The Political Problem-4
Mob-rule is a rough sea for the ship of state to ride; every wind of oratory stirs up the waters and deflects the course.?
Mob-rule，暴民統(tǒng)治的政治制度
ride泡一，航行
oratory演熟，公眾演講
deflect锚扎，使轉(zhuǎn)向
The upshot of such a democracy is tyranny or autocracy; the crowd so loves flattery, it is so "hungry for honey," that at last the wiliest and most unscrupulous flatterer, calling himself the "protector of the people" rises to supreme power. (Consider the history of Rome.)?
upshot猛频，結(jié)局
tyranny，暴政
autocracy缺猛，獨(dú)裁統(tǒng)治
wily拷沸，狡猾的
unscrupulous，不道德的
The more Plato thinks of it, the more astounded he is at the folly of leaving to mob caprice and gullibility the selection of political officials-not to speak of leaving it to those shady and wealthserving strategists who pull the oligarchic wires behind the democratic stage.?
astounded消玄，震驚的
folly跟伏，愚蠢
not to speak of 更不要提。莱找。酬姆。
Plato complains that whereas in simpler matters—like shoe-making—we think only a specially-trained person will serve our purpose, in politics we presume that every one who knows how to get votes knows how to administer a city or a state.?
When we are ill we call for a trained physician, whose degree is a guarantee of specific preparation and technical competence—we do not ask for the handsomest physician, or the most eloquent one; well then, when the whole state is ill should we not look for the service and guidance of the wisest and the best??
To devise a method of barring incompetence and knavery from public office, and of selecting and preparing the best to rule for the common good—that is the problem of political philosophy.
[ 00’33” ] ride (航行)
[ 00’58” ] deflect the course (使航線偏斜)
[ 01’19” ] upshot (結(jié)果)
[ 01’25” ] tyranny (暴政)
[ 01’30” ] autocracy (獨(dú)裁)
[ 02’18” ] wily (狡猾的)
[ 02’32” ] unscrupulous (不道德的)
[ 02’56” ] populism (民粹主義，又譯平民主義奥溺、大眾主義辞色、人民主義。擁護(hù)平民掌控政治浮定，反對(duì)精英或貴族掌控政治相满。)
[ 04’33” ] astounded (surprised，震驚的)
[ 04’59” ] caprice (變化無(wú)常的)
[ 05’01” ] gullibility (輕信桦卒；易受騙)
[ 05’23” ] not to speak of (更不要提)
[ 05’32” ] shady (墻頭草立美，不可靠的)
[ 05’40” ] wealthserving (逐利的)
[ 05’50” ] strategist (戰(zhàn)略家)
[ 06’20” ] pull the wires (幕后操縱)
[ 07’11” ] presume (認(rèn)為)
[ 08’14” ] physician (內(nèi)科醫(yī)生)
[ 08’42” ] competence (能力，技能)
[ 08’56” ] eloquent (雄辯的方灾，有口才的)
[ 09’10” ] well then (那么)
[ 10’50” ] devise (設(shè)計(jì)建蹄；裝置)
[ 11’04” ] bar (阻攔)
[ 11’18” ] knavery (無(wú)賴之徒)
備注：【夏老師糾錯(cuò)板塊】
音頻 10：39處 knavery 的正確讀音為 /?ne?v?ri/
