查看Linux服務(wù)器信息
- 使用lsb_release -a命令查看服務(wù)器信息焚鲜，如出現(xiàn)“未找到命令”的錯(cuò)誤邀桑，需要安裝對(duì)應(yīng)的包
[root@yz_server_001 ~]# lsb_release -a
-bash: lsb_release: 未找到命令
- 安裝redhat-lsb軟件包
[root@yz_server_001 ~]# yum install -y redhat-lsb
- 再次執(zhí)行l(wèi)sb_release -a
[root@yz_server_001 ~]# lsb_release -a
LSB Version: :core-4.1-amd64:core-4.1-noarch:cxx-4.1-amd64:cxx-4.1-noarch:desktop-4.1-amd64:desktop-4.1-noarch:languages-4.1-amd64:languages-4.1-noarch:printing-4.1-amd64:printing-4.1-noarch
Distributor ID: CentOS
Description: CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)
Release: 7.6.1810
Codename: Core
安裝依賴包
- 安裝gcc編譯器
# 執(zhí)行g(shù)cc --version命令钟鸵，如果有就不用安裝，沒有就執(zhí)行以下安裝命令
[root@yz_server_001 ~]# yum -y install gcc
- 安裝其它依賴包
[root@yz_server_001 ~]# yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel libffi-devel
下載Python3.7.6源碼包
[root@yz_server_001 ~]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.6/Python-3.7.6.tgz
解壓及安裝
# 解壓安裝包
[root@yz_server_001 ~]# tar zxvf Python-3.7.6.tgz
# 執(zhí)行安裝
[root@yz_server_001 ~]# cd python-3.7.6
[root@yz_server_001 ~]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3
[root@yz_server_001 ~]# make && make install
建立軟連接
[root@yz_server_001 ~]# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python3
[root@yz_server_001 ~]# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3.7 /usr/bin/pip3
測(cè)試
[root@yz_server_001 ~]# which python3
/usr/bin/python3
[root@yz_server_001 ~]# python3
Python 3.7.6 (default, Feb 9 2020, 20:11:28)
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>
修改Linux默認(rèn)python版本
修改默認(rèn)的版本拾弃，并不是刪除你不需要的版本哩照，因?yàn)橄到y(tǒng)的許多底層是依賴python的，刪除后可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)無法正常運(yùn)行椰棘。
只需要?jiǎng)h除/usr/bin目錄下的python link文件纺棺，然后再建立新的鏈接關(guān)系即可：
[root@yz_server_001]# python
Python 2.7.5 (default, Aug 7 2019, 00:51:29)
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>
[root@yz_server_001]# ll /usr/bin/python*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Nov 5 23:09 /usr/bin/python -> python2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Feb 2 21:24 /usr/bin/python-config -> python2-config
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Nov 5 23:09 /usr/bin/python2 -> python2.7
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Feb 2 21:24 /usr/bin/python2-config -> python2.7-config
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7216 Aug 7 2019 /usr/bin/python2.7
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1835 Aug 7 2019 /usr/bin/python2.7-config
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 32 Feb 9 20:13 /usr/bin/python3 -> /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.7
[root@yz_server_001]# cd /usr/bin/
[root@yz_server_001 bin]# rm -rf /usr/bin/python
[root@yz_server_001 bin]# ln -s /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python
[root@yz_server_001 bin]# ll /usr/bin/python*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Feb 22 10:27 /usr/bin/python -> /usr/bin/python3
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Feb 2 21:24 /usr/bin/python-config -> python2-config
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Nov 5 23:09 /usr/bin/python2 -> python2.7
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Feb 2 21:24 /usr/bin/python2-config -> python2.7-config
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7216 Aug 7 2019 /usr/bin/python2.7
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1835 Aug 7 2019 /usr/bin/python2.7-config
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 32 Feb 9 20:13 /usr/bin/python3 -> /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.7
[root@yz_server_001]# python
Python 3.7.6 (default, Feb 9 2020, 20:11:28)
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>
可能存在的問題
- make沒有報(bào)錯(cuò)，但是在編譯的時(shí)候報(bào) ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘_ctypes’ 錯(cuò)誤
解決方法：
yum -y install libffi-devel tk-devel
然后重新執(zhí)行make install邪狞。
在pip3 install package的過程如出現(xiàn)這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤祷蝌，也可以用這個(gè)方法解決。
