前言
搭建一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的Spring Boot項(xiàng)目與Docker技術(shù)進(jìn)行整合,使用Maven來(lái)構(gòu)建Docker鏡像并推送至本地Docker Registry,最后對(duì)項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行部署時(shí)只需根據(jù)鏡像啟動(dòng)相應(yīng)的容器即可.
環(huán)境搭建
- JDK1.8
- Spring Boot 1.5.7
- Maven 3.3.9
- Docker
1.使用IDEA新建一個(gè)Spring Boot項(xiàng)目,在pom.xml中添加如下配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>hello</groupId>
<artifactId>hello-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.7.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>3.4.13</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>hello</finalName>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
我們使用了spring-boot-maven-plugin插件來(lái)打包生成一個(gè)可直接運(yùn)行的hello.jar包.
2.新建一個(gè)HelloApplication類.
package hello;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class HelloApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(HelloApplication.class, args);
}
}
3.新建一個(gè)控制類HelloController,用于接收Http請(qǐng)求.
package hello.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/hi", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String hello() {
return "hi";
}
}
4.然后使用mvn package命令開(kāi)始對(duì)spring boot項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行打包構(gòu)建,生成對(duì)應(yīng)的target目錄.
cd到此目錄下執(zhí)行java -jar hello.jar啟動(dòng)項(xiàng)目,開(kāi)啟瀏覽器訪問(wèn)http://localhost:8080/hi,頁(yè)面返回:hi說(shuō)明spring boot項(xiàng)目配置運(yùn)行正常.
5.開(kāi)始為項(xiàng)目添加Docker支持.
Maven規(guī)范要求所有的資源文件都應(yīng)放在src/main/resources目錄下,我們?cè)趹?yīng)用的resources目錄下創(chuàng)建一個(gè)空白的文件Dockerfile,用來(lái)說(shuō)明如何構(gòu)建docker 鏡像,打開(kāi)Dockerfile文件編寫(xiě)以下指令:
FROM java:8
MAINTAINER "william"<952408421@qq.com>
ADD hello.jar app.jar
EXPOSE 8080
CMD java -jar app.jar
以上指令使用了Jdk8環(huán)境為基礎(chǔ)鏡像,通過(guò)ADD指令將生成的hello.jar包復(fù)制到docker容器中,并重命名為app.jar,應(yīng)用將開(kāi)啟8080端口,最后使用java -jar指令執(zhí)行jar包.
6.使用Maven來(lái)構(gòu)建Docker鏡像.
接下來(lái)我們要使用maven讀取Dockerfile文件來(lái)構(gòu)建鏡像并推送到注冊(cè)中心去,由于Docker默認(rèn)的鏡像注冊(cè)中心為Docke Hub(地址是docker.io),當(dāng)使用docker push命令推送鏡像時(shí),實(shí)際上都是推送到了docker.io的地址上的,如果需要推送到本地自己搭建的鏡像注冊(cè)中心,則鏡像名稱需要添加前綴ip:port,因?yàn)槲覀冎耙呀?jīng)搭好了本地Registry了,所以在pom.xml文件中添加properties:
<properties>
<docker.registry>192.168.56.101:5000</docker.registry>
</properties>
然后再添加maven plugin到pom.xml文件中:
<plugin>
<groupId>com.spotify</groupId>
<artifactId>docker-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>0.4.10</version>
<configuration>
<imageName>${docker.registry}/${project.groupId}/${project.artifactId}:${project.version}</imageName>
<dockerDirectory>${project.build.outputDirectory}</dockerDirectory>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>${project.build.directory}</directory>
<include>${project.build.finalName}.jar</include>
</resource>
</resources>
</configuration>
</plugin>
簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明一下configuration的配置:
- imageName:用于指定鏡像的完整名稱,其中{docker.registry}為注冊(cè)中心地址,{project.groupId}為倉(cāng)庫(kù)名稱,{project.artifactId}為鏡像名稱,${project.version}為鏡像標(biāo)簽名.
- dockerDirectory:用于指定Dockerfile文件所在的目錄.
- resources.resource.directory:用于指定需要復(fù)制的根目錄,${project.build.directory}表示target目錄.
- resources.resource.include:用于指定需要復(fù)制的文件,${project.build.finalName}.jar表示生成的jar包.
7.使用docker build命令來(lái)構(gòu)建鏡像.
mvn docker:build
執(zhí)行后發(fā)現(xiàn)構(gòu)建鏡像不成功,報(bào)異常localhost:2375 Connection refused :
[INFO] Building image 192.168.56.101:5000/hello/hello-api:1.0.0
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 13.102 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2018-07-30T15:56:40+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 26M/218M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal com.spotify:docker-maven-plugin:0.4.10:build (default-cli) on project hello-api: Exception caught: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: com.spotify.docker.client.shaded.javax.ws.rs.ProcessingException: org.apache.http.conn.HttpHostConnectException: Connect to localhost:2375 [localhost/127.0.0.1, localhost/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1] failed: Connection refused: connect -> [Help 1]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoExecutionException
網(wǎng)上搜索了很久找到了一種解決Connect to localhost:2375的問(wèn)題的方法:在pom.xml文件的configuration中添加一行dockerHost.
<configuration>
<imageName>${docker.registry}/${project.groupId}/${project.artifactId}:${project.version}</imageName>
<dockerDirectory>${project.build.outputDirectory}</dockerDirectory>
<dockerHost>http://192.168.56.101:2375</dockerHost>
......
</configuration>
我們?cè)賮?lái)執(zhí)行mvn docker:build試試,這一次同樣是報(bào)Connection refused的錯(cuò),錯(cuò)誤信息由localhost變成了192.168.56.101:
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 10.086 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2018-07-30T16:13:36+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 27M/302M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal com.spotify:docker-maven-plugin:0.4.10:build (default-cli) on project hello-api: Exception caught: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: com.spotify.docker.client.shaded.javax.ws.rs.ProcessingException: org.apache.http.conn.HttpHostConnectException: Connect to 192.168.56.101:2375 [/192.168.56.101] failed: Connection refused: connect -> [Help 1]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoExecutionException
繼續(xù)網(wǎng)上搜索,發(fā)現(xiàn)在默認(rèn)情況下Docker守護(hù)進(jìn)程Unix socket(/var/run/docker.sock)來(lái)進(jìn)行本地進(jìn)程通信,而不會(huì)監(jiān)聽(tīng)任何端口,因此只能在本地使用docker客戶端或者使用Docker API進(jìn)行操作.如果想在其他主機(jī)上操作Docker主機(jī),就需要讓Docker守護(hù)進(jìn)程打開(kāi)一個(gè)HTTP Socket,這樣才能實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)程通信.我們是在windows上打包構(gòu)建的,所以需要讓centos7上的docker服務(wù)開(kāi)啟遠(yuǎn)程訪問(wèn).
8.開(kāi)啟docker遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù),執(zhí)行vi命令:
vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
在[Service]部分的最下面添加下面兩行:
ExecStart=
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H tcp://0.0.0.0:2375 -H unix://var/run/docker.sock
然后讓docker重新讀取配置文件,并重啟docker服務(wù).
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker
查看docker進(jìn)程,發(fā)現(xiàn)docker守護(hù)進(jìn)程在已經(jīng)監(jiān)聽(tīng)2375的tcp端口了.
[root@bogon ~]# ps -ef|grep docker
root 1956 1 3 16:32 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/dockerd -H tcp://0.0.0.0:2375 -H unix://var/run/docker.sock
root 1959 1956 0 16:32 ? 00:00:00 docker-containerd -l unix:///var/run/docker/libcontainerd/docker-containerd.sock --metrics-interval=0 --start-timeout 2m --state-dir /var/run/docker/libcontainerd/containerd --shim docker-containerd-shim --runtime docker-runc
root 2056 1956 0 16:32 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip 0.0.0.0 -host-port 5000 -container-ip 172.17.0.2 -container-port 5000
root 2062 1959 0 16:32 ? 00:00:00 docker-containerd-shim ffac4cc26314b42610071b521cbd9c39e00618f4277ca967c1fee31193ff4041 /var/run/docker/libcontainerd/ffac4cc26314b42610071b521cbd9c39e00618f4277ca967c1fee31193ff4041 docker-runc
root 2075 2062 2 16:32 ? 00:00:00 registry serve /etc/docker/registry/config.yml
root 2103 1259 0 16:32 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto docker
最后我們?cè)賮?lái)執(zhí)行mvn docker:build命令:
[INFO] Building image 192.168.56.101:5000/hello/hello-api:1.0.0
Step 1/5 : FROM java:8
---> d23bdf5b1b1b
Step 2/5 : MAINTAINER "zhangzhongwu"<952408421@qq.com>
---> Running in 3b331db3b81b
---> bae408e908a0
Removing intermediate container 3b331db3b81b
Step 3/5 : ADD hello.jar app.jar
---> 3cc7f118a38c
Removing intermediate container 9a3bf9971e98
Step 4/5 : EXPOSE 8080
---> Running in 7b5c1dccbd4e
---> 5a0c6401e95a
Removing intermediate container 7b5c1dccbd4e
Step 5/5 : CMD java -jar app.jar
---> Running in 3ba012d83276
---> 68bbcea2575f
Removing intermediate container 3ba012d83276
Successfully built 68bbcea2575f
Successfully tagged 192.168.56.101:5000/hello/hello-api:1.0.0
[INFO] Built 192.168.56.101:5000/hello/hello-api:1.0.0
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 23.931 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2018-07-30T16:33:49+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 28M/272M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
好了,我們可以看到鏡像已經(jīng)構(gòu)建成功了.
9.接下來(lái)就是把已經(jīng)構(gòu)建好的鏡像推送到Docker Registry了.
我們執(zhí)行mvn docker:build docker:push命令
然后打開(kāi)linux終端,輸入命令docker images查看所有的鏡像:
[root@bogon ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
192.168.56.101:5000/hello/hello-api 1.0.0 68bbcea2575f 2 minutes ago 673MB
nginx latest c82521676580 5 days ago 109MB
registry latest b2b03e9146e1 3 weeks ago 33.3MB
java 8 d23bdf5b1b1b 18 months ago 643MB
[root@bogon ~]#
可以看到"192.168.56.101:5000/hello/hello-api"這個(gè)鏡像,說(shuō)明我們已經(jīng)把鏡像成功推送到注冊(cè)中心了.
10.最后一步就是運(yùn)行該鏡像,啟動(dòng)容器并將容器的8080端口綁定到宿主機(jī)的58080端口上:
[root@bogon ~]# docker run -d -p 58080:8080 192.168.56.101:5000/hello/hello-api:1.0.0
9d9363d1213df621c3f610b3466d265332ef42600461ae3e50ff25418b751b65
[root@bogon ~]#
執(zhí)行以下命令驗(yàn)證服務(wù)是否啟動(dòng)成功:
[root@bogon /]# curl -XGET http://192.168.56.101:58080//hello/hi
hi[root@bogon /]#
返回字符串"hi",說(shuō)明已經(jīng)成功使用Docker部署Spring Boot項(xiàng)目了.
參考資料:
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_27808181/article/details/78421134
https://blog.csdn.net/faryang/article/details/75949611
https://www.cnblogs.com/zqifa/p/linux-docker-3.html