環(huán)境準備

python3.7
新建python工程
chromedriver.exe

  pip install xlrd
  pip install xlutils
  pip install selenium

項目結(jié)構(gòu)

項目結(jié)構(gòu)

項目結(jié)構(gòu)

一、獲取測試用例

Excel用例分為兩部分
元素

image.png

獲取頁面元素信息：

def getPages(path):
    book = xlrd.open_workbook(path)  # 打開要讀取的Excel
    sheet = book.sheet_by_index(0)
    rows = sheet.nrows  # sheet頁里面的行數(shù)
    webPages = []##存放webPage類
    webpage = webPageClass()
    for i in range(1, rows):
        cells = sheet.row_values(i)
        # print(cells)
        if i == 1:
            webpage.pageName = cells[0]
        elif cells[0] != '':
            ##如果當?shù)谝桓裼兄捣沧剩敲磳⑸弦粋€webpage對象加入到webpages集合中渴肉，并創(chuàng)建一個新的webpage類
            webPages.append(webpage)
            webpage = webPageClass()
            webpage.pageName = cells[0]
        webelement = pageElementClass(cells[1], cells[2], cells[3])
        webpage.pageElements.append(webelement)
        if i == rows - 1:
            ##當?shù)竭_最后一行時冗懦，將webpage對象添加到webpages中
            webPages.append(webpage)
    return webPages

用例

image.png

獲取用例信息

def getcase(path):
    book = xlrd.open_workbook(path)  # 打開要讀取的Excel
    sheet = book.sheet_by_index(1)
    rows = sheet.nrows  # sheet頁里面的行
    webpages = webpage.getPages(path)
    testcaseList = []##存放case對象
    testcase = TestCaseClass("")
    for i in range(1, rows):
        cells = sheet.row_values(i)
        if i == 1:
            testcase.casename = cells[0]
        elif cells[0] != "":
            ##當?shù)谝粋€格子有值值時創(chuàng)建一個新的case對象，并將上一個case對象添加到數(shù)組中
            testcaseList.append(testcase)
            testcase = TestCaseClass(cells[0])
            ##檢查用例元素是否存在再頁面中
        element = findpageelement(webpages, cells[3], cells[4])
        ##floatTostring（）excel表中會出現(xiàn)純數(shù)字內(nèi)容仇祭，py會將其默認為float類型批狐；
        ##所以需根據(jù)該值具體情況，轉(zhuǎn)化為str類型
        step = CaseStepClass(stepname=cells[2], element=element, action=cells[5], parm=floatTostring(cells[6]),
                             expect=cells[7], row=i)
        testcase.steps.append(step)
    testcaseList.append(testcase)
    return testcaseList


def floatTostring(value):
    if type(value) == float:
        if value - int(value) == 0:
            ##如果value為整數(shù)則需轉(zhuǎn)化為int在轉(zhuǎn)化為str
            return str(int(value))
        else:
            ##如果value為小數(shù)則直接轉(zhuǎn)化為str
            return str(value)
    return str(value)


def findpageelement(webElements, pagename, elementname):
    ##根據(jù)頁面名稱前塔、元素名稱尋找具體的元素屬性嚣艇，如果尋到了則返回pageelement對象
    ##如果沒有找到則直接退出程序
    print("尋找的頁面" + pagename + "尋找的元素" + elementname)
    for webPage in webElements:
        print("進入頁面" + webPage.pageName)
        if webPage.pageName != pagename:
            continue
        elif webPage.pageName == pagename:
            for pageElement in webPage.pageElements:
                if pageElement.elemnetNmae != elementname:
                    continue
                elif pageElement.elemnetNmae == elementname:
                    print("找到了元素")
                    print(pageElement.say())
                    return pageElement
                else:
                    print("findpageelement:elementerr")
        else:
            print("findpageelement:pageerr")
    print("!!!!!!!!尋找不到元素")
    exit()

webdriver操作

元素定位

    def find_element(self, type, value):
        ###只是添加了一些打印信息
        print("方法" + type + "目標值：" + value + "查找元素")
        try:
            webElment = self.webdriver.find_element(type, value)
        except BaseException:
            print("尋找元素錯誤")
        else:
            print("尋找元素daole")
            return webElment

元素操作

    def elementAction(self, step):
        ##根據(jù)step.action的值，執(zhí)行相應(yīng)的webdriver方法
        if step.action == "get":
            print("瀏覽器打開了url：" + step.element.value)
            self.webdriver.get(step.element.value)
            return
        element = self.find_element(step.element.by, step.element.value)
        if step.action == "click":
            print("點擊了元素：" + step.element.value)
            element.click()
        elif step.action == "text":
            print("預(yù)期值：" + step.expect)
            print("實際值：" + element.text)
            # assert step.expect == element.text
            if step.expect == element.text:
                # record(result="T", row=step.row)
                return "T"
            else:
                return "F"
        elif step.action == "send_keys":
            print("send_keys元素：" + str(step.parm))
            element.send_keys(step.parm)
        elif step.action == "clear":
            element.clear()
        else:
            print("action值錯誤")

用例執(zhí)行

 ##執(zhí)行用例
    def run(self):
        for testCase in self.testCases:
            print("==============開始執(zhí)行用例<<" + testCase.casename + ">>==============")
            self.docase(testCase)
            print("==============用例執(zhí)行完畢<<" + testCase.casename + ">>==============")
        self.close()
    ##關(guān)閉瀏覽器
    def close(self):
        self.webDriver.webdriver.close()
    ##執(zhí)行用例步驟
    def docase(self, case):
        for step in case.steps:
            try:
                if step.action == "text":
                    ##當步驟方法為text時华弓，設(shè)想為校驗步驟
                    ##執(zhí)行elementAction方法會返回校驗結(jié)果
                    result = self.webDriver.elementAction(step)
                    ##記錄校驗結(jié)果
                    self.record(result=result, row=step.row)
                else:
                    ##其它動作類型
                    self.webDriver.elementAction(step)
            except BaseException:
                print("err:步驟異常提前記錄食零，并結(jié)束這一次用例")
                self.record("F", case.steps[len(case.steps)-1].row)
                break

    def record(self, result, row):
        ###只支持xls
        print("***寫入用例結(jié)果****")
        print("用例通過情況：" + result)
        book = xlrd.open_workbook(self.casepath)
        wtbook = xlutils.copy.copy(book)
        wtsheet = wtbook.get_sheet(1)
        wtsheet.write(row, 8, result)
        wtbook.save(self.casepath)

程序啟動

# 遍歷文件夾
def walkFile(file):
    filelist = []
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(file):
        # root 表示當前正在訪問的文件夾路徑
        # dirs 表示該文件夾下的子目錄名list
        # files 表示該文件夾下的文件list
        # 遍歷文件
        for f in files:
            print(os.path.join(root, f))
            filelist.append(f)
        # # 遍歷所有的文件夾
        # for d in dirs:
        #     print(os.path.join(root, d))
    return filelist


def main():
    ##獲取用例文件信息
    filelist = walkFile("./excelcase/")
    for casefile in filelist:
        ##根據(jù)用例文件創(chuàng)建多個測試任務(wù)
        print("==============獲取用例數(shù)據(jù)==============")
        casefile = './excelcase/'+casefile
        caselist = testcase.getcase(casefile)
        print("==============用例數(shù)據(jù)獲取完成==============")
        testtask = test.testClass(caselist, casefile)
        testtask.run()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()