RabbitMQ筆記二十三 ：異步RPC之二（使用Spring AMQP實(shí)現(xiàn)RPC異步調(diào)用）

使用Spring AMQP實(shí)現(xiàn)RPC異步調(diào)用

示列

服務(wù)器端

應(yīng)用啟動(dòng)類代碼，

import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@ComponentScan
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Application.class);
        System.out.println("===server startup======");
        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(120);
        context.close();
    }
}

配置類：
監(jiān)聽了sms隊(duì)列，這個(gè)隊(duì)列將會(huì)是客戶端請(qǐng)求消息發(fā)送到的隊(duì)列，配置了適配器，適配器中去調(diào)用服務(wù)叉抡，適配器返回的值就是服務(wù)端返回給客戶端的RPC調(diào)用的結(jié)果

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AcknowledgeMode;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitAdmin;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessageListenerAdapter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class MQConfig {

    @Bean
    public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory(){
        CachingConnectionFactory factory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
        factory.setUri("amqp://zhihao.miao:123456@192.168.1.131:5672");
        return factory;
    }

    @Bean
    public RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
        RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin = new RabbitAdmin(connectionFactory);
        return rabbitAdmin;
    }

    @Bean
    public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
        RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory);
        return rabbitTemplate;
    }

    @Bean
    public SimpleMessageListenerContainer messageListenerContainer(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
        SimpleMessageListenerContainer container = new SimpleMessageListenerContainer();
        container.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
        container.setQueueNames("sms");
        container.setAcknowledgeMode(AcknowledgeMode.NONE);
        //使用適配器的方式
        container.setMessageListener(new MessageListenerAdapter(new SendSMSHandler()));
        return container;
    }
}

處理器，處理器中調(diào)用具體的服務(wù)答毫，我們此列子中處理器方法返回的值是boolean類型

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class SendSMSHandler {

    public boolean handleMessage(byte[] body){
        String _body = new String(body);
        System.out.println(_body);
        String[] sms = _body.split(":");
        String phone = sms[0];
        String content = sms[1];

        boolean is = SendSMSTool.sendSMS(phone,content);

        try {
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(6);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return is;
    }
}

服務(wù)接口

public class SendSMSTool {

    public static boolean sendSMS(String phone,String content){
        System.out.println("發(fā)送短信內(nèi)容：【"+content+"】到手機(jī)號(hào)："+phone);
        return phone.length() > 6;
    }
}

服務(wù)端步驟

  1. 消息處理方法褥民，一定要有返回值，這個(gè)返回值就是就是server回復(fù)客戶端的結(jié)果洗搂。比如我們SendSMSHandler.handleMessage方法返回的值消返。

客戶端
應(yīng)用啟動(dòng)類：

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageProperties;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.support.CorrelationData;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@ComponentScan
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Application.class);

        RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = context.getBean(RabbitTemplate.class);

        //設(shè)置超時(shí)時(shí)間，單位是ms
        rabbitTemplate.setReplyTimeout(10000);

        String phone = "15634344321";
        String content ="周年慶耘拇，五折優(yōu)惠";

        MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties();
        Message message = new Message((phone+":"+content).getBytes(),messageProperties);

        //rabbitTemplate.send("","sms",message);

        Message reply = rabbitTemplate.sendAndReceive("","sms",message,
                new CorrelationData(UUID.randomUUID().toString()));

        System.out.println(reply);
        System.out.println("message,body:"+new String(reply.getBody()));
        System.out.println("message,properties:"+reply.getMessageProperties());

        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(30);
        context.close();
    }
}

配置類代碼：

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitAdmin;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class MQConfig {

    @Bean
    public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory(){
        CachingConnectionFactory factory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
        factory.setUri("amqp://zhihao.miao:123456@192.168.1.131:5672");
        return factory;
    }

    @Bean
    public RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
        RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin = new RabbitAdmin(connectionFactory);
        return rabbitAdmin;
    }

    @Bean
    public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
        RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory);
        return rabbitTemplate;
    }
}

如果服務(wù)端睡眠6s撵颊，則客戶端通過sendAndReceive方法接收到的Message對(duì)象為空，怎樣設(shè)置呢惫叛？
客戶端通過設(shè)置rabbitTemplate.setReplyTimeout(10000);就可以了倡勇。

客戶端步驟

  1. 使用sendAndReceive方法發(fā)送消息，該方法返回一個(gè)Message對(duì)象嘉涌，該對(duì)象就是server返回的結(jié)果
  2. sendAndReceive如果超過5s還沒有收到結(jié)果妻熊，則返回null夸浅，這個(gè)超時(shí)時(shí)間可以通過rabbitTemplate.setReplyTimeout()來進(jìn)行設(shè)置
  3. server端返回的結(jié)果一定要注意，和MessageConverter有關(guān)扔役，默認(rèn)的org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.SimpleMessageConverter會(huì)把基本的數(shù)據(jù)類型轉(zhuǎn)換成Serializable對(duì)象帆喇，這樣的話，client端接收的也是序列化的java對(duì)象亿胸，所以坯钦，需要合理設(shè)置MessageConverter。

示列代碼中服務(wù)端返回給客戶端的是Boolean類型,

啟動(dòng)服務(wù)端客戶端代碼：
服務(wù)器打印控制臺(tái)打映扌：

15634344321:周年慶婉刀，五折優(yōu)惠
發(fā)送短信內(nèi)容：【周年慶，五折優(yōu)惠】到手機(jī)號(hào)：15634344321

客戶端控制臺(tái)打愚致：

message,body:????sr??java.lang.Boolean? r???????Z??valuexp?
message,properties:MessageProperties [headers={}, timestamp=null, messageId=null, userId=null, receivedUserId=null, appId=null, clusterId=null, type=null, correlationId=null, correlationIdString=null, replyTo=null, contentType=application/x-java-serialized-object, contentEncoding=null, contentLength=0, deliveryMode=null, receivedDeliveryMode=PERSISTENT, expiration=null, priority=0, redelivered=false, receivedExchange=, receivedRoutingKey=amq.rabbitmq.reply-to.g2dkAB5yYWJiaXRAaVpicDFqY3d4N3NmYjFud3pyZWh5NloAAFu0AAAABwI=.kHL9zxtdQmtcxl0mQF8zrg==, receivedDelay=null, deliveryTag=1, messageCount=null, consumerTag=null, consumerQueue=null]

我們發(fā)現(xiàn)客戶端接收到的數(shù)據(jù)亂碼路星，將服務(wù)端的處理器的返回值改寫成String類型的，

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class SendSMSHandler {

    public String handleMessage(byte[] body){
        String _body = new String(body);
        System.out.println(_body);
        String[] sms = _body.split(":");
        String phone = sms[0];
        String content = sms[1];

        boolean is = SendSMSTool.sendSMS(phone,content);

        try {
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(6);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return is ? "success":"false";
    }
}

此時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)客戶端接收的消息數(shù)據(jù)沒有亂碼诱桂，原因何在？我們總結(jié)一下就是服務(wù)器端處理器返回給客戶端boolean類型呈昔，那么返回的消息數(shù)據(jù)就亂碼挥等，如果返回的是String類型，那么返回的消息數(shù)據(jù)就不會(huì)亂碼堤尾。

之前我們學(xué)習(xí)了org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConverter接口肝劲，當(dāng)客戶端向服務(wù)端發(fā)送消息的時(shí)候會(huì)進(jìn)行消息類型轉(zhuǎn)換，調(diào)用了fromMessage方法郭宝，而當(dāng)服務(wù)器返回給客戶端的時(shí)候會(huì)將服務(wù)端的對(duì)象轉(zhuǎn)換成Message對(duì)象辞槐，很明顯調(diào)用的是toMessage方法。

我們知道org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConverter接口的默認(rèn)實(shí)現(xiàn)是org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.SimpleMessageConverter粘室，而toMessage方法的實(shí)現(xiàn)是在其繼承的對(duì)象AbstractMessageConverter中榄檬，

我們看到其AbstractMessageConverter.toMessage方法的實(shí)現(xiàn)邏輯是：

    @Override
    public final Message toMessage(Object object, MessageProperties messageProperties)
            throws MessageConversionException {
        if (messageProperties == null) {
            messageProperties = new MessageProperties();
        }
        //將對(duì)象轉(zhuǎn)換成Message對(duì)象
        Message message = createMessage(object, messageProperties);
        messageProperties = message.getMessageProperties();
        if (this.createMessageIds && messageProperties.getMessageId() == null) {
            messageProperties.setMessageId(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
        }
        return message;
    }

其createMessage方法就是將對(duì)象轉(zhuǎn)換成Message對(duì)象，

    /**
     * Creates an AMQP Message from the provided Object.
     */
    @Override
    protected Message createMessage(Object object, MessageProperties messageProperties) throws MessageConversionException {
        byte[] bytes = null;
        if (object instanceof byte[]) {
            bytes = (byte[]) object;
            messageProperties.setContentType(MessageProperties.CONTENT_TYPE_BYTES);
        }
        else if (object instanceof String) {
            try {
                bytes = ((String) object).getBytes(this.defaultCharset);
            }
            catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                throw new MessageConversionException(
                        "failed to convert to Message content", e);
            }
            messageProperties.setContentType(MessageProperties.CONTENT_TYPE_TEXT_PLAIN);
            messageProperties.setContentEncoding(this.defaultCharset);
        }
        //因?yàn)閎oolean類型實(shí)現(xiàn)Serializable接口衔统，所以會(huì)將其序列化
        else if (object instanceof Serializable) {
            try {
                bytes = SerializationUtils.serialize(object);
            }
            catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
                throw new MessageConversionException(
                        "failed to convert to serialized Message content", e);
            }
            messageProperties.setContentType(MessageProperties.CONTENT_TYPE_SERIALIZED_OBJECT);
        }
        if (bytes != null) {
            messageProperties.setContentLength(bytes.length);
        }
        return new Message(bytes, messageProperties);
    }

我們?cè)诔绦蛑袑⑿蛄谢瘜?duì)象直接轉(zhuǎn)換成字符串所以亂碼鹿榜，而返回的是String類型的情形的時(shí)候先將字符串轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的字節(jié)數(shù)組，然后返回new Message(bytes, messageProperties);就不會(huì)亂碼锦爵。

繼續(xù)探討舱殿，當(dāng)我們服務(wù)端返回的是一個(gè)對(duì)象的時(shí)候，客戶端會(huì)返回空
返回的對(duì)象：

public class SendStatus {

    private String phone;

    private String result;

    public String getPhone() {
        return phone;
    }

    public void setPhone(String phone) {
        this.phone = phone;
    }

    public String getResult() {
        return result;
    }

    public void setResult(String result) {
        this.result = result;
    }
}

將該對(duì)象返回：

public class SendSMSHandler {

    public SendStatus handleMessage(byte[] body){
        String _body = new String(body);
        System.out.println(_body);
        String[] sms = _body.split(":");
        String phone = sms[0];
        String content = sms[1];

        boolean is = SendSMSTool.sendSMS(phone,content);
        SendStatus sendStatus = new SendStatus();
        sendStatus.setPhone(phone);
        sendStatus.setResult(is ? "SUCCESS":"FAILURE");
        return sendStatus;
    }
}

服務(wù)端控制臺(tái)：

15634344321:周年慶险掀，五折優(yōu)惠
發(fā)送短信內(nèi)容：【周年慶沪袭，五折優(yōu)惠】到手機(jī)號(hào)：15634344321

客戶端：

message,body:
message,properties:MessageProperties [headers={}, timestamp=null, messageId=null, userId=null, receivedUserId=null, appId=null, clusterId=null, type=null, correlationId=null, correlationIdString=null, replyTo=null, contentType=application/octet-stream, contentEncoding=null, contentLength=0, deliveryMode=null, receivedDeliveryMode=PERSISTENT, expiration=null, priority=0, redelivered=false, receivedExchange=, receivedRoutingKey=amq.rabbitmq.reply-to.g2dkAB5yYWJiaXRAaVpicDFqY3d4N3NmYjFud3pyZWh5NloAAFxBAAAABwI=.01fOGW/nvS2nz6gKza+cjg==, receivedDelay=null, deliveryTag=1, messageCount=null, consumerTag=null, consumerQueue=null]

原因何在，因?yàn)槲覀兌x的SendStatus不走createMessage中的所有if分支樟氢，最后返回的是null冈绊，怎么解決呢侠鳄，要么自己去定義一個(gè)org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConverter實(shí)現(xiàn)，要么換一個(gè)默認(rèn)的org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConverter實(shí)現(xiàn)焚碌。

改造后的示列

使用AMQP自帶的消息類型轉(zhuǎn)換器Jackson2JsonMessageConverter
服務(wù)端

應(yīng)用啟動(dòng)類畦攘，

import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@ComponentScan
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Application.class);
        System.out.println("===server startup======");
        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(120);
        context.close();
    }
}

配置類，添加自定義的消息轉(zhuǎn)換器

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AcknowledgeMode;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitAdmin;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessageListenerAdapter;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class MQConfig {

    @Bean
    public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory(){
        CachingConnectionFactory factory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
        factory.setUri("amqp://zhihao.miao:123456@192.168.1.131:5672");
        return factory;
    }

    @Bean
    public RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
        RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin = new RabbitAdmin(connectionFactory);
        return rabbitAdmin;
    }

    @Bean
    public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
        RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory);
        return rabbitTemplate;
    }

    @Bean
    public SimpleMessageListenerContainer messageListenerContainer(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
        SimpleMessageListenerContainer container = new SimpleMessageListenerContainer();
        container.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
        container.setQueueNames("sms");
        container.setAcknowledgeMode(AcknowledgeMode.NONE);
        //使用適配器的方式
        container.setMessageListener(new MessageListenerAdapter(new SendSMSHandler(),new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter()));
        return container;
    }
}

處理器handler十电，返回自定義的SendStatus類型

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class SendSMSHandler {

    public SendStatus handleMessage(byte[] body){
        String _body = new String(body);
        System.out.println(_body);
        String[] sms = _body.split(":");
        String phone = sms[0];
        String content = sms[1];

        boolean is = SendSMSTool.sendSMS(phone,content);
        SendStatus sendStatus = new SendStatus();
        sendStatus.setPhone(phone);
        sendStatus.setResult(is ? "SUCCESS":"FAILURE");

        try {
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(6);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return sendStatus;
    }
}

接口服務(wù)知押，

public class SendSMSTool {

    public static boolean sendSMS(String phone,String content){
        System.out.println("發(fā)送短信內(nèi)容：【"+content+"】到手機(jī)號(hào)："+phone);
        return phone.length() > 6;
    }
}

服務(wù)端返回的對(duì)象，

public class SendStatus {
    private String phone;

    private String result;

    public String getPhone() {
        return phone;
    }

    public void setPhone(String phone) {
        this.phone = phone;
    }

    public String getResult() {
        return result;
    }

    public void setResult(String result) {
        this.result = result;
    }
}

客戶端
應(yīng)用啟動(dòng)類鹃骂，

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageProperties;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.support.CorrelationData;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@ComponentScan
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Application.class);

        RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = context.getBean(RabbitTemplate.class);

        //設(shè)置超時(shí)時(shí)間台盯，單位是ms
        rabbitTemplate.setReplyTimeout(10000);

        String phone = "15634344321";
        String content ="周年慶，五折優(yōu)惠";

        MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties();
        Message message = new Message((phone+":"+content).getBytes(),messageProperties);

        //rabbitTemplate.send("","sms",message);

        Message reply = rabbitTemplate.sendAndReceive("","sms",message,
                new CorrelationData(UUID.randomUUID().toString()));

        System.out.println(reply);
        System.out.println("message,body:"+new String(reply.getBody()));
        System.out.println("message,properties:"+reply.getMessageProperties());

        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(30);
        context.close();
    }
}

配置類

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitAdmin;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class MQConfig {

    @Bean
    public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory(){
        CachingConnectionFactory factory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
        factory.setUri("amqp://zhihao.miao:123456@192.168.1.131:5672");
        return factory;
    }

    @Bean
    public RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
        RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin = new RabbitAdmin(connectionFactory);
        return rabbitAdmin;
    }

    @Bean
    public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
        RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory);
        return rabbitTemplate;
    }
}

啟動(dòng)服務(wù)器客戶端畏线，客戶端返回

message,body:{"phone":"15634344321","result":"SUCCESS"}
message,properties:MessageProperties [headers={__TypeId__=rpc.server.SendStatus}, timestamp=null, messageId=null, userId=null, receivedUserId=null, appId=null, clusterId=null, type=null, correlationId=null, correlationIdString=null, replyTo=null, contentType=application/json, contentEncoding=UTF-8, contentLength=0, deliveryMode=null, receivedDeliveryMode=PERSISTENT, expiration=null, priority=0, redelivered=false, receivedExchange=, receivedRoutingKey=amq.rabbitmq.reply-to

返回了SendStatus的JSON格式静盅，因?yàn)槭褂昧?code>Jackson2JsonMessageConverter消息類型轉(zhuǎn)換器。

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