句子簡化的原則：一纬霞、對等從句中，重復(fù)主語或動詞擇一省略栽连；二险领、從屬從句中侨舆，省略主語與be動詞兩個部分秒紧，留下補語。

例1：

句1：The patient had not responded to the standard treatment.

句2：This fact greatly puzzled the medical team.

這里句2中的this fact就是句1中的內(nèi)容挨下，經(jīng)過這里的聯(lián)系可以把兩句聯(lián)合起來：

The patient had not responded to the standard treatment, which greatly puzzled the medical team.

這里是有which的話熔恢，容易指代不明，可以當做是the fact還可以當做是前一句的the stand treatment臭笆，不妨改成名詞從句：

That the patient had not responded to the standard treatment greatly puzzled the medical team.

這個句子依然不夠精簡叙淌，我們使用簡化通用三原則來看一下：1.有be動詞的省略be動詞；2.有助動詞的改寫成to V愁铺；3.除此以外的動詞一律加上-ing保留鹰霍。

that引導(dǎo)的名詞從句中，動詞是had not responded屬于第三種情況茵乱，所以改寫成：not having responded茂洒，原來的主語改成所有格：

The patient's not having responded to the standard treatment greatly puzzled the medical team.

例2：

句1：The summer tourists are all gone.

句2：The resort town has resumed its air of tranquillity.

這兩句沒有元素間的重復(fù)，但是邏輯上是有關(guān)聯(lián)的瓶竭，加入now that以后改成：

Now that the summer tourists are all gone, the resort town has resumed its air of tranquillity.

連接詞now that可以改寫成with：

With the summer tourists all gone, the resort town has resumed its air of tranquillity.

例3：

句1：Confucius must have written on pieces of bamboo.

句2：Confucius lived in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.

句3：Paper was not available until the Eastern Han Dynasty.

句1和句2經(jīng)由Confucius建立聯(lián)系：

Confucius, who lived in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, must have written on pieces of bamboo.

簡化：

Confucius, living in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, must have written on pieces of bamboo.

句3標識原因督勺，我們加入連接詞because后渠羞，形成合句：

Confucius, living in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, must have written on pieces of bamboo, because paper was not available until the Eastern Han Dynasty.

由于because后面引導(dǎo)的從句主語同主句的主語不同，不能省略智哀，我們只能省略掉be動詞was次询，將動詞變成-ing形式，副詞從句中必須要有分詞配合瓷叫，這里就需要加入being：

Confucius, living in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, must have written on pieces of bamboo, paper being not available until the Eastern Han Dynasty.

例4：

句1：The movable-type press was invented by Gutenberg.

句2：The movable-type press was introduced to England in 1482.

句3：This event marked the end of the Dark Ages there.

句1和句2中the movable-type press是重復(fù)的內(nèi)容屯吊，建立聯(lián)系：

The movable-type press, which was invented by Gutenberg, was introduced to England in 1482.

簡化后：

The movable-type press, invented by Gutenberg, was introduced to England in 1482.

句3中的this event就是前兩句話的整個內(nèi)容，我們用which作連接詞：

The movable-type press, invented by Gutenberg, was introduced to England in 1482赞辩，an event which marked the end of the Dark Ages there.

進一步簡化為：

The movable-type press, invented by Gutenberg, was introduced to England in 1482雌芽， marking the end of the Dark Ages there.

例5：

句1：Ben Kook was educated in an art college.

句2：Ben Kook acts unusual at times.

句3：Ben Kook deals with economic matters at these times.

句1和句2之間的因果聯(lián)系構(gòu)成一個合句：

Because he was educated in an art college. Ben Kook acts unusual at times.

簡化連接詞主語和be動詞以后：

Educated in an art college, Ben Kook acts unusual at times.

簡化后的句子和句3聯(lián)系的點在于at these times，經(jīng)過這個交叉點我們使用when連接詞：

Educated in an art college, Ben Kook acts unusual (at times) when he deal with economic matters.

程前省卻了at times辨嗽，這時候簡化的時候就要將when保留：

Educated in an art college, Ben Kook acts unusual when dealing with economic matters.

例6：

句1：I'd like something.

句2：You will meet some people.

句3: Then you can leave.

句1中的something就是整個句2的內(nèi)容世落，連接在一起：

I'd like that you will meet some people.

簡化：

I'd like you to meet some people.

句3是表示時間的，加上以后：

I'd like you to meet some people before you can leave.

這個句子在進一步簡化形成：

I'd like you to meet some people before leaving.

例7：

句1：I have not practiced very much.

句2：I should have practiced very much.

句3：I am worried about something.

句4：I might forget something.

句5：What should I say during the speech contest?

句1和句2可以經(jīng)由比較級as……as連接：

I have not practiced as much as I should.?(have practiced)

這正是句3我擔心的原因：

Because I have not practiced as much as I should, I am worried about something.

簡化為：

Not having practiced as much as I should, I am worried about something.

這個句子中擔心的something正是句4中可能忘記的something糟需，由于上句的something放在介詞about后面必須先改寫成about the possibility屉佳，然后在加入that連接詞：

Not having practiced as much as I should, I am worried (about the possibility) that I might forget something.

簡化that從句：

Not having practiced as much as I should, I am worried about forgetting something.

現(xiàn)在這個句子所擔心的something，就是句5中的演講比賽該說些什么洲押，加入到上一句中替代something的位置：

Not having practiced as much as I should, I am worried about forgetting what I should say during the speech contest.

最后簡化what從句：

Not having practiced as much as I should, I am worried about forgetting what to say during the speech contest.

例8：

句1：A. Fries was the leader of the College football team then.

句2：A. Fries is the director of a football club now.

句3：A. Fries saw something.

句4：The college football team lost in the important game.

句5：A. Fries offered something.

句6：He would assume responsibility.

句7：He would tender his resignation.

要逐步完成這7個句子的組合和簡化是一個不小的挑戰(zhàn)武花，我們一步一步的來：

句1和句2對仗工整，分別說明Fries現(xiàn)在和以前的身份杈帐，我們使用對等連接詞連接：

（A）A. Fries was the leader of the College football team then and he is the director of a football now.

and右邊的he is可以省略体箕，因為說的是同一個人。

我們再來看看句3和句4的組合挑童，F(xiàn)ries看到一件事累铅，正是句4的全部內(nèi)容：

（B）A. Fries saw that the College football team lost in the important game.

這里的that引導(dǎo)的從句的主語不同于主句的主語，省略的時候我們使用所有格：

A. Fries saw the College football team's loss in the important game.

然后我們再來看看句5和句6的組合站叼，句5中Fries提出的something就是句6娃兽，他愿意承擔責(zé)任：

A. Fries offered that he would assume responsibility.

簡化后：

A. Fries offered to assume responsibility.

我們現(xiàn)在加入變形后的句A，將A.Fries提出來用作主語：

A. Fries , who was the leader of the College football team then and the director of a football club now, offered to assume responsibility.

這里的主語who和be動詞was可以簡化省略掉尽楔。上一句的Fries要負責(zé)投储，是由于句B的內(nèi)容，我們加入句B:

Because he saw the College football team's loss in the important game, A Fries, the leader of the College football team then and the director of a football club now, offered to assume responsibility.

簡化because從句為：

Seeing the College football team's loss in the important game, A Fries, the leader of the College football team then and the director of a football club now, offered to assume responsibility.

我們還有句7沒有加入進去阔馋，提出辭呈是assume的方式玛荞，最佳的介詞短語是使用by，不過由于by是介詞后面必須跟名詞呕寝，我們的動詞也要作一定的改變：

Seeing the College football team's loss in the important game, A Fries, the leader of the College football team then and the director of a football club now, offered to assume responsibility by tendering his resignation.

大功告成勋眯！