On Reading Minds 1(13'27)

Today I'm going to tell you about the problems of other minds.

And the problem I'm going to talk about is not he familiar one from philosophy, which is, "How can we know whether other people have minds?"

That is maybe you have a mind, and everyone else is just a really convincing robot.

So that's a problem in philosophy, but for today's purposes I'm going to assume that many people in this audience have a mind, and that I don't have to worry about this.

There is a second problem that's maybe even more familiar to us, as parents and teacher's and spouses and novelists.

which is, " why is it so hard to know what somebody else wants or believes?

Or perhaps, more relevantly, " why is so hard to change what somebody else wants to believes?

I thinks novelists put this best.

Like Philip Roth, who said," And yet, what are we to do about this terribly significant business of other people.

So ill-equipped are we all, to envision one another's interior workings and invisible aims."

So as a teacher and as a spouse, this is , of course, a problem I confront every day.

But as a scientist, I'm interested in a different problems of other minds, and that's the one I'm going to introduce to you today.

And that problem is, " How is it so easy to know other minds?

So to start with an illustration, you need almost no information, one snapshot of a stranger, to guess what this woman is thinking, or what this man is.

And put another way, the crux of the problem is the machine that we use for thinking about other minds, our brain, is made up of pieces, brain cells.

that we share with all other animals , with monkeys and mice and even sea slugs.

And yet, you put them together in a particular network, and what you get is the capacity to write Romeo and Juliet.

Or to say, as Alan Greenspan did," I know you think you understand what you thought ?I said, but I'm not sure you realize that what you heard is not what I meant.

1. How did Sax start her speech?

...She engage the audience by introducing questions they're familiar with.

2. The crux of a problem is...

... the most important or difficult part.

3. 排序

1）Today I'm going to tell you about the problems of other minds.

2) And the problem I'm going to talk about is not he familiar one from philosophy, which is, "How can we know whether other people have minds?"

?3) That is maybe you have a mind, and everyone else is just a really convincing robot.

4) So that's a problem in philosophy, but for today's purposes I'm going to assume that many people in this audience have a mind, and that I don't have to worry about this.

4. 聽復(fù)述

As a teacher and as a spouse, this is a problem I confront every day.

5. The?crux of a problem is the most important or difficult part of it.