第八章提到的“Mine-is better”錯(cuò)誤和第九章提到的立場(chǎng)錯(cuò)誤渊抽，是面對(duì)問(wèn)題時(shí)存在的思維錯(cuò)誤较屿，第十章提到的”程序錯(cuò)誤“是我們?cè)诮鉀Q問(wèn)題的過(guò)程中存在的思維錯(cuò)誤稀拐。
每日五詞
1. foetus
[N-COUNT 可數(shù)名詞] 胎兒啸澡；Afoetusis an animal or human being in its later stages of development before it is born.
2. prod
[VERB 動(dòng)詞] 提醒；促使慰毅；督促隘截；If youprodsomeoneintodoing something, you remind or persuade them to do it.
The report should prod the Government into spending more on the Health Service...
這份報(bào)告將督促政府加大在衛(wèi)生服務(wù)方面的支出。
3.susceptible
likely or liable to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing
易受影響的; 易受傷害的：
patients with liver disease may besusceptible toinfection.
肝病病人易受感染汹胃。
4.phoney
/?f??n?/
（亦作phony） informal 〈非正式〉
adjective
(phonier,phoniest) not genuine; fraudulent
虛假的, 偽造的; 欺詐性的, 詐騙的：
I thought your accent was a bit phoney.
我認(rèn)為你的腔調(diào)有點(diǎn)假婶芭。
5.belligerent
/b??l?d??r?nt/
adjective
hostile and aggressive
敵對(duì)的, 好戰(zhàn)的：
the mood at the meeting was belligerent.
會(huì)場(chǎng)籠罩著好戰(zhàn)的氣氛。
Summary
Chapter 9
In chapter 9 we examined errors of perspective, which will shape the attitude and habits of evaluating issues.They also create bias expectations. The worst is that we may not be aware of their existence.
As the author says, the chapter is designed to help us evaluate our patterns of thought and root outperspective errors obstructing our critical thinking.
There are seven specific errors: poverty of aspect, unwarranted assumptions, the either/or outlook, mind- less conformity, absolutism, relativism, and bias for or against change.
Chapter 10 Errors of Procedure
In chapter 10 we examined the kinds of errors occurring in the process of addressing specific issues: biased consideration of evidence, double standard, hasty conclusion, overgeneralization and stereotyping, oversimplification, and the post hoc fallacy.
感悟
第九章提到一個(gè)盲從錯(cuò)誤着饥。作為個(gè)體我們總是希望被他人接受犀农，所以會(huì)遵從某些規(guī)則、章程宰掉、甚至是潛規(guī)則呵哨，這有助于我們?nèi)谌雸F(tuán)隊(duì)，被接納轨奄。但是孟害，遵從不是盲從，但是盲從有時(shí)候是潛意識(shí)的東西挪拟，在不知不中挨务，失去自我。
電影《死亡詩(shī)社》是我非常喜歡的一部電影玉组，其中有一個(gè)片段是關(guān)于個(gè)體和遵從的谎柄，值得思考。
Keating把學(xué)生們帶到操場(chǎng)上惯雳，告訴他們什么個(gè)體朝巫，什么是遵從。
每個(gè)學(xué)生單獨(dú)走路的時(shí)候石景，步伐有明顯的個(gè)人特征劈猿，或快或慢，或者散漫或者鸵钝，然而當(dāng)學(xué)生們一起在操場(chǎng)上走路時(shí)糙臼，不知不覺(jué)中庐镐，他們的步伐節(jié)奏變得非常一致恩商。這時(shí)候，Keating教授讓他們停下來(lái)必逆，問(wèn)學(xué)生們是否注意到開(kāi)始的時(shí)候每個(gè)人都有自己的步伐步調(diào)怠堪，但是當(dāng)面對(duì)他人是揽乱，試圖保持自己的步調(diào)是非常困難的。不知不覺(jué)中我們被同化了粟矿。
“If you’ll notice, everyone started off with their own stride, their own pace,” We all crave acceptance, but despite “the difficulty of maintaining your own beliefs in the face of others,” we must resist conformity. He quotes Robert Frost: “Two roads diverged in a wood, and I— / I took the one less traveled by, / And that has made all the difference.”
