)，盡管有可能是該系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)了故障拗踢，但早期信息仍然過于粗略脚牍，無法得出結(jié)論。目前所知的情況并不能排除飛行員的失誤秒拔，或是另一個(gè)系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)故障莫矗。

sketchy

表示“不完全的，粗略的砂缩，簡略的”作谚，英文解釋為“not thorough or complete, and not having enough details to be useful”。

Robert Stengel, an expert on flight control systems and a professor of engineering and applied science at Princeton University, said it was not clear whether the rocking trajectory of the Ethiopian jet was caused by a malfunctioning control system or pilots trying to fly the plane manually while distracted by some other, as yet unknown, emergency.

飛行控制系統(tǒng)專家庵芭、普林斯頓大學(xué)(Princeton University)工程與應(yīng)用科學(xué)教授羅伯特·斯坦格爾(Robert Stengel)說妹懒，目前尚不清楚埃航飛機(jī)擺動(dòng)的軌跡是因控制系統(tǒng)故障造成，還是飛行員因其他未知緊急情況而試圖手動(dòng)操縱飛機(jī)双吆。

While cautioning that no conclusions could be reached without more information, Stengel said that broad similarities in the two crashes could not help but affect the flying public.

斯坦格爾警告說眨唬，在沒有更多信息的情況下無法得出任何結(jié)論，但他說好乐，兩起墜機(jī)事件的眾多相似之處無法不對乘飛機(jī)出行的公眾產(chǎn)生影響匾竿。

“If you're simply looking at circumstantial evidence, that gives you pause, doesn't it?” Stengel said. “That's not a deep technical observation — that's just human nature.”

“如果只看間接證據(jù)，這些已經(jīng)足以讓你猶豫了蔚万，不是嗎?”斯坦格爾說岭妖。“這不是什么深刻的技術(shù)觀察——這只是人性反璃￡腔牛”

Analysts agree that Wall Street is not going to be kind to Boeing stock Monday. And whatever hit its shares take will weigh heavily on the Dow Jones industrial average, which in recent years has been lifted by Boeing's success.

分析人士一致認(rèn)為，到周一淮蜈，華爾街不會(huì)善待波音公司的股票斋攀。無論其股價(jià)受到何種打擊，都會(huì)給道瓊斯工業(yè)平均指數(shù)帶來沉重壓力梧田，近年來淳蔼，波音的成功提振了該指數(shù)。

weigh on sb/sth

表示“（問題柿扣、責(zé)任等）使（某人）焦慮不安肖方，使（某人）擔(dān)憂”，英文解釋為“If a problem or responsibility weighs on you, it makes you worried or unhappy.”舉個(gè)??：

He's under huge pressure at work and it's really weighing on him.

他工作壓力很大未状，內(nèi)心負(fù)擔(dān)很重俯画。

Shares of Boeing have tripled since the presidential election in 2016, making it the highest-priced stock in the Dow. From Nov. 8, 2016, through Friday, the Dow added more than 7,000 points, and Boeing's rise accounted for nearly 30 percent of its gain.

自2016年美國總統(tǒng)大選以來，波音股價(jià)已上漲兩倍司草，成為道瓊斯指數(shù)中定價(jià)最高的股票艰垂。從2016年11月8日到周五泡仗，道瓊斯工業(yè)平均指數(shù)上漲了7000多點(diǎn)，波音公司的漲幅占其漲幅的近30%猜憎。

At the close of trading Friday, Boeing was valued at nearly $239 billion, with a stock price above $422 a share. The company, which employs about 150,000 people, took in just over $100 billion in 2018, with profit for the year topping $10 billion.

周五收盤時(shí)娩怎，波音市值接近2390億美元，每股價(jià)格超過422美元胰柑。該公司擁有約15萬名員工截亦，2018年的收入略高于1000億美元，全年利潤超過100億美元柬讨。

Boeing has said that it is evaluating changes to the new software, and a person briefed on the matter said an upgrade was in the works.

波音曾表示正在評估對新軟件的改動(dòng)崩瓤，一位知情人士說更新版本正在開發(fā)中。

On Monday morning in China, most Chinese carriers stopped using the dozens of Boeing 737 Max jets that they had acquired and began flying Boeing 737-800s on the same routes. The Civil Aviation Administration of China then issued an order for the mandatory grounding of Boeing 737 Max planes by Chinese carriers.

周一上午踩官，大多數(shù)中國航空公司已經(jīng)停止使用其購買的數(shù)十架波音737 Max 8飛機(jī)却桶，開始在同一航線上使用波音737-800。中國民用航空局隨后發(fā)布命令蔗牡，要求中國航空公司強(qiáng)制停飛波音737 Max 8颖系。

grounding

此處的grounding表示“飛機(jī)停飛”，英文解釋為“the process of officially stopping an aircraft from flying, especially because it is not safe to fly”辩越。

Flight-tracking websites showed that Chinese airlines were starting to substitute Boeing 737-800s on Monday morning on routes on which they had previously operated a Boeing 737 Max.

飛行跟蹤網(wǎng)站顯示嘁扼，周一上午，中國航空公司已經(jīng)在原來使用波音737 Max 8的航線上使用波音737-800進(jìn)行替代黔攒。

China's main airlines are among the biggest users of Boeing 737 Max 8s, having ordered at least 104 of them and taken delivery of at least 70. By contrast, many other carriers, often in slower-growing markets than China's, have taken delivery of only a small fraction of their orders for Boeing 737 Max 8s.

中國各大航空公司是波音737 Max 8的最大用戶之一偷拔，訂購了至少104架，至少70架已經(jīng)交付亏钩。相比之下，其他許多航空公司（往往是在增長速度比中國慢的市場）已獲交付的波音737 Max 8飛機(jī)只占其訂單的一小部分欺旧。

The pilots who fly the 737 Max are keeping a close eye on developments. Dennis Tajer, a spokesman for the American Airlines pilot union and a 737 pilot, said the training and other information had restored pilots' confidence in Boeing since the Indonesia crash.

駕駛737 Max的飛行員正在密切關(guān)注事態(tài)的發(fā)展姑丑。美國航空飛行員工會(huì)發(fā)言人、737客機(jī)飛行員丹尼斯·塔耶爾(Dennis Tajer)表示辞友，自印尼墜機(jī)事件以來栅哀，培訓(xùn)和其他信息已經(jīng)恢復(fù)了飛行員對波音的信心。

Tajer said it was too soon to say that the Ethiopian crash would change that view. But, he added, “We're not far off the time when we were being told that new equipment on the Max wasn't disclosed. We have that memory to work with.”

塔耶爾說称龙，現(xiàn)在說埃航的失事會(huì)改變這種看法還為時(shí)過早留拾。但他補(bǔ)充說，“不久前我們還曾被告知鲫尊，Max的新設(shè)備情況沒有被充分披露痴柔。我們對此記憶猶新∫呦颍”

“It's too early,” he said, to say what influence the crash will have, “but boy, are we watching.”

“現(xiàn)在還為時(shí)過早咳蔚，”他是指墜機(jī)事件會(huì)產(chǎn)生什么樣的影響豪嚎。“但我們正在觀望谈火〕扪”

來源：紐約時(shí)報(bào)

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