How to install SSH server on ubantu

Link

SUSE repos

suse stable

http://download.opensuse.org/distribution/openSUSE-stable/repo/non-oss/
http://download.opensuse.org/distribution/openSUSE-stable/repo/oss/

suse leap

http://download.opensuse.org/distribution/leap/15.3/repo/non-oss/
http://download.opensuse.org/distribution/leap/15.3/repo/oss/

M17N

http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/M17N/ (multi language)
http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/M17N/openSUSE_Leap_15.3/ (tools for 15.3)

???

https://opensuse-guide.ustclug.org/repositories.php

Chrome

http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/rpm/stable/x86_64 chrome
https://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/rpm/stable/x86_64

User guide

1. https://opensuse-guide.ustclug.org/index.php
2. https://doc.opensuse.org/
3. https://www.cnblogs.com/xiangzi888/archive/2012/03/08/2385993.html
4. https://documentation.suse.com/zh-cn/sles/15-SP3/html/SLES-all/cha-gui-desktop.html 中文版 Display 設(shè)置

sudo zypper ar http://download.opensuse.org/distribution/openSUSE-stable/repo/non-oss/ non-oss
sudo zypper ar http://download.opensuse.org/distribution/openSUSE-stable/repo/oss/ oss
sudo zypper ar http://download.opensuse.org/distribution/leap/15.3/repo/non-oss/ non-oss-15.3
sudo zypper ar http://download.opensuse.org/distribution/leap/15.3/repo/oss/ oss-15.3
sudo zypper ar http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/M17N/openSUSE_Leap_15.3/ M17N
sudo zypper ar https://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/rpm/stable/x86_64 Chrome
wget https://dl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub
sudo rpm --import linux_signing_key.pub
sudo zypper addrepo http://http.download.nvidia.com/opensuse/leap/15.3/x86_64/ NVIDIA

GNOME add in https://extensions.gnome.org/`

Install different OS components

1. Open Yast -> software management

2. At tab Configuration -> Repositories -> select the repo

3. Then select Patterns / Packages, all supported features will be selected.

4. 安裝Dash to DOCK /.Dash to Panel

   https://www.cnblogs.com/keatonlao/p/12705335.html

   https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/307/dash-to-dock/

5. Install flameshot, tool to capture screen, like snipaste # zypper in flameshot

6. set short cut for flameshot

WIN + S, Set Keyboard shortcuts

image size

image

name: flameshot

command: flameshot gui

Shortcut: press a button

8. Dash to Panel https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/1160/dash-to-panel/

修改計算機名字

臨時設(shè)置hostname主機名:

hostname <SERVER_NAME>

這里的'-v'主要是顯示版本的.如果使用了'-v'的話摆碉，輸出的結(jié)果大概是這樣:

server1~# hostname -v computer2

Setting hostname to `computer2'

server1~#

退出終端，重新登陸終端，你就能看到主機名更改了

不過有的發(fā)行系統(tǒng)中這種方法是不能永久生效的.

**永久設(shè)置hostname主機名: **

編輯/etc/HOSTNAME

*# vi /etc/HOSTNAME *

或

# echo server2.mycompany > /etc/HOSTNAME

這樣就可以永久設(shè)置了，重啟電腦

使用YAST工具修改hostname主機名

打開YAST控制中心 control center.

*#yast *然后點到網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)置 --> DNS和Hostname.

然后主機名和網(wǎng)速設(shè)置窗口就會打開.

在hostname一欄，根據(jù)自己的需要修改主機名即可聘惦，然后重啟電腦

查看服務(wù)器詳細信息:

hostname - 會顯示主機名

domainname - 顯示/設(shè)置電腦的 NIS/YP域名

dnsdomainname - 顯示電腦的DNS域名

設(shè)置IP

說明：ip：172.18.4.107 子網(wǎng)掩碼：255.255.255.0 網(wǎng)關(guān)：172.18.4.254 dns：172.18.0.6

1、設(shè)置ip地址

vi /etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-eth0 #編輯配置文件

BOOTPROTO='static' #靜態(tài)IP:

BROADCAST='172.18.4.255' #廣播地址

IPADDR='172.18.4.107' #IP地址

NETMASK='255.255.255.0' #子網(wǎng)掩碼

NETWORK='172.18.4.0' #網(wǎng)絡(luò)地址

STARTMODE='auto' #開機啟動網(wǎng)絡(luò)

2、設(shè)置網(wǎng)關(guān)

vi /etc/sysconfig/network/routes #編輯文件

default 172.18.4.254

3牺弹、設(shè)置dns

vi /etc/resolv.conf #編輯文件

nameserver 172.18.0.6

rcnetwork restart #重啟網(wǎng)絡(luò)

service network restart #重啟網(wǎng)絡(luò)

/etc/init.d/network restart #重啟網(wǎng)絡(luò)

查看gate 選項： ip route

IP 分配

T5820 on top -1

IP: 10.189.131.35 / 255.255.255.0 / 10.189.131.1

User: sdc

Passwd: geMRint@adw2

T5820 on top -2 (ethernet port fail)

IP: 10.189.131.xx / 255.255.255.0 / 10.189.131.1

User: sdc

Passwd: geMRint@adw2

T5820 on top -3 (for Bali)

IP: 10.189.131.36 / 255.255.255.0 / 10.189.131.1

User: sdc

Passwd: geMRint@adw2

Dell Box -1 (P3240 SLE 15.3)

IP: 10.189.131.38 / 255.255.255.0 / 10.189.131.1

User: tester

Passwd: 1

FTP Server setup

$zypper in vsftpd #Install svftp

edit /etc/vsftpd.conf

$systemctl start vsftpd #start ftp service

$systemctl stop vsftpd #stop ftp

$ systemctl status vsftpd #get status of ftp

ftp命令 測試FTP 是否可用

$ftp 192.168.1.14

使用格式：ftp [-v] [-d] [-i] [-n] [-g] [-s:filename] [-a] [-w:windowsize] [computer]

-v：禁止顯示遠程服務(wù)器響應(yīng)信息

PS C:\Users\212597558> sftp tester@192.168.1.4

Password:

Connected to 192.168.1.4.

sftp> ls

Desktop Documents Downloads Music Pictures Public Templates Videos bin

public_html

sftp> help

-n：禁止自動登錄

-i：多文件傳輸過程中關(guān)閉交互提示

-d：啟用調(diào)試，顯示所有客戶端與服務(wù)器端傳遞的命令

-g：禁用文件名通配符时呀，允許在本地文件和路徑名中使用

實例：ftp 122.122.122.122 2222

輸入用戶名张漂、密碼，即可完成登錄谨娜。

2.目錄操作

FTP命令可以列出航攒、移動、創(chuàng)建文件夾趴梢。

ls -- 打印目錄列表

!ls -- 查看本地目錄

cd -- 改變目錄

mkdir -- 創(chuàng)建文件夾

3.使用FTP下載文件

在下載一個文件之前漠畜，首先需要使用lcd命令設(shè)定本地接收目錄位置。

lcd -- 指定下載目錄

get file.txt [file_new.txt] -- 下載文件 支持更改名字

mget *.txt -- 使用mget + 通配符下載多個文件

4.使用FTP上傳文件

put file.txt [file_new.txt] -- 上傳文件 支持更改名字

put /home/data/cwh/file.txt -- 絕對路徑

mput *.txt -- 上傳多個文件

5.關(guān)閉FTP連接

完成FTP工作后坞靶，為了安全起見需要關(guān)閉連接憔狞。有3個命令可以關(guān)閉連接：

bye -- 關(guān)閉連接

exit -- 關(guān)閉連接

quit -- 關(guān)閉連接

close -- 關(guān)閉連接

6.其他命令

? -- 查詢ftp命令

help -- 查詢ftp命令

open [ftp server name] -- 和指定的遠程Linux FTP服務(wù)器連接

user [user name] [password] -- 使用指定遠程Linux FTP服務(wù)器的用戶登錄

pwd -- 顯示當(dāng)前路徑

ls -- 列出目錄和文件

dir -- 列出目錄和文件（同上）

mkdir [foldname] -- 創(chuàng)建指定目錄

rmdir [foldname] -- 刪除指定目錄

cd -- 切換目錄

delete [filename] -- 刪除文件

rename [filename] [newfilename] -- 重命名

close -- 關(guān)閉連接 但保留FTP命令參數(shù)提示

disconnect -- 關(guān)閉連接 但保留FTP命令參數(shù)提示（同上）

bye -- 結(jié)束連接

quit -- 結(jié)束連接

! -- 直接從遠程Linux FTP進入到本地Shell中

exit -- （接上步）從本地Shell環(huán)境返回遠程Linux FTP中

!ls -- 列出本地機器目錄和文件

lcd [foldname] -- 更改本地工作目錄

binary -- 使用二進制傳輸文件

prompt -- 切換提示（使用mput或mget上傳下載多個文件時避免提示）

case -- 在使用mget時，將遠程主機文件名的大寫轉(zhuǎn)換為小寫字母

cdup -- 進入遠程主機目錄的父目錄

system -- 顯示遠程主機的操作系統(tǒng)類型

hash -- 每傳輸1024字節(jié)彰阴，顯示一個hash符號(#)

status -- 顯示當(dāng)前ftp狀態(tài)

修改HOST name

$vi /etc/hostname

or $vi /etc/hosts

image

SUSE zypper install vsftp service

$ sudo zypper in vsftpd #install very secure FTP

$ sytemctl start vsftpd

$ systemctrl enable vsftpd

$ systemctl status vsftpd

image

Or $ sudo service vsftpd status

image

NTFS 格式硬盤無法掛載

Windows 硬盤連到 Linux 系統(tǒng)后瘾敢，默認是無法識別的，可以通過 ntfs-3g 進行識別尿这。

執(zhí)行如下命令安裝 ntfs-3g：

zypper in ntfs-3g

安裝成功后通過如下命令進行掛載簇抵，結(jié)果如下：

mount -t ntfs-3g /dev/xvdb5 /mnt # 重新拔插Usb線后，可以自動識別射众。

鏈接：https://www.imooc.com/article/48394

VNC server setup

@ubantu How to Install and Configure VNC on Ubuntu 20.04

1. install vnc server

$ sudo apt update

$ sudo apt install tigervnc-standalone-server

$ sudo apt install tigervnc-standalone-server

$ vncpasswd #create password, not need sudo

$ sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@.service # create vnc service

$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload #Reload systemd

$ sudo systemctl start vncserver@1.service

Start VNCSERVER

$vncserver

image

check vncmanager.service status

image

Normally there should be a config file:

image

List servers: vncserver -list

image

vncmanager operation

1. Start vncmanager

$systemctl enable vncmager.service

$systemctl start vncmanager.service

$ systemctl status vncmager.service #check status

2. Stop vncmager

$ systemctl stop vncmanager.service # stop service

$ systemctl disable vncmanager.service

$ systemctl status vncmanager.service

image

USE YAST2 to config vnc manager

How to Use the VNC to Remotely Log In to SUSE Linux

執(zhí)行YAST2 里的Remote Administration 后會彈出下面的窗口碟摆，點擊ok后，就沒有動靜了叨橱。

image

還需要執(zhí)行如下命令：

image

網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)置

Yast2

需要選擇Network Manager焦履，否則無法選擇DNS router 拓劝。。嘉裤。

image

還能在右上角顯示圖標

image

命令行：在suse下networksetting

一郑临、網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)置

設(shè)置IP、網(wǎng)關(guān)屑宠、DNS

1. 設(shè)置IP

每個網(wǎng)卡都有一個配置文件厢洞，在/etc/sysconfig/network/目錄下。用root登錄,編輯ifcfg-eth0,就是你的網(wǎng)卡的物理地址的那個文件典奉，不一定是eth0躺翻。

vim /etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-eth0

配置文件如下：

DEVICE=物理設(shè)備名

IPADDR=IP地址

NETMASK=掩碼值

NETWORK=網(wǎng)絡(luò)地址

BROADCAST=廣播地址

GATEWAY=網(wǎng)關(guān)地址

ONBOOT=[yes|no]（引導(dǎo)時是否激活設(shè)備）

USERCTL=[yes|no]（非root用戶是否可以控制該設(shè)備）

BOOTPROTO=[none|static|bootp|dhcp]（引導(dǎo)時不使用協(xié)議|靜態(tài)分配|BOOTP協(xié)議|DHCP協(xié)議）

HWADDR = 你的MAC地址

例如：

DEVICE=’eth0’

BOOTPROTO=’static’

IPADDR=’10.10.37.234’

NETMASTK=’255.255.255.0’

NETWORK=’10.10.37.0’

BROADCAST=’10.10.37.255’

ONBOOT=’yes’

2. 設(shè)置網(wǎng)關(guān)

網(wǎng)關(guān)：實質(zhì)上是一個網(wǎng)絡(luò)通向其他網(wǎng)絡(luò)的IP地址

設(shè)置默認網(wǎng)關(guān)命令：

vim /etc/sysconfig/network/，修改routes

GATEWAY =10.10.37.100

3. 設(shè)置DNS

DNS域名解析系統(tǒng)（domain name system）

DNS服務(wù)器：由于IP地址不便于記憶卫玖，將域名解析成IP地址的服務(wù)器公你。

修改DNS的配置文件

vim /etc/resolv.conf

添加內(nèi)容：nameserver10.10.1.2

也可繼續(xù)添加：nameserver8.8.8.8

4. 配置完成后，重啟網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)使之生效

service network restart

或者#/etc/init.d/network restart

二假瞬、解決出現(xiàn)的其他問題和補充

1. 配置物理機時陕靠，一般一臺物理機會有幾塊網(wǎng)卡，首先查看哪塊網(wǎng)卡connected脱茉，然后在/etc/sysconfig/network/目錄下剪芥，修改相應(yīng)的網(wǎng)卡配置文件，比如ifcfg-eth0琴许，eth2也可能税肪，如果沒有配置文件，新建配置文件榜田，并添加內(nèi)容益兄。

2. 配置網(wǎng)關(guān)時總是出問題，后來用yast解決了沒有配置網(wǎng)關(guān)的問題箭券，網(wǎng)關(guān)一定要設(shè)置對應(yīng)網(wǎng)段的網(wǎng)關(guān)净捅，一直是心中的痛。

3. 集線器邦鲫、交換機灸叼、路由器、網(wǎng)橋庆捺、網(wǎng)關(guān)的知識

參考了

http://www.cnblogs.com/imapla/archive/2013/03/12/2955931.html

集線器：

1）是放大信號古今，擴大網(wǎng)絡(luò)的傳輸距離，是中繼器的一種形式滔以，區(qū)別在于集線器能夠提供多端口服務(wù)捉腥，也稱為多口中繼器；

2）工作在物理層你画，分享帶寬

交換機：

1） 有自己的CPU和RAM抵碟，可以實現(xiàn)存儲轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)

2） 工作在數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層桃漾，不共享帶寬

網(wǎng)橋：

1） 將兩個局域網(wǎng)連接起來，網(wǎng)橋在幀的轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)過程中查看的地址是mac地址拟逮。

2） 工作在數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層

路由器：

1） 作為不同網(wǎng)絡(luò)之間互相連接的樞紐撬统，路由器系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成了基于 TCP/IP 的國際互連網(wǎng)絡(luò) Internet

2） 工作在網(wǎng)絡(luò)層

網(wǎng)關(guān)：網(wǎng)關(guān)（協(xié)議轉(zhuǎn)換器）是互連網(wǎng)絡(luò)中操作在OSI網(wǎng)絡(luò)層之上的具有協(xié)議轉(zhuǎn)換功能設(shè)施

傳統(tǒng)的交換機只能分割沖突域，不能分割廣播域敦迄；而路由器可以分割廣播域

————————————————

版權(quán)聲明：本文為CSDN博主「willinux」的原創(chuàng)文章恋追，遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版權(quán)協(xié)議，轉(zhuǎn)載請附上原文出處鏈接及本聲明罚屋。

原文鏈接：https://blog.csdn.net/willinux20130812/article/details/24476251

1. Disk partition

You should be sure there is a partition (< 1G) mounted at /root/elf for boot up

And a partition mounted at / for data and OS

2. Question or warning

How Do You Install SUSE when You Encounter “The System cannot be installed because … There is no device mounted at ‘/'”?

Problem scenario

You are trying to install Linux SUSE. You get an error "The System cannot be installed because the following errors were found: There is no device mounted at '/'. How do you get passed this problem?

Solution

Use the "Expert Partitioner". Verify you have one device (e.g., /dev/sda1) that has the Type "BIOS Boot Partition." Verify you have one device (e.g., /dev/sda2) that has the Mount Point "/". You theoretically might be able to have one device have both traits.

If there is a device that is mounted to "/mnt", highlight it, go to Modify -> Edit Partition then go to the "Mount Point" and change it to "/". You may be prompted "Really skip formatting the partition?" Choose "Yes". Now try to resume the installation.

You may be prompted to abort the install or continue anyway to a variety of errors/questions. You may be able to just keep clicking "continue" through this series of prompts.

3. Set repository

1. Open yast via MobaXterm ssh

image

2. List of repositories

http://download.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/repo/non-oss/

http://download.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/repo/oss/

http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/opensuse/tumbleweed/repo/oss

opensuse | 鏡像站使用幫助 | 清華大學(xué)開源軟件鏡像站 | Tsinghua Open Source Mirror

https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/opensuse/

sudo zypper ar-cfg'https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/opensuse/distribution/leap/$releasever/repo/oss/'tuna-osssudo

zypper ar-cfg'https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/opensuse/distribution/leap/$releasever/repo/non-oss/'tuna-non-osssudo

zypper ar-cfg'https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/opensuse/update/leap/$releasever/oss/'tuna-updatesudo

zypper ar-cfg'https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/opensuse/update/leap/$releasever/non-oss/'tuna-update-non-oss

3. reference from suse

image

https://documentation.suse.com/sles/15-GA/html/SLES-all/cha-deployment-prep-pxe.html#sec-deployment-tftp-server

How to set Tftp server in Windows: https://www.lifewire.com/definition-of-tftp-817576

4 Config SSH

$ssh-keygen #generate key

$ssh-copy-id -p 22 tester@192.167.1.14

Set config at local/.ssh

$touch config

Host aioc121

    HostName 192.168.1.14

    Port 22

    User tester

IP config

Gateway 10.189.130.1

查看gateway：route -n

1. Disk partition

You should be sure there is a partition (< 1G) mounted at /root/elf for boot up

And a partition mounted at / for data and OS

2. Question or warning

How Do You Install SUSE when You Encounter “The System cannot be installed because … There is no device mounted at ‘/'”?

Problem scenario

You are trying to install Linux SUSE. You get an error "The System cannot be installed because the following errors were found: There is no device mounted at '/'. How do you get passed this problem?

Solution

Use the "Expert Partitioner". Verify you have one device (e.g., /dev/sda1) that has the Type "BIOS Boot Partition." Verify you have one device (e.g., /dev/sda2) that has the Mount Point "/". You theoretically might be able to have one device have both traits.

If there is a device that is mounted to "/mnt", highlight it, go to Modify -> Edit Partition then go to the "Mount Point" and change it to "/". You may be prompted "Really skip formatting the partition?" Choose "Yes". Now try to resume the installation.

You may be prompted to abort the install or continue anyway to a variety of errors/questions. You may be able to just keep clicking "continue" through this series of prompts.

3. Set repository

1. Open yast via MobaXterm ssh

image

2. List of repositories

http://download.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/repo/non-oss/

http://download.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/repo/oss/

http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/opensuse/tumbleweed/repo/oss

opensuse | 鏡像站使用幫助 | 清華大學(xué)開源軟件鏡像站 | Tsinghua Open Source Mirror

https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/opensuse/

sudo zypper ar-cfg'https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/opensuse/distribution/leap/$releasever/repo/oss/'tuna-osssudo

zypper ar-cfg'https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/opensuse/distribution/leap/$releasever/repo/non-oss/'tuna-non-osssudo

zypper ar-cfg'https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/opensuse/update/leap/$releasever/oss/'tuna-updatesudo

zypper ar-cfg'https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/opensuse/update/leap/$releasever/non-oss/'tuna-update-non-oss

3. reference from suse

image

https://documentation.suse.com/sles/15-GA/html/SLES-all/cha-deployment-prep-pxe.html#sec-deployment-tftp-server

How to set Tftp server in Windows: https://www.lifewire.com/definition-of-tftp-817576

4 Config SSH

$ssh-keygen #generate key

$ssh-copy-id -p 22 tester@192.167.1.14

Set config at local/.ssh

$touch config

Host aioc121

    HostName 192.168.1.14

    Port 22

    User tester

IP config

Gateway 10.189.130.1

查看gateway：route -n