6.26

Guidelines for reporting an fMRI study

Talairach space: a potent source of confusion in neuroimaging.?

1. Describe both who the subjects were and who they were not

2. Describe both what the subjects were asked to do what they actually did

3. Know what "Talairach space" .

- reporting coordinates as being in "Talairach space" without more details is not enough. You should also give the specific details of the spatial normalization method, including the type of transformation used, and what kind of image is being transformed.?

4. Specify how regions of interest were determined

Regions of interest (ROIs)?

5. Provide enough detail to reproduce the analysis

6. Report statistical tests to support all claims

7. Always describe and account for the multiple testing problem

- Voxel- or cluster-wise control of family-wise error, voxel-wise control of the false discovery rate, or formal heuristics which have been shown to control false positives in some objective manner.?

8.?Figures and tables should stand on their own

9.?Quality control measures should be documented

10.?

6.30?

“The Brain’s Default Mode Network”?

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? --? Marcus E. Raichle

Default Mode Network: DMN （PET 結(jié)果中，任務(wù)態(tài)下的默認(rèn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)始終會減少其活動目锭；對大腦內(nèi)在活動的研究矿酵，即通常所說的靜息態(tài)下的研究装蓬，在ren）

大腦的默認(rèn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)由離散的、雙側(cè)并且對稱的皮層區(qū)域組成，位于大腦內(nèi)側(cè)和外側(cè)頂葉迅腔、內(nèi)側(cè)前額葉、內(nèi)側(cè)和外側(cè)顳葉皮質(zhì)靠娱。

1. Shulman 1997 沧烈、2001 Inaugural article: a default mode of brain function (Raiche et al. 2001)在需要集中注意力、目標(biāo)導(dǎo)向的任務(wù)中所觀察到的大腦區(qū)在靜息狀態(tài)下并沒有被激活像云，這表明大腦內(nèi)在活正在進(jìn)行的活動中存在一個(gè)迄今尚未被識別的組織锌雀。這一組織的形式被命名為“默認(rèn)神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)”

? ? PET:耗氧量/供氧量=氧萃取分?jǐn)?shù)（the oxygenextraction fraction, OEF）

2. 腹側(cè)內(nèi)側(cè)前額葉皮層 VMPC(ventral medial prefrontal cortex) 是網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵元素，它們通過眶額葉皮層接收來自外部世界和身體的感覺信息迅诬，并將這些信息傳遞給下丘腦腋逆、杏仁核和中腦導(dǎo)水管周圍灰質(zhì)等結(jié)構(gòu)。默認(rèn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)作為一個(gè)與社會行為侈贷、情緒控制和動機(jī)驅(qū)動有關(guān)的感覺-內(nèi)臟運(yùn)動聯(lián)系的潛在作用惩歉，這些都是個(gè)體星河行程的重要組成部分。

情緒狀態(tài)可以直接影響默認(rèn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中VMPC的活動水平。

總結(jié)：默認(rèn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)在支持情感處理（VPMC）撑蚌、自我參照心理活動（DMPC）和回憶先前經(jīng)歷的過程（默認(rèn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的后驗(yàn)元素）中起著重要的作用上遥。

7.2?

Mapping the self in the brain's default mode network

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?---?Christopher G. Davey

Initially task negative network? --> External task related

1. It was initially assumed that the default mode network was most commonly active when a person is not focused on the outside world and the brain is at?wakeful?rest, such as during?daydreaming?and?mind-wandering.?

2. However, it is now known that it can contribute to elements of experience that are related to external task performance (social working memory or autobiographical tasks).?

Study trends:

Finding the regions responsible for this constant background activity level.