今天開始讀《決斷2秒間》第6章唯蝶，以下是大綱
三個致命的錯誤/ 讀心術(shù)的理論/臉孔透露心思情緒/ 男人翔怎、女人與電燈開關(guān)/ 不如跟狗講道理/時間在生死交關(guān)時的角色/「我心中有個聲音說：我還不必開槍」/ 惠勒街的悲劇
Diallo悲劇
本章從4名警官誤殺外籍移民Diallo的悲劇說起。這起案件發(fā)生在美國紐約市的布朗克斯區(qū)，這區(qū)居民主要以非洲和拉丁美洲后裔居民為主竞川，是紐約有名的貧民區(qū)棋嘲，犯罪率在全國數(shù)一數(shù)二酒唉。
這起案件的評價兩極。有人說警察在特殊地段沸移，面對異常事件當(dāng)然必須快速反應(yīng)痪伦，誤殺屬于不幸但不是罪惡；另一面雹锣，有人則認(rèn)為這是赤裸裸的種族歧視网沾。
馬克威爾認(rèn)為兩者都是可能的解釋，并以此為起點(diǎn)切入探討蕊爵，為什么這些警官會誤讀Diallo在慌亂中傳達(dá)的訊息辉哥。
讀心術(shù)理論
Every waking minute that we are in the presence of someone, we come up with a constant stream of predictions and inferences about what that person is thinking and feeling.
說到讀心，人人都是老司機(jī)攒射。我們從作孩子起醋旦，就觀察成人的臉部，以明白他們的意圖：輕拍一下是什么意思会放？抓起手是什么意思饲齐？專家認(rèn)識到表情蘊(yùn)藏訊息寶庫，並深入研究咧最。在最杰出的心理學(xué)家眼中捂人，一些臉部照片就足以揭示這個部落是否兇殘御雕、有沒有同性戀傾向。
明天滥搭，我們將回頭檢視Diallo悲劇中酸纲，4名警察無法順當(dāng)使用讀心術(shù)的原因。
Summary
Diallo, a Guinean immigrant, doing low-paid job and having an unassuming figure, was living in Bronx, a high crime rate district. One day after midnight, he was taking some air outside his apartment while some plainclothes police offices was approaching him. Ill at speaking English and feeling the unwelcoming sense of these police, Diallo started running toward home. The police chased after him. When he was cornered in the staircase, and helplessly tried to get his wallet (maybe in wish giving his money to the seemed robbery gang guys), the police misunderstood him as pulling a gun (Diallo’s black wallet) and fired him.
How can the tragedy happen?
We easily parse complex distinctions in facial expressions. This can be viewed as the most common practices we do every waking minute that we are in the presence of someone. So how can those policemen fail to distinguish fear from dangerous on Diallo’s face? Why do the four officer fail at this most fundamental task?
Words & Phrases
Can we have a word?
I need to speak to you briefly in private.
[syn] I'd like (to have) a word with you.; Could I have a word with you?
“Can we have a word?” The police said to the suspect.
stutter
a tendency to stutter while speaking.
Later, it emerged that Diallo had a stutter, so he may well have tried to say something but simply couldn’t.
‘She's p-perfectly j-justified,’ he said with his intermittent stutter
agitate
make (someone) troubled or nervous.
But Diallo was growing more and more agitated, and Carroll was starting to get nervous, too
the thought of questioning Toby agitated him extremely
pick up on
to become alert to something; to take notice of something; to learn or catch on to something
When we meet someone new, we often pick up on subtle signals
It is picking up on subtle, fleeting cues in order to read someone’s mind—and there is almost no other impulse so basic and so automatic and at which, most of the time, we so effortlessly excel.
parse
analyze (a sentence) into its parts and describe their syntactic roles.
We easily parse complex distinctions in facial expression
They can parse complex words and sentences; but this parsing takes more work than reading simpler, clearer prose.
infer
This practice of inferring the motivations and intentions of others is classic thin-slicing.
pick up on可以與上面2個單字用法一起記
After we are picking up on new cues, we are parsing them and inferring the cause-and-effect of the signals.
open–and–shut
able to be settled or decided very quickly and easily
On the other side were those who saw what happened as an open-and-shut case of racism.
