英語流利說 Level6 Unit2 Part1 Learning -Sports Injuries
Sports injuries are injuries that happen to athletes participating in sporting events. In many cases, these types of injuries are due to overuse of a part of the body. For example, runner's knee is a painful condition associated with running, while tennis elbow(美[?elbo?],肘部）?is a form of repetitive（重復(fù)的）?stress injury at the elbow.
Other types of injuries, such as a broken bone, can be caused by hard contact with something. Injuries are a common occurrence(n.遭遇姓建；時(shí)間）?in professional sports, and most teams have a staff of trainers and close connections to the medical community. Controversy?（n.論戰(zhàn)速兔；公開辯論）has arisen at times when teams have made decisions that could threaten a player's long-term health for short-term gain.(短期利益）
Sports injuries can be classified as either traumatic([tra??m?t?k]?涣狗，adj.外傷損傷的)or overuse（過度） injuries. Traumatic injuries account for（說嗎，導(dǎo)致镀钓，引起丁溅，在數(shù)量上占）?most injuries in contact sports such as soccer, rugby（英式橄欖球）,and American football. This is of course due to the dynamic（充滿活力的）?and high collision（碰撞）?nature of these games. These injuries range from bruises （[bruz]探遵；挫傷；擦傷）and muscle strains（拉傷） to fractures（骨折） and head injuries.
A bruise is damage to small blood vessels(血管） which causes bleeding within the tissues（ [?t??u],組織）. A muscle strain is a small tear of muscle fibers（['fa?b?]?饰序，纖維）and a ligament（韌帶）?sprain?（扭傷）is a small tear of ligament tissue. The body's response to these injuries is the same in the initial（最初的） five-day period immediately following the incident（事件）-inflammation（炎癥）. Inflammation is characterized （具有……的特征）by pain, localized swelling（局部腫脹）, heat（發(fā)熱）, redness （紅色）and a loss of function.
Inflammation is the first phase（階段）?of healing（n.康復(fù)）, and typically（通常）?lasts for around five days. However,too much of an inflammatory response can mean that the healing process will take longer, and a return to activity is delayed. Sports injury treatments are intended to minimize the inflammatory phase of an injury so that the overall healing process is accelerated（美[?k?s?l??ret],vi.加快求豫，促進(jìn)）.
