如何保護(hù)一個(gè)星球
How to Protect a Planet
原文地址：https://medium.com/climate-desk/how-to-protect-a-planet-a39e14b84f5c
Once, many years ago, I was sitting on an airplane chatting with an agreeable man in the next seat. He worked at NASA, and his job was to make sure that nothing that left earth on a spacecraft would contaminate the environment on other planets. He gave me his card, and it had the best job title I’ve ever seen: Planetary Protection Officer.
許多年前芜飘，我某次坐飛機(jī)的時(shí)候和鄰座的一個(gè)討人喜歡的男士聊天。他在 NASA 工作，工作內(nèi)容就是確保宇宙飛船上的那些來(lái)自地球的物質(zhì)不會(huì)污染其他星球的環(huán)境雄可。他給我一張名片柬甥，我看到了這輩子見(jiàn)過(guò)最棒的職位：行星保護(hù)官。
I thought of him again this morning when two remarkable stories criss-crossed in the news: the discovery of liquid water on Mars, and Shell’s decision to back down from drilling in the Arctic.
當(dāng)今天早上看見(jiàn)這兩個(gè)交錯(cuò)的新聞的時(shí)候我又想起了他：在火星上發(fā)現(xiàn)了液態(tài)水以及殼牌公司決定放棄在北極的鉆探冤荆。
The first was a great scientific achievement, as spectrographs on NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter were able to show through the analysis of chemical signatures that intermittent dark streaks that appear and then fade on Martian canyon walls had to be water.
第一條是卓越的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)踊沸，NASA 火星軌道探測(cè)器上的攝譜儀通過(guò)分析在火星峽谷上時(shí)隱時(shí)現(xiàn)的那些不連續(xù)黑色條紋的化學(xué)成分得出了那就是水的結(jié)論歇终。
That’s amazing?—?it certainly heightens the chance that there could be microbial life on the red planet.
太驚人了，這增加了在這顆紅色星球上存在微生物的的可能性逼龟。
But almost as amazing was to read the details of the story and learn that my seat-mate’s successor as NASA’s planetary protection officer, a woman named Catharine Conley, was not letting the Mars Rover anywhere near the streaks, though some of them were within driving distance.
當(dāng)我仔細(xì)閱讀這則新聞然后發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)時(shí)我的鄰座的繼任者也就是 NASA 的行星保護(hù)官评凝，一位叫做 Catharine Conley 的女性表示火星探測(cè)器不可以接近那些條紋，即使那些地方處于可探測(cè)距離時(shí)同樣是驚訝的腺律。
The vehicle hadn’t been fully sterilized before it left earth; therefore at least for now the streaks were off limits. We’re taking enormous care to make sure they stay pristine
探測(cè)器在離開(kāi)地球前沒(méi)有被完全消毒奕短；因此至少現(xiàn)在那些條紋屬于禁區(qū)。我們必須盡力保證那些地方處于原始狀態(tài)匀钧。
Meanwhile, back on our own planet, Shell announced that it was pulling the plug on efforts to drill in the Arctic “for the foreseeable future.” The official reason was that they hadn’t found as much oil as they’d hoped for. The unofficial reason, as sources in Shell made clear to reporters, was the brand damage they’d suffered?—?and rightly so.
同時(shí)翎碑，在我們自己的星球上，殼牌聲稱將在“可預(yù)見(jiàn)的未來(lái)”停止在北極的鉆探榴捡。官方理由是因?yàn)闆](méi)有找到如預(yù)期一樣的數(shù)量的石油杈女。非官方理由，正如殼牌內(nèi)部對(duì)記者指出的吊圾，是他們已經(jīng)遭受的以及正在遭受的品牌損失达椰。
This was a company prepared until this morning to take advantage of the degree to which the planet had already warmed by drilling the thawed Arctic for yet more oil to run up the temperature some more. Just think about that for a moment.
這是一家直到今天早上還在為開(kāi)采已融化的北極獲取更多的石油，不顧地球已經(jīng)因?yàn)檫@個(gè)原因而變暖的事實(shí)项乒，來(lái)欺騙大眾的公司啰劲。你們感受一下。
Enough activists thought about that to make Shell’s life impossible. The company can greenwash a lot?—?they’re currently trying to rehabilitate their image so they can ‘a(chǎn)dvise’ European governments on the upcoming climate talks in Paris?—?but they couldn’t greenwash this. As The Guardian reported this morning, “company sources also accept that Arctic oil polarized debate in a way that damaged the firm. “We were acutely aware of the reputational element to this programme,” one said.
許多環(huán)保分子想讓殼牌公司不再繼續(xù)下去檀何。這家公司能綠色粉刷（指公司為樹(shù)立支持環(huán)保的虛假形象而作的公關(guān)活動(dòng)蝇裤、捐贈(zèng)等）許多事情，比如最近他們就在修復(fù)自己的形象频鉴，以便能在接下來(lái)在巴黎舉辦的氣候會(huì)談中打動(dòng)歐洲政府栓辜，但他們可不能粉刷這個(gè)。衛(wèi)報(bào)今早報(bào)道說(shuō)：“公司認(rèn)為在北極石油問(wèn)題上的兩極化立場(chǎng)已經(jīng)損害了集團(tuán)”垛孔∨核Γ“我們強(qiáng)烈的注意到了在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目中的名聲問(wèn)題”，某人說(shuō)道周荐。
Combined with the ongoing halt to the Keystone pipeline, and the recent end to plans for the world’s largest coal mine in Australia, it means activists have helped to begin defusing three of the planet’s dozen or so largest ‘carbon bombs.’ And Shell’s capitulation will make the next fights easier.
結(jié)合 Keystone 輸油管道的停工狭莱，以及最近在澳大利亞世界最大煤礦計(jì)劃的完結(jié)，環(huán)保分子已經(jīng)開(kāi)始拆除幾個(gè)世界最大的“碳炸彈”概作。殼牌的屈服也會(huì)讓接下來(lái)的戰(zhàn)斗更加容易腋妙。
It shouldn’t have to be this way. In a rational world governments would be working overtime to shut off the flow of carbon to the atmosphere?—?instead it was Barack Obama who gave Shell the green light to go north.
并不是非要這么做。理性的世界各國(guó)政府應(yīng)當(dāng)加班加點(diǎn)地停止往大氣層中排放碳讯榕，然而事實(shí)是奧巴馬批準(zhǔn)了殼牌的北進(jìn)計(jì)劃骤素。
So for now, only other planets have official protection against pollution.
所以至少現(xiàn)在匙睹，只有其他星球才有官方的環(huán)境保護(hù)來(lái)對(duì)抗污染。
In fact here’s what a Planetary Protection Officer looks like on Mars:
事實(shí)上谆甜，火星上的行星保護(hù)官是這樣的：
And here’s what they look like on Terra:
地球上的則是這樣的：
來(lái)自https://medium.com/climate-desk/how-to-protect-a-planet-a39e14b84f5c
