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ORACLE安裝

安裝包：

1.VMware-workstation-full-11.1.0-2496824.exe

2.CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso

3.linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip

linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

[heming @localhost ~]$ su root　　#切換到root

Password:

[root@localhost heming]# groupadd oinstall　　#創(chuàng)建用戶組oinstall

[root@localhost heming]# groupadd dba　　 #創(chuàng)建用戶組dba

[root@localhost heming]# useradd -g oinstall -g dba -m oracle

創(chuàng)建oracle用戶躏精，并加入到oinstall和dba用戶組

[root@localhost heming]# passwd oracle

設(shè)置用戶oracle的登陸密碼，不設(shè)置密碼，在CentOS的圖形登陸界面沒法登陸

Changing password for user oracle.

New password:

密碼

BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters

Retype new password:

確認(rèn)密碼

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

[root@localhost heming]# id oracle

查看新建的oracle用戶

uid=1001(oracle) gid=1002(dba) groups=1002(dba)

2.創(chuàng)建oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫安裝目錄

<pre style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:#FAFAFC">[heming@localhost ~]$ su root</pre>

<pre style="text-align:
justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:#FAFAFC">Password: </pre>

<pre style="text-align:
justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:#FAFAFC">[root@localhost heming]# mkdir -p /data/oracle　　#oracle****數(shù)據(jù)庫安裝目錄</pre>

<pre style="text-align:
justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:#FAFAFC">[root@localhost heming]# mkdir -p /data/oraInventory　　#oracle****數(shù)據(jù)庫配置文件目錄</pre>

<pre style="text-align:
justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:#FAFAFC">[root@localhost heming]# mkdir -p /data/database　　#oracle****數(shù)據(jù)庫軟件包解壓目錄</pre>

<pre style="text-align:
justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:#FAFAFC">[root@localhost heming]# cd /data</pre>

<pre style="text-align:
justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:#FAFAFC">[root@localhost data]# ls　　#****創(chuàng)建完畢檢查一下</pre>

<pre style="text-align:
justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:#FAFAFC">database oracle oraInventory</pre>

<pre style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:#FAFAFC">[root@localhost data]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oracle　　#****設(shè)置目錄所有者為oinstall用戶組的oracle用戶</pre>

<pre style="text-align:
justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:#FAFAFC">[root@localhost data]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oraInventory</pre>

<pre style="text-align:
justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:#FAFAFC">[root@localhost data]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/database</pre>

<pre style="text-align:
justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:#FAFAFC">[root@localhost data]# </pre>

3.修改OS系統(tǒng)標(biāo)識(修改文件 /etc/RedHat-release )

<pre style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:#FAFAFC">[heming@localhost data]$ su root</pre>

<pre style="text-align:
justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:#FAFAFC">Password: </pre>

<pre style="text-align:
justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:#FAFAFC">[root@localhost data]# cat /proc/version </pre>

<pre style="text-align:
justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:#FAFAFC">Linux version 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 (builder@kbuilder.dev.centos.org) (gcc version 4.8.3 20140911 (Red Hat 4.8.3-9) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Thu Nov 19 22:10:57 UTC 2015</pre>

<pre style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:#FAFAFC">[root@localhost data]# cat /etc/redhat-release　　</pre>

<pre style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:#FAFAFC">CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core) </pre>

<pre style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:#FAFAFC">[root@localhost data]# vi /etc/redhat-release</pre>

<pre style="text-align:
justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:#FAFAFC">進(jìn)入到編輯模式了，點擊鍵盤上的“insert”按鈕，再將第一行替換為redhat-7翅阵，按Esc按鈕，輸入:wq，注意這里有一個冒號止状，再回車烹棉，保存并退出. </pre>

<pre style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:#FAFAFC">[root@localhost data]# cat /etc/redhat-release </pre>

4、關(guān)閉防火墻

關(guān)閉防火墻：systemctl stop firewalld.service

禁止使用防火墻：systemctl disable firewalld.service

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5怯疤、關(guān)閉selinux

進(jìn)入編輯狀態(tài)：vi /etc/selinux/config

將SELINUX的值改為disabled浆洗，保存并退出。

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6集峦、修改內(nèi)核參數(shù)

進(jìn)入編輯狀態(tài)：vi /etc/sysctl.conf

在最后添加如下代碼：

net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1

net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1

fs.file-max = 6815744

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max= 4194304

net.core.wmem_default= 262144

net.core.wmem_max= 1048576

保存并退出伏社。

使配置參數(shù)立即生效：sysctl -p

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7、對oracle用戶設(shè)置限制塔淤，提高軟件運(yùn)行性能

進(jìn)入編輯狀態(tài)：vi /etc/security/limits.conf

找到最后一行# End of file摘昌，在它上面空行處添加如下代碼：

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

保存并退出。

8高蜂、配置用戶的環(huán)境變量

進(jìn)入編輯狀態(tài)：vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile

在最后添加如下代碼：

export ORACLE_BASE=/data/oracle #oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫安裝目錄

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=orcl #oracle啟動數(shù)據(jù)庫實例名

export ORACLE_TERM=xterm

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export LANG=C

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

保存并退出聪黎。

使上述配置立即生效：source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

9、上述都搞定了妨马，便可以進(jìn)行oracle的安裝了挺举。

10、切換用戶到oracle用戶烘跺。如下圖所示湘纵，單擊桌面右上角的三角形圖標(biāo)，單擊你的用戶名稱滤淳，單擊切換用戶梧喷。輸入你前面設(shè)置的oracle賬戶登錄密碼。將oracle解壓后的文件復(fù)制到桌面上脖咐，名字為database铺敌，雙擊進(jìn)入該文件夾，空白處單擊右鍵屁擅，選擇Open in Terminal進(jìn)入終端界面偿凭。

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du -s /tmp/*|sort -nr|head -3

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[oracle@localhost ~]$ netca

創(chuàng)建監(jiān)聽

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[oracle@localhost ~]$ dbca

創(chuàng)建用戶

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CenotOS6中文環(huán)境下安裝Oracle 11g 中文亂碼 解決辦法

Linux下安裝Oracle11g，安裝界面亂碼問題解決方法：

解決安裝時中文是"囗囗囗囗囗囗囗囗"

1.進(jìn)入剛解壓的database/stage/Components/oracle.jdk/1.5.0.17.0/1/DataFiles/all.jar

2.在桌面新建一個文件夾命名為fallback派歌，下載中文字體（zysong.ttf）放入里面去弯囊。

3.用歸檔管理器打開all.jar它進(jìn)入/jdk/jre/lib/fonts/把在桌面建好的fallback文件夾拖放進(jìn)來，完成后的目錄結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該是/jdk/jre/lib/fonts/fallback/zysong.ttf胶果。

NETWORKING=yes

NETWORKING_IPV6=no

HOSTNAME= localhost.localdomain

hostname localhost.localdomain

192.168.68.129 localhost.localdomain localhost.localdomain.mycompany.com.cn

https://www.oracle.com/index.html

wget http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle11g/R2/linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip

ORACLE_HOME/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

/home/oracle/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

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sql>alter user dbsnmp identified by orcl

alter user dbsnmp identified by orcl

<pre style="line-height:21.75pt;background:white">3匾嘱、打開一個終端 4、在終端里面敲下面的命令啟動數(shù)據(jù)庫 1)sqlplus / as sysdba

2)startup

5早抠、再開一個終端霎烙，敲入如下命令啟動監(jiān)聽和oem

1)啟動監(jiān)聽 lsnrctl start

2)啟動oem服務(wù) emctl start 注意oem服務(wù)啟動后會有一個網(wǎng)址的提示，利用這個網(wǎng)址就可以通過ie用圖形界面操作oracle了</pre>

經(jīng)過各種嘗試和折騰后，最終還是把問題給搞定了悬垃，步驟如下：

1. 停止監(jiān)聽器

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$ lsnrctl stop

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2. 停止 oracle 數(shù)據(jù)庫

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$ sqlplus "sys / as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Mar 10 17:16:45 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Enter password:

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> shutdown

|

3. 修改 $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora游昼，將文件內(nèi)容中 HOST 的值改為正確的 IP（192.168.132.41），如：

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LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

  (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

  (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.132.41)(PORT = 1521))

)

)

|

4. 修改 $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora盗忱，將文件內(nèi)容中 HOST 的值改為正確的 IP（192.168.132.41）酱床，如：

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ORCL =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.132.41)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

  (SERVER = DEDICATED)

  (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

)

|

5. 修改 /etc/sysconfig/network，

需要進(jìn)入root身份才能進(jìn)行修改

將文件內(nèi)容改為：

| |

NETWORKING=yes

NETWORKING_IPV6=no

HOSTNAME=hemw-pc

因為修改完這個文件后需要重啟操作系統(tǒng)才會生效趟佃，所以在不重啟操作系統(tǒng)的情況下需要同時執(zhí)行一下：# hostname hemw-pc

6. 修改 /etc/hosts，在文件的最后新增如下內(nèi)容：

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192.168.68.129 hemw-pc hemw-pc.mycompany.com.cn

4昧捷、在終端里面敲下面的命令啟動數(shù)據(jù)庫 1)sqlplus / as sysdba
2)startup

??????V??7???

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