Experience vs Memory 2

Now, I'd like to start with an example of somebody who had a question-and-answer session after one of my lectures reported a story, and that was a story.

ps:現(xiàn)在，我想從一個(gè)例子開(kāi)始耙旦，有人在我的一個(gè)講座報(bào)告了一個(gè)故事之后弯蚜，進(jìn)行了問(wèn)答征绸，那就是一個(gè)故事葫男。

Now現(xiàn)在;?目前;?此刻;?從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始;?表示厭煩;?既然;?由于

start with以…開(kāi)始

somebody同 someone;?某人;有人;?重要人物翅萤，大人物

session一場(chǎng);?一節(jié);?一段時(shí)間;?開(kāi)庭窒盐，開(kāi)庭期;?會(huì)議，會(huì)期;?學(xué)年

one of…之一

lectures講座潭陪，講課雄妥，演講;?教訓(xùn)，訓(xùn)斥依溯，譴責(zé);?開(kāi)講座老厌，講授，講課;?指責(zé)黎炉，訓(xùn)斥枝秤，告誡;?lecture的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)

reported匯報(bào);?報(bào)告;?通報(bào);?報(bào)道;?公布;?發(fā)表;?宣布;?據(jù)說(shuō)，傳聞;?report的過(guò)去分詞和過(guò)去式

story故事;?小說(shuō);?敘述慷嗜，描述;?對(duì)往事的敘述;?用歷史故事畫(huà)裝飾;?講…的故事;?把…作為故事講述說(shuō)謊

He said he'd been?listening to a symphony, and it was absolutely glorious music and at the very end of the recording, there was a dreadful screeching sound.

ps:他說(shuō)他一直在聽(tīng)一首交響樂(lè)淀弹，那是非常美妙的音樂(lè)，在錄音的最后庆械，有一種可怕的尖叫聲薇溃。

said說(shuō);?講;?告訴;?念;?朗誦;?背誦;?表達(dá)，表述;?say的過(guò)去分詞和過(guò)去式

listening聽(tīng);?傾聽(tīng);?聽(tīng)信;?聽(tīng)從;?聽(tīng)著缭乘，注意聽(tīng);?listen的現(xiàn)在分詞

symphony交響樂(lè);?交響曲

absolutely絕對(duì)地沐序，完全地;?絕對(duì)不;?完全沒(méi)有;?極其

glorious值得稱道的;?光榮的;?榮耀的;?壯麗的;?輝煌的;?光輝燦爛的;?極其令人愉快的;?極為宜人的

end of結(jié)尾;?為某事物的結(jié)尾;?末尾

recording錄制的音像;?錄音;?錄像;?錄制;?記錄，記載;?記錄;?記載;?錄;?演奏音樂(lè)供錄制;?灌;?record的現(xiàn)在分詞

dreadful糟糕透頂?shù)??討厭的;?令人不快的;?極其的堕绩，極壞的;?可怕的;?令人畏懼的;?使人痛苦的

screeching尖叫;?發(fā)出尖銳刺耳的聲音;?尖聲地說(shuō);?發(fā)出刺耳聲;?screech的現(xiàn)在分詞

sound聲音;?響聲;?聲;?聲響;?音響;?聽(tīng)起來(lái)好像;?讓人聽(tīng)著好像;?聽(tīng)起來(lái)…的;?發(fā)出聲音策幼，

And then he added, really quite emotionally, it ruined the whole experience.

But it hadn't.

What it had ruined were the memories of the experience.?

He had had the experience.?

He had had 20 minutes of glorious music.

They counted for nothing because he was left with a memory; the memory was ruined, and the memory was all that he had gotten to keep.

What this is telling us, really, is that we might be thinking of ourselves and of other people in terms of two selves.

ps:事實(shí)上，這告訴我們奴紧，我們可能在用兩個(gè)自我來(lái)思考自己和他人特姐。

telling強(qiáng)有力的;?有明顯效果的;?顯著的;?生動(dòng)的;?顯露真實(shí)面目的，說(shuō)明問(wèn)題的;?告訴;?告知;?提供;?說(shuō)明;?顯示;?講述;?說(shuō);?表達(dá);?tell的現(xiàn)在分詞

really事實(shí)上绰寞，真正地到逊，真實(shí)地;?確實(shí)铣口，的確;?加強(qiáng)形容詞或副詞的語(yǔ)氣

might(may的過(guò)去時(shí)滤钱，用于間接引語(yǔ))可能，可以;?可能;?可以;?強(qiáng)大力量;?威力

thinking思想;?思考;?思維;?想法;?見(jiàn)解;?思想的;?有理智的;?有思考力的;?認(rèn)為;?以為;?想;?思索;?琢磨;?think的現(xiàn)在分詞

ourselves(we的反身形式)我們自己;?(用于強(qiáng)調(diào)或代替we或us)我們自己脑题，親自

other people別人件缸；他人；物叔遂；旁人

in terms of在…方面;從…角度看;根據(jù)…來(lái)說(shuō)

two二

selvesself 的復(fù)數(shù)

There is an experiencing self, who lives in the present and knows the present, is capable of re-living the past, but basically it has only the present.

ps:有一個(gè)體驗(yàn)自我他炊，他生活在當(dāng)下争剿，知道現(xiàn)在，能夠重新生活過(guò)去痊末，但基本上它只有現(xiàn)在蚕苇。

experiencing經(jīng)歷;?經(jīng)受;?遭受;?感受;?體會(huì);?體驗(yàn);?experience的現(xiàn)在分詞

self通常的行為方式，本來(lái)面目凿叠，慣常心態(tài);?個(gè)性;?自我;?個(gè)人利益;?一己的享樂(lè);?私心

who誰(shuí)涩笤，什么人;?表示所指的人;?進(jìn)一步提供有關(guān)某人的信息

lives住;?居住;?生存;?活著;?live的第三人稱單數(shù)和life的復(fù)數(shù)

present現(xiàn)存的;?當(dāng)前的;?出現(xiàn);?在場(chǎng);?出席;?存在;?禮物;?禮品;?目前;?現(xiàn)在;?把…交給;?頒發(fā);?授予;?提出;?提交;?展現(xiàn)，顯示盒件，表現(xiàn)

knows知道;?知悉;?了解;?認(rèn)識(shí)到;?懂得;?意識(shí)到;?確信;?確知;?肯定;?know的第三人稱單數(shù)

capable of可以…的;?能…的;?易…的;?敢于…的

past過(guò)去的;?昔日的;?剛過(guò)去的;?剛結(jié)束的;?從前的;?以往的;?過(guò)去;?昔日;?過(guò)去的事情;?過(guò)去的經(jīng)歷;?晚于;?在…之后;?在另一邊;?到另一側(cè);?多于;?超過(guò);?從一側(cè)到另一側(cè);?經(jīng)過(guò);?過(guò)去蹬碧，逝去

basically大體上;?基本上;?總的說(shuō)來(lái);?從根本上說(shuō)

It's the experiencing self that the doctor approaches, you know, when the doctor asks, "Does it hurt now when I touch you here?"

And then there is a remembering self, and the remembering self is the one that keeps score, and maintains the story of our life, and it's the one that the doctor approaches in asking the question, "How have you been feeling lately?" or "How was your trip to Albania?" or something like that.

ps:然后有一個(gè)記憶的自我，記憶的自我是一個(gè)記分和維持我們生活的故事的自我炒刁，這是一個(gè)醫(yī)生問(wèn)的問(wèn)題恩沽，“你最近感覺(jué)如何？”或者“你的阿爾巴尼亞之行怎么樣翔始？”或者類似的事情罗心。

remembering回想起;?記得;?記起;?想起;?記住;?把…牢記在心;?remember的現(xiàn)在分詞

the one【電影】救世主;?平行殲滅戰(zhàn)

maintains維持;?保持;?維修;?保養(yǎng);?堅(jiān)持;?固執(zhí)己見(jiàn);?maintain的第三人稱單數(shù)

approaches靠近，接近;?接洽;?建議;?要求;?接近;?方式绽昏，方法协屡，態(tài)度;?approach的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)

lately最近;?新近;?近來(lái);?不久前

Albania阿爾巴尼亞

like that那樣地

Those are two very different entities, the experiencing self and the remembering self, and getting confused between them is part of the mess about the notion of happiness.

ps:這是兩個(gè)完全不同的實(shí)體，體驗(yàn)自我和記憶自我全谤，混淆兩者是幸福概念混亂的一部分肤晓。

entities獨(dú)立存在物;?實(shí)體;?entity的復(fù)數(shù)

experiencing經(jīng)歷;?經(jīng)受;?遭受;?感受;?體會(huì);?體驗(yàn);?experience的現(xiàn)在分詞

remembering回想起;?記得;?記起;?想起;?記住;?把…牢記在心;?remember的現(xiàn)在分詞

confused糊涂的;?迷惑的;?不清楚的;?混亂的;?難懂的;?使糊涂;?使迷惑;?混淆，混同;?使更難于理解;?confuse的過(guò)去分詞和過(guò)去式

part of部分

mess about胡鬧认然；弄亂

notion觀念;?信念;?理解

happiness幸福;?愉快;?適當(dāng);?幸運(yùn)

Questions：

1.Why does Kahneman provided the samples of a doctor asking questions?

to show the difference between the experiencing and remembering self.

2.Which of the following is correct about remembering self??

it recalls past events.

3.If something is dreadful,

?it is awful or unpleasant.

4.Why does Kahneman share the story about the man listening to music??

to highlight the difference between the experiencing self and the remembering self.

5.Which of the following is correct about experiencing self??

It lives largely in the present.

6.The notion of happiness means...

the idea or concept of happiness.?

Fill in the blanks:

Those are two very different entities, the experiencing self and the remembering self, and getting confused between them is part of the mess about the notion of happiness.

Now, the remembering self is a storyteller.?

ps:現(xiàn)在补憾，記得自己是一個(gè)講故事的人。

Now現(xiàn)在;?目前;?此刻;?從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始;?表示厭煩;?既然;?由于

remembering回想起;?記得;?記起;?想起;?記住;?把…牢記在心;?remember的現(xiàn)在分詞

self通常的行為方式卷员，本來(lái)面目盈匾，慣常心態(tài);?個(gè)性;?自我;?個(gè)人利益;?一己的享樂(lè);?私心

storyteller講故事的人;?故事作者

And that really starts with a basic response of our memories , it starts immediately.?

We don't only tell stories when we set out to tell stories.?

ps:我們不僅在開(kāi)始講故事的時(shí)候講故事。

only僅有的;?唯一的;?最好的;?最適當(dāng)?shù)??只;?只有;?僅;?僅在…情況下;?只不過(guò);?僅…而已;?不過(guò);?但是;?可是

tell告訴;?告知;?提供;?說(shuō)明;?顯示;?講述;?說(shuō);?表達(dá);?臺(tái)形土墩;?講的話;?談話;?傳聞

stories故事;?小說(shuō);?敘述毕骡，描述;?對(duì)往事的敘述;?story的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)

when什么時(shí)候;?何時(shí);?什么情況下;?什么場(chǎng)合下;?在那時(shí);?其時(shí);?當(dāng)時(shí);?當(dāng)場(chǎng);?在…時(shí)候;?當(dāng)…時(shí);?在…期間;?在…之后;?在任何…時(shí)候

set out to打算;?著手;?出發(fā)去做某事

Our memory tells us stories, that is, what we get to keep from our experiences is a story.?

ps:我們的記憶告訴我們故事削饵，也就是說(shuō)，我們從經(jīng)歷中得到的是一個(gè)故事未巫。

Our我們的;?用于稱上帝或圣人

memory記憶力;?記性;?記憶所及的時(shí)期;?回憶所及的范圍;?回憶;?記憶

tells告訴;?告知;?提供;?說(shuō)明;?顯示;?講述;?說(shuō);?表達(dá);?tell的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)

stories故事;?小說(shuō);?敘述窿撬，描述;?對(duì)往事的敘述;?story的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)

that is即;?用于糾正之前說(shuō)過(guò)的內(nèi)容

what什么;?…的事物;?無(wú)論什么;?凡是…的事物;?多么;?真;?太

get to開(kāi)始;?到達(dá)，抵達(dá);?抓仔鸱病劈伴；接觸，和…取得聯(lián)系

keep from隱瞞;?阻止握爷；免于;?忍住跛璧，戒

experiences經(jīng)驗(yàn);?實(shí)踐;?經(jīng)歷;?閱歷;?經(jīng)歷严里，體驗(yàn);?經(jīng)受;?遭受;?感受;?體會(huì);?體驗(yàn);?experience的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)

story故事;?小說(shuō);?敘述，描述;?對(duì)往事的敘述;?用歷史故事畫(huà)裝飾;?講…的

And let me begin with one example.?

This is an old study.?

Those are actual patients undergoing a painful procedure. I won't go into detail.?

ps:那些是真正的病人正在接受痛苦的手術(shù)追城。我不詳細(xì)說(shuō)刹碾。

Those用來(lái)對(duì)已經(jīng)提及的事物作補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明;?人們;人;?那些;?用于提供更多的細(xì)節(jié)、信息

actual真實(shí)的;?實(shí)際的;?真正的座柱，…本身

patients接受治療者教硫，病人;?病人;?受動(dòng)者;?patient的復(fù)數(shù)

undergoing經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受;?undergo的現(xiàn)在分詞

painful令人疼痛的;?令人痛苦的;?不愉快的;?困難的;?艱難的

procedure程序辆布，手續(xù)瞬矩，步驟;?程序;?手術(shù)

won獲勝，贏;?贏得锋玲，奪取景用，獲得，掙得;?取得;?win的過(guò)去分詞和過(guò)去式

It's no longer painful these days, but it was painful when this study was run in the 1990s.?

They were asked to report on their pain every 60 seconds.?

Here are two patients, those are their recordings.?

And you are asked, "Who of them suffered more?"?

And it's a very easy question.?

Clearly, Patient B suffered more , his colonoscopy was longer, and every minute of pain that Patient A had, Patient B had, and more.

But now there is another question: "How much did these patients think they suffered?"?

And here is a surprise.?

The surprise is that Patient A had a much worse memory of the colonoscopy than Patient B.?

ps:令人驚訝的是惭蹂，病人A對(duì)結(jié)腸鏡的記憶比病人B差得多伞插。

surprise意想不到的事;?令人驚奇的事;?驚奇;?驚訝;?意外;?出人意表的做事方式;?出奇制勝的策略;?使驚奇;?使詫異;?使感到意外;?出其不意地攻擊;?使措手不及;?無(wú)意中發(fā)現(xiàn)

Patient接受治療者，病人;?病人;?受動(dòng)者;?有耐心的;?能忍耐的

much(與不可數(shù)名詞連用盾碗，尤用于否定句;?或與how連用以詢問(wèn)數(shù)量;?也可與as媚污、so和too連用)許多，大量廷雅，多少;?非常;?更加;?很

worse更差;?更糟;?更壞;?更嚴(yán)重的;?更嚴(yán)厲的;?病情更重;?健康惡化;?更不愉快;?更嚴(yán)重;?更厲害;?更糟的是;?更倒霉的是;?更多的問(wèn)題;?更壞的消息;?bad的比較級(jí);?badly的比較級(jí);?ill的比較級(jí)

memory記憶力;?記性;?記憶所及的時(shí)期;?回憶所及的范圍;?回憶;?記憶

colonoscopy結(jié)腸鏡檢查

The stories of the colonoscopies were different, and because a very critical part of the story is how it ends.?

ps:結(jié)腸鏡檢查的故事是不同的耗美，因?yàn)楣适碌囊粋€(gè)非常關(guān)鍵的部分是如何結(jié)束的。

stories故事;?小說(shuō);?敘述航缀，描述;?對(duì)往事的敘述;?story的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)

werebe 的過(guò)去時(shí)復(fù)數(shù)和第二人稱單數(shù)形式;?有時(shí)代替 was商架，用于條件從句、動(dòng)詞 wish 之后等

different不同的;?有區(qū)別的;?有差異的;?分別的;?各別的;?各種的;?不平常;?與眾不同;?別致

because因?yàn)?/p>

very很芥玉，非常蛇摸，十分，極;?(強(qiáng)調(diào)形容詞最高級(jí)或置于own前)完全灿巧，十足;?完全同樣;?完全同一;?正是的赶袄，恰好的，同一的;?最…的抠藕，極端的饿肺，十足的;?僅僅的，唯獨(dú)的幢痘，甚至于

critical part主要機(jī)件唬格；要害部分

story故事;?小說(shuō);?敘述家破，描述;?對(duì)往事的敘述;?用歷史故事畫(huà)裝飾;?講…的故事;?把…作為故事講述說(shuō)謊

how怎樣;?如何多少颜说，多么购岗，多大

ends終止，終結(jié)门粪，結(jié)局喊积，結(jié)尾;?末端;?盡頭;?末梢;?結(jié)束;?破滅;?終止;?end的第三人稱

And neither of these stories is very inspiring or great,? but one of them is this distinct, but one of them is distinctly worse than the other.?

ps:這兩個(gè)故事都不是很鼓舞人心或偉大的，但其中一個(gè)是如此與眾不同玄妈，但其中一個(gè)明顯比另一個(gè)更糟糕乾吻。

neither兩者都不;?也不;?既不…也不…

stories故事;?小說(shuō);?敘述，描述;?對(duì)往事的敘述;?story的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)

very很拟蜻，非常绎签，十分，極;?(強(qiáng)調(diào)形容詞最高級(jí)或置于own前)完全酝锅，十足;?完全同樣;?完全同一;?正是的诡必，恰好的，同一的;?最…的搔扁，極端的爸舒，十足的;?僅僅的，唯獨(dú)的稿蹲，甚至于

inspiring鼓舞人心的;?激勵(lì)的;?啟發(fā)靈感的;?激勵(lì);?鼓舞;?賦予靈感;?引起聯(lián)想;?啟發(fā)思考;?使產(chǎn)生;?inspire的現(xiàn)在分詞

them他們;?她們;?它們;?指性別不詳?shù)娜藭r(shí)扭勉，用以代替him或her

distinct清晰的;?清楚的;?明白的;?明顯的;?截然不同的;?有區(qū)別的;?不同種類的;?確定無(wú)疑的;?確實(shí)的;?確切的

one of…之一

distinctly明顯地；無(wú)疑地苛聘，確實(shí)地

And the one that is worse is the one where pain was at its peak at the very end; it's a bad story.?

ps:更糟糕的是涂炎，痛苦在最后達(dá)到頂峰；這是一個(gè)糟糕的故事设哗。

worse更差;?更糟;?更壞;?更嚴(yán)重的;?更嚴(yán)厲的;?病情更重;?健康惡化;?更不愉快;?更嚴(yán)重;?更厲害;?更糟的是;?更倒霉的是;?更多的問(wèn)題;?更壞的消息;?bad的比較級(jí);?badly的比較級(jí);?ill的比較級(jí)

where在哪里;?到哪里;?處于哪種情形;?在那璧尸，到那;?在那里;?在該處;?在該情況下;?…的地方;?…情況下;?地方;?場(chǎng)所哪里

pain疼痛;?痛苦;?苦惱;?煩惱;?討厭的人;?令人頭痛的人;?使痛苦;?使苦惱

peak頂峰;?高峰;?山峰;?峰巒;?尖形;?尖端;?尖頭;?達(dá)到高峰;?達(dá)到最高值;?最高度的;?高峰時(shí)期的;?巔峰狀態(tài)的

very很，非常熬拒，十分爷光，極;?(強(qiáng)調(diào)形容詞最高級(jí)或置于own前)完全，十足;?完全同樣;?完全同一;?正是的澎粟，恰好的蛀序，同一的;?最…的，極端的活烙，十足的;?僅僅的徐裸，唯獨(dú)的，甚至于

end終止啸盏，終結(jié)重贺，結(jié)局，結(jié)尾;?末端;?盡頭;?末梢;?結(jié)束;?破滅;?終止

bad令人不快的;?問(wèn)題成堆的;?壞的;?質(zhì)量差的;?不合格的;?拙于;?不擅;?不善于;?壞人;?壞事;?很;?非常

story故事;?小說(shuō);?敘述，描述;?對(duì)往事的敘述;?用歷史故事畫(huà)裝飾;?講

How do we know that??

Because we asked these people after their colonoscopy, and much later, too, "How bad was the whole thing, in total?"?

And it was much worse for A than for B, in memory.

Now this is a direct conflict between the experiencing self and the remembering self.?

ps:現(xiàn)在這是體驗(yàn)自我和記憶自我之間的直接沖突气笙。

direct直接的;?親自的;?親身的;?筆直的;?徑直的;?最近的;?直射的;?把…對(duì)準(zhǔn);?管理;?監(jiān)督;?指導(dǎo);?導(dǎo)演;?指揮;?直接;?徑直;?親自

conflict沖突;?爭(zhēng)執(zhí);?爭(zhēng)論;?戰(zhàn)斗;?抵觸;?矛盾;?不一致;?沖突次企，抵觸

between在…中間，介于…之間;?在…之間潜圃，在…中間;?介于…之間

experiencing經(jīng)歷;?經(jīng)受;?遭受;?感受;?體會(huì);?體驗(yàn);?experience的現(xiàn)在分詞

self通常的行為方式缸棵，本來(lái)面目，慣常心態(tài);?個(gè)性;?自我;?個(gè)人利益;?一己的享樂(lè);?私心

remembering回想起;?記得;?記起;?想起;?記住;?把…牢記在心;?remember

From the point of view of the experiencing self, clearly, B had a worse time.?

Now, what you could do with Patient A, and we actually ran clinical experiments, and it has been done, and it does work , you could actually extend the colonoscopy of Patient A by just keeping the tube in without jiggling it too much.?

ps:現(xiàn)在谭期，你可以對(duì)病人A做些什么堵第，我們進(jìn)行了臨床實(shí)驗(yàn)，已經(jīng)做過(guò)了隧出，而且確實(shí)有效踏志，你可以把病人A的結(jié)腸鏡擴(kuò)大，只要把管子保持在里面胀瞪，而不用太搖晃它狰贯。

could do with需要;渴望得到

Patient接受治療者，病人;?病人;?受動(dòng)者;?有耐心的;?能忍耐的

ran跑;?奔跑;?跑步;?做跑步運(yùn)動(dòng);?run的過(guò)去式

clinical臨床的;?臨床診斷的;?冷淡的;?無(wú)動(dòng)于衷的;?無(wú)同情心的;?簡(jiǎn)陋的;?無(wú)裝飾的

experiments實(shí)驗(yàn);?試驗(yàn);?嘗試;?實(shí)踐;?做試驗(yàn);?進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn);?試用;?experiment的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)

has been已經(jīng)

extend使伸長(zhǎng);?擴(kuò)大;?擴(kuò)展;?延長(zhǎng);?使延期;?擴(kuò)大…的范圍

colonoscopy結(jié)腸鏡檢查

jiggling上下急動(dòng)赏廓，左右搖擺涵紊，抖動(dòng);?jiggle的現(xiàn)在分詞

too much過(guò)分

That will cause the patient to suffer, but just a little and much less than before.?

And if you do that for a couple of minutes, you have made the experiencing self of Patient A worse off, and you have the remembering self of Patient A a lot better off,? because now you have endowed Patient A with a better story about his experience.?

ps:如果你這樣做幾分鐘，你會(huì)讓病人的自我體驗(yàn)變得更糟幔摸，你會(huì)讓病人的自我記憶變得更好摸柄，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在你給了病人一個(gè)更好的關(guān)于他的經(jīng)歷的故事。

a couple of一對(duì)

minutes分鐘;?分;?一會(huì)兒;?一會(huì)兒的工夫;?時(shí)刻;?將寫進(jìn)會(huì)議記錄;?minute的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)

experiencing經(jīng)歷;?經(jīng)受;?遭受;?感受;?體會(huì);?體驗(yàn);?experience的現(xiàn)在分詞

Patient接受治療者既忆，病人;?病人;?受動(dòng)者;?有耐心的;?能忍耐的

worse off窮困的;?拮據(jù)的;?境況不佳的;?badly off的比較級(jí)

remembering回想起;?記得;?記起;?想起;?記住;?把…牢記在心;?remember的現(xiàn)在分詞

a lot常;?許多

better off境況較好的

endowed捐錢驱负，捐贈(zèng)，資助;?endow的過(guò)去分詞和過(guò)去式

What defines a story??

And that is true of the stories that memory delivers for us, and it's also true of the stories that we make up.?

ps:記憶帶給我們的故事也是如此患雇，我們編造的故事也是如此跃脊。

stories故事;?小說(shuō);?敘述，描述;?對(duì)往事的敘述;?story的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)

memory記憶力;?記性;?記憶所及的時(shí)期;?回憶所及的范圍;?回憶;?記憶

delivers遞送;?傳送;?交付;?運(yùn)載;?發(fā)表;?宣布;?發(fā)布;?履行諾言;?不負(fù)所望;?兌現(xiàn);?deliver的第三人稱單數(shù)

for us對(duì)我們有利

also而且;?此外;?也;?同樣

true符合事實(shí)的;?確實(shí)的;?如實(shí)的;?實(shí)質(zhì)的苛吱，真正的;?名副其實(shí)的;?真正的;?筆直地;?不偏不斜地;?直言相告;?實(shí)話實(shí)說(shuō);?真實(shí);?準(zhǔn)確

make up和解;和好;?組成;?構(gòu)成;?編造酪术，虛構(gòu);?給…化妝;?為…打扮;?湊足，補(bǔ)

What defines a story are changes, significant moments and endings.?

Endings are very, very important and, in this case, the ending dominated.

ps:結(jié)尾非常非常重要翠储，在這種情況下绘雁，結(jié)尾占主導(dǎo)地位。

Endings結(jié)尾援所，結(jié)局;?結(jié)束;?終結(jié);?最后部分;?詞尾;?ending的復(fù)數(shù)

very很庐舟，非常，十分住拭，極;?(強(qiáng)調(diào)形容詞最高級(jí)或置于own前)完全挪略，十足;?完全同樣;?完全同一;?正是的历帚，恰好的，同一的;?最…的杠娱，極端的挽牢，十足的;?僅僅的，唯獨(dú)的墨辛，甚至于

important重要的;?有重大影響的;?有巨大價(jià)值的;?影響很大的;?權(quán)威的

in this case既然是這樣

ending結(jié)尾，結(jié)局;?結(jié)束;?終結(jié);?最后部分;?詞尾;?終止;?end的現(xiàn)在分詞

dominated支配;?控制;?左右;?影響;?在…中具有最重要的特色;?在…中擁有最重要的位置;?俯視;?高聳于;?dominate的過(guò)去分詞和過(guò)去式

Questions:

1.What two?variable did the study compare?

patients' perception of pain during and after the procedure.

2.What lesson can be taken away from this study?

people's memory of happiness is not necessarily reflective of reality.

3.What is surprising about this study?

Patient B had a better memory of the procedure than patient A, despite suffering me.?

4.What influence the patients' memories of procedure?in the study??

the amount of pain at the end.

Read and repeat the sentences:

1.It's no longer painful these days, but it was painful when this study was run in the 1990s.?

2.The one that is worse is the one where pain was at its peak at the end.

3 .Endings are very, very important and, in this case, the ending dominated.