分類：職場
時間：2019-08-29
片長：13:44
演講者：2015 |?Dame Stephanie Shirley是一位集絕妙的企業(yè)老板征唬，偉大的母親孔庭，慷慨的慈善家于一身的傳奇女性你稚。隨時散發(fā)出優(yōu)雅與幽默添坊！在這個令人豎然起敬的TED演講中，她向我們講述了一段段令人敬佩和動容關(guān)于她的故事雇锡。
When I wrote my memoir,?the publishers were really confused.?Was it about me as a child refugee,?or as a woman who set up a high-tech software company back in the 1960s,?one that went public?and eventually employed over 8,500 people??Or was it as a mother of an autistic child??Or as a philanthropist that's now given away serious money??Well, it turns out, I'm all of these.?So let me tell you my story.
（多重身份）當(dāng)我寫回憶錄時逛钻，出版人感到非常困惑。我的故事究竟是講了一個童年時身為難民的經(jīng)歷锰提？還是在上世紀(jì)六十年代創(chuàng)立高科技軟件公司曙痘，上市后雇員發(fā)展到超過8500——的女強(qiáng)人芳悲？還是身為一個自閉癥孩子的母親？還是慷慨奉獻(xiàn)大量財(cái)產(chǎn)的慈善家边坤？好吧名扛，事實(shí)上，這些全都是我茧痒。那么肮韧，就讓我來給你們講述我的故事吧。
（child?refugee）All that I am stems from?（begin）when I got onto a train in Vienna,?part of the Kindertransport that saved nearly 10,000 Jewish children?from Nazi Europe.?I was five years old, clutching the hand of my nine-year-old sister?and had very little idea as to what was going on.?"What is England and why am I going there?"I'm only alive because so long ago, I was helped by generous strangers.?
一切都從我坐上一列前往維也納的火車開始旺订。這列火車是Kindertransport營救行動的一部分弄企，從納粹手中拯救了近萬名猶太兒童。當(dāng)時5歲的我耸峭，緊緊抓著9歲姐姐的手桩蓉，對發(fā)生的事茫然無知。?"英國是什么劳闹？我為什么要去那？"?我能活下來洽瞬，完全是因?yàn)楹芫煤芫弥氨咎椋瑹嵝牡哪吧藥椭宋摇?/p>
（be reborn in England）I was lucky, and doubly lucky to be later reunited?with my birth parents.?But, sadly, I never bonded with them again.?But I've done more in the seven decades since that miserable day?when my mother put me on the train?than I would ever have dreamed possible.?And I love England, my adopted country,?with a passion that perhaps only someone who has lost their human rights can feel.?I decided to make mine a life that was worth saving.And then, I just got on with it.?
我很幸運(yùn)。更幸運(yùn)的是伙窃，后來我跟親生父母重聚了菩颖。但不幸的是，后來就再也沒有相聚過为障。但是晦闰，自我母親把我送上火車起，這70年間鳍怨，我做過的事情之多呻右，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超乎所想。我愛英國鞋喇，這個接納我的國家声滥，這種熱愛，或許只有那些喪失過人權(quán)的人侦香，才可以感受到落塑。我決定要度過有意義的一生，不能辜負(fù)救下我性命的人罐韩。而后憾赁，我確實(shí)做到了。
（set up her own software company for women）Let me take you back to the early 1960s.?To get past the gender issues of the time,?I set up my own software house at one of the first such startups in Britain.?But it was also a company of women, a company for women,?an early social business.?And people laughed at the very idea because software, at that time,?was given away free with hardware.?
讓我們把思緒拉回到上世紀(jì)六十年代散吵。為了對抗當(dāng)時的性別歧視問題龙考，作為英國軟件行業(yè)第一批企業(yè)家之一蟆肆，我創(chuàng)立了自己的軟件公司。這同時也是一家只有女雇員洲愤，只為女性提供機(jī)會的早期社會企業(yè)颓芭。人們對此嗤之以鼻，因?yàn)樵谀菚r柬赐，軟件是隨硬件免費(fèi)贈送的亡问。
（gender issues-difficulties in owning a company）Nobody would buy software, certainly not from a woman.?Although women were then coming out of the universities with decent degrees,?there was a glass ceiling to our progress.?And I'd hit that glass ceiling too often,?and I wanted opportunities for women.
沒人會掏錢買軟件，當(dāng)然也不會從女人手里買肛宋。盡管那時的女性讀過大學(xué)州藕，有了像樣的文憑，她們的職業(yè)道路上酝陈，依然充滿了無形的壁障床玻。我為沖破這些壁障不斷努力，我想為職場女性創(chuàng)造機(jī)會沉帮。
( give?support to?women )I recruited professionally qualified women who'd left the industry on marriage,?or when their first child was expected?and structured them into a home-working organization.?We pioneered the concept of women going back into the workforce?after a career break.?We pioneered all sorts of new, flexible work methods:?job shares, profit-sharing, and eventually, co-ownership?when I took a quarter of the company into the hands of the staff?at no cost to anyone but me.?
我招募那些擁有優(yōu)秀職業(yè)技能卻在婚后離開工作崗位的女性锈死，還為那些準(zhǔn)備生第一個孩子的女性提供可以在家里完成的工作。我們引領(lǐng)了“讓暫離工作崗位的女性重返職場”的理念穆壕。我們是倡導(dǎo)各種新穎而靈活的商業(yè)模式的先鋒：股票分紅待牵、利潤分紅，還有共同所有權(quán)——我把公司股權(quán)的四分之一交給員工喇勋，而這只減少了我個人的一些收入而已缨该。
(gender issues)For years, I was the first woman this, or the only woman that.?And in those days, I couldn't work on the stock exchange,?I couldn't drive a bus or fly an airplane.?Indeed, I couldn't open a bank account without my husband's permission.?My generation of women fought the battles for the right to work?and the right for equal pay.
多年以來，我是第一位也是唯一一個這樣做的女性川背。在那個年代贰拿，我無法進(jìn)行證券交易，我不能開公交或者駕駛飛機(jī)熄云。而且膨更，沒有我丈夫的批準(zhǔn)，我是不能開通銀行賬戶的皱碘。我們那個時代的女性询一，要為工作的權(quán)利和薪酬平等的權(quán)利而抗?fàn)帯?/p>
Nobody really expected much from people at work or in society?because all the expectations then?were about home and family responsibilities.?And I couldn't really face that,?so I started to challenge the conventions of the time,?even to the extent of changing my name from "Stephanie" to "Steve"?in my business development letters,?so as to get through the door before anyone realized?that he was a she.
沒有人會對職場或社會中的女性有什么真正的期望，因?yàn)槟菚r對女性所有的期望就是承擔(dān)家庭責(zé)任癌椿，操持家務(wù)健蕊。我實(shí)在無法接受，所以我向這個社會習(xí)俗發(fā)起挑戰(zhàn)踢俄，我甚至還在發(fā)展業(yè)務(wù)的信件上把名字由“斯蒂芬妮”改為“史蒂夫”缩功，以便于在別人看出“他”其實(shí)是“她”之前，?敲開投資者的門都办。
My company, called Freelance Programmers, and that's precisely what it was,?couldn't have started smaller: on the dining room table,?and financed by the equivalent of 100 dollars in today's terms,?and financed by my labor and by borrowing against the house.?My interests were scientific, the market was commercial —?things such as payroll, which I found rather boring.?
我的公司叫Freelance Programmers （自由職業(yè)程序員）嫡锌，顧名思義虑稼，不能再寒酸了：創(chuàng)立于餐桌，注冊資金僅相當(dāng)于今天的100美金势木，——這些資金其實(shí)是來自我的勞動報酬蛛倦、 和用房屋抵押借來的錢。我的興趣是科學(xué)技術(shù)啦桌∷莺可惜市場是商業(yè)化的——人們更關(guān)注工資單之類的東西，盡管我覺得那很無聊甫男。
(how to own)So I had to compromise with operational research work,?which had the intellectual challenge that interested me?and the commercial value that was valued by the clients:?things like scheduling freight trains,?time-tabling buses, stock control, lots and lots of stock control.?And eventually, the work came in.?We disguised the domestic and part-time nature of the staff?by offering fixed prices, one of the very first to do so.?
因此我不得不在研發(fā)工作上做出讓步且改。放棄那些吸引我的、充滿智慧的挑戰(zhàn)性課題板驳，轉(zhuǎn)而尋求客戶所看重的商業(yè)價值：如貨車時刻表又跛，公交車時間編排，股票控制若治，許多許多的股票控制慨蓝。最后，訂單終于來了端幼。我以固定的產(chǎn)品定價來掩蓋公司設(shè)立在家中菌仁、員工都是兼職的這些事實(shí)，這樣的做法在行業(yè)內(nèi)也少見先例静暂。
And who would have guessed that the programming?of the black box flight recorder of Supersonic Concord?would have been done by a bunch of women working in their own homes.?
有誰能想到協(xié)和超音速飛機(jī)上，進(jìn)行飛行紀(jì)錄的黑匣子程序谱秽，是出自一群在家中兼職的女性呢洽蛀？
All we used was a simple "trust the staff" approach?and a simple telephone.?We even used to ask job applicants, "Do you have access to a telephone?"
支撐我們完成這些的，只有一個簡單的理念： “相信員工”疟赊，以及一臺普通的電話機(jī)郊供。我們甚至還問前來申請工作的人： “你家里有電話嗎？”
An early project was to develop software standards?on management control protocols.?And software was and still is a maddeningly hard-to-control activity,?so that was enormously valuable.?We used the standards ourselves,?we were even paid to update them over the years,?and eventually, they were adopted by NATO.?Our programmers — remember, only women,?including gay and transgender —worked with pencil and paper to develop flowcharts?defining each task to be done.?
我們早期的一個項(xiàng)目是開發(fā)一個管理控制協(xié)議的軟件標(biāo)準(zhǔn)近哟。?“軟件”曾是驮审，現(xiàn)也依然是極易失控、令人抓狂的東西吉执，因此我們的那個項(xiàng)目價值連城疯淫。我們自己也采用了這套標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，持續(xù)多年對其進(jìn)行有償更新戳玫，最終熙掺，它被北約采用，作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)咕宿。我們的程序員——記住币绩，只有女性蜡秽，包括同性戀和變性者——用鉛筆在紙上畫下那一幅幅流程圖，定義每一項(xiàng)需要完成的任務(wù)缆镣。
And they then wrote code, usually machine code,?sometimes binary code,?which was then sent by mail to a data center?to be punched onto paper tape or card?and then re-punched, in order to verify it.?All this, before it ever got near a computer.?That was programming in the early 1960s.
然后她們寫代碼芽突，通常是寫機(jī)器代碼，偶爾寫二進(jìn)制代碼董瞻，這些代碼通過郵件寞蚌，被寄到數(shù)據(jù)中心，打在紙帶或卡片上力细，（那時的程序是通過在紙帶上的孔來讓計(jì)算機(jī)讀取的）反復(fù)打孔睬澡，確保無誤。這一切都是遠(yuǎn)在近代電腦出現(xiàn)前的做法眠蚂。這就是上世紀(jì)六十年代的早期編程方式煞聪。
(change)In 1975, 13 years from startup,?equal opportunity legislation came in in Britain?and that made it illegal to have our pro-female policies.?And as an example of unintended consequences,?my female company had to let the men in.?(Laughter)
1975年，公司創(chuàng)立后的第13年逝慧，英國通過了平等就業(yè)法規(guī)昔脯，只雇傭女性的做法成了違法的政策。因此笛臣，始料未及地云稚，我們的“女性公司”，不得不讓男人進(jìn)來了沈堡。
When I started my company of women,?the men said, "How interesting, because it only works because it's small."?And later, as it became sizable, they accepted, "Yes, it is sizable now,?but of no strategic interest."?And later, when it was a company valued at over three billion dollars,?and I'd made 70 of the staff into millionaires,?they sort of said, "Well done, Steve!"?
當(dāng)我創(chuàng)立我的女性公司時静陈，男人們說“真有趣啊，它之所以沒倒閉诞丽，只是因?yàn)楣咎×司ㄓ怠！?后來僧免，公司規(guī)模擴(kuò)大了刑赶，他們說：“沒錯，規(guī)模是大了懂衩，但沒有什么戰(zhàn)略利益撞叨。”?再后來浊洞，當(dāng)這個公司估值超過三十億美金時牵敷，我們讓70名員工變成了百萬富翁，他們好像是這么說的：“干得好沛申，史蒂夫劣领！”
⊙You can always tell ambitious women by the shape of our heads:?They're flat on top for being patted patronizingly.?(Laughter) (Applause)?And we have larger feet to stand away from the kitchen sink.
你始終可以從頭型來分辨出那些有野心的女人：她們的頭頂很平，那是用來屈尊俯就讓別人拍打的铁材。 而且我們還有足夠大的腳尖淘，足以走出廚房那一小塊空間奕锌。
Let me share with you two secrets of success:?
⊙Surround yourself with first-class people and people that you like
⊙And choose your partner very, very carefully.?
Because the other day when I said, "My husband's an angel,"?a woman complained — "You're lucky," she said,?"mine's still alive."?
我來跟你們分享兩個成功的秘密：讓自己周圍都是精英，和自己喜歡的人村生；然后謹(jǐn)慎惊暴、再謹(jǐn)慎地，挑選自己的搭檔趁桃。因?yàn)橛幸惶炝苫埃?dāng)我說，”我的丈夫是個天使卫病∮推。“?一個女人抱怨道——“你真幸運(yùn)，”她說蟀苛，?“我的丈夫還活著益咬。”?
（a mother of an autistic child）If success were easy, we'd all be millionaires.?But in my case, it came in the midst of family trauma and indeed, crisis.?Our late son, Giles, was an only child, a beautiful, contented baby.?And then, at two and a half,?like a changeling in a fairy story,?he lost the little speech that he had?and turned into a wild, unmanageable toddler.
如果成功很容易帜平，那我們都早成百萬富翁了幽告。但對我而言，我的成功是伴隨著家庭的“創(chuàng)傷”的裆甩，甚至是“危機(jī)”冗锁。我老來得子。Giles嗤栓，是我唯一的孩子冻河，一個美麗的、令人心滿意足的孩子茉帅。后來芋绸，兩歲半的時候，就像童話故事里被仙女偷換了一樣担敌，他不再言語，變成了焦躁廷蓉、不聽話的小孩全封。
（charity for autism）Not the terrible twos;?he was profoundly autistic and he never spoke again.Giles was the first resident in the first house of the first charity that I set up?to pioneer services for autism.?And then there's been a groundbreaking Prior's Court school?for pupils with autism?and a medical research charity, again, all for autism.?
不是普通兩歲小孩的那種“糟糕狀態(tài)”，而是嚴(yán)重的自閉癥桃犬，他再也沒張口說過話刹悴。Giles是我為自閉癥患者開創(chuàng)的第一所慈善機(jī)構(gòu)的第一位入住者。后來攒暇，我前所未有地創(chuàng)立了專為自閉癥兒童設(shè)立的特殊學(xué)校土匀，以及醫(yī)學(xué)研究慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，也是專為自閉癥患者設(shè)立的形用。
Because whenever I found a gap in services, I tried to help.⊙?I like doing new things and making new things happen.?And I've just started a three-year think tank for autism.
因?yàn)槊慨?dāng)我發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)有服務(wù)的不足就轧，我就盡自己的力量去填補(bǔ)证杭。我喜歡做新鮮的事，讓創(chuàng)新成為現(xiàn)實(shí)妒御。最近我剛為自閉癥患者建立了三年智囊團(tuán)服務(wù)解愤。
And so that some of my wealth does go back to the industry from which it stems,?I've also founded the Oxford Internet Institute?and other IT ventures.?The Oxford Internet Institute focuses not on the technology,?but on the social, economic, legal and ethical issues of the Internet.
我的部分財(cái)富回饋到了我獲取財(cái)富的行業(yè)，我還建立了牛津互聯(lián)網(wǎng)研究院和其他的一些IT企業(yè)乎莉。牛津互聯(lián)網(wǎng)研究院不僅僅關(guān)注技術(shù)送讲，也關(guān)注互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的社會、經(jīng)濟(jì)惋啃、法律和道德問題哼鬓。
Giles died unexpectedly 17 years ago now.?And I have learned to live without him,?and I have learned to live without his need of me.?Philanthropy is all that I do now.?I need never worry about getting lost because several charities would quickly come and find me.?
Giles在17年前突然去世了。我已經(jīng)學(xué)會了沒有他在身邊边灭，學(xué)會了生活在沒有他需要的世界里∫煜＃現(xiàn)在我的精力都放在了慈善事業(yè)上。走在路上我不必?fù)?dān)心迷路存筏，因?yàn)樵S多慈善機(jī)構(gòu)都能快速地找到我宠互。
⊙It's one thing to have an idea for an enterprise,?but as many people in this room will know,?making it happen is a very difficult thing?and it demands extraordinary energy, self-belief and determination,?the courage to risk family and home,?and a 24/7 commitment that borders on the obsessive.?So it's just as well that I'm a workaholic.?I believe in the beauty of work when we do it properly and in humility.?Work is not just something I do when I'd rather be doing something else.
有一個創(chuàng)業(yè)的點(diǎn)子是一回事，但在座的很多人都知道椭坚，讓這個點(diǎn)子變成現(xiàn)實(shí)是很難的予跌，這需要巨大的精力投入，堅(jiān)定的信念和決心善茎，還有承擔(dān)家庭問題的風(fēng)險的勇氣券册；還得每天24小時，一周7天的撲在自己癡迷的事業(yè)上垂涯。沒錯烁焙，我就是個工作狂。我相信耕赘，當(dāng)我們以謙遜的心態(tài)做正確的事時骄蝇，就能發(fā)現(xiàn)工作的美〔俾猓“工作”不是那種 “我明明有別的更好的事可做九火，卻不得不做”的事。
We live our lives forward.?So what has all that taught me??I learned that tomorrow's never going to be like today,?and certainly nothing like yesterday.?And that made me able to cope with change,?indeed, eventually to welcome change,?though I'm told I'm still very difficult.
生活需要向前看册招，我的這些經(jīng)歷教給了我什么岔激？我學(xué)到了：明天永遠(yuǎn)不會像今天這樣，當(dāng)然也不可能像昨天那樣是掰。這讓我能夠適應(yīng)一切變化虑鼎，最終，切實(shí)地?fù)肀ё兓M管別人告訴過我炫彩，我是個不知滿足的人匾七。
Thank you very much.(Applause)
非常感謝你們。（掌聲）
? ?TED系列媒楼，摘取自@TED博物館（公眾號）乐尊，詳情自行前往了解
? ?當(dāng)一名安靜的聆聽者，聽別人的故事划址，走進(jìn)別人的世界
? ?當(dāng)一名文明的表達(dá)者扔嵌，敢于表達(dá)，尊重表達(dá)
