10.1 問題

應用程序需要向外發(fā)送短信。

10.2 解決方案

（API Level 4）
使用SMSManager發(fā)送文字或數(shù)據短信。SMSManager是一個系統(tǒng)服務吭净，用來處理短信發(fā)送并把操作的狀態(tài)反饋給應用程序瘾腰。SMSManager提供了SmsManager.sendTextMessage()和SmsManager.sendMultipartTextMessage()方法來發(fā)送文字短信姨裸，并且提供了SmsManager.sendDataMessage()方法來發(fā)送數(shù)據短信括尸。這些方法都含有有用于傳遞發(fā)送操作狀態(tài)和將消息傳回請求目標的PendingIntent參數(shù)巷蚪。

10.3 實現(xiàn)機制

下面看一個簡單的示例，其發(fā)送一條短信并監(jiān)控其狀態(tài)（參見以下代碼清單）濒翻。
發(fā)送短信的Activity

public class SmsActivity extends Activity {
    //想要監(jiān)聽的設備地址 (電話號碼、短代碼等)
    private static final String RECIPIENT_ADDRESS = "<ENTER YOUR NUMBER HERE>";

    /* Custom Action Strings for Result Delivery */
    private static final String ACTION_SENT =
            "com.examples.sms.SENT";
    private static final String ACTION_DELIVERED =
            "com.examples.sms.DELIVERED";

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        Button sendButton = new Button(this);
        sendButton.setText("Hail the Mothership");
        sendButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                sendSMS("Beam us up!");
            }
        });

        setContentView(sendButton);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        //監(jiān)控操作的狀態(tài)
        registerReceiver(sent, new IntentFilter(ACTION_SENT));
        registerReceiver(delivered, new IntentFilter(ACTION_DELIVERED));
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        //確保在位于后臺時接收器不會激活
        unregisterReceiver(sent);
        unregisterReceiver(delivered);
    }

    private void sendSMS(String message) {
        //Construct a PendingIntent to fire on SMS sent
        PendingIntent sIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(
            this, 0, new Intent(ACTION_SENT), 0);
        //Construct a PendingIntent to fire on SMS delivery confirmation
        PendingIntent dIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(
            this, 0, new Intent(ACTION_DELIVERED), 0);

         //發(fā)送短信
        SmsManager manager = SmsManager.getDefault();
        manager.sendTextMessage(RECIPIENT_ADDRESS, null, message,
                sIntent, dIntent);
    }

    /*
     * BroadcastReceiver that is registered to receive events when
     * an SMS message is sent; with the result code.
     */
    private BroadcastReceiver sent = new BroadcastReceiver(){
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            switch (getResultCode()) {
            case Activity.RESULT_OK:
                //發(fā)送成功
                break;
            case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_GENERIC_FAILURE:
            case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_NO_SERVICE:
            case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_NULL_PDU:
            case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_RADIO_OFF:
                //發(fā)送失敗
                break;
            }
        }
    };

    /*
     * BroadcastReceiver that is registered to receive events when
     * an SMS delivery confirmation is received; with the result code.
     */
    private BroadcastReceiver delivered = new BroadcastReceiver(){
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            switch (getResultCode()) {
            case Activity.RESULT_OK:
                //傳遞成功
                break;
            case Activity.RESULT_CANCELED:
                //傳遞失敗
                break;
            }
        }
    };
}

要點：
發(fā)送短信需要在清單中聲明android.permission.SEND_SMS權限啦膜。

在本例中有送，當用戶單擊按鈕時就會通過SMSManager發(fā)送一條短信。由于SMSManager是一項系統(tǒng)服務僧家，必須調用靜態(tài)方法SMSManager.getDefault()獲得它的一個引用雀摘。sendTextMessage()方法的參數(shù)為目標地址（號碼）、服務中心地址以及短信內容八拱。要想讓SMSManager使用系統(tǒng)默認的服務中心地址阵赠，這個參數(shù)就應該設為null涯塔。
這里注冊了兩個BroadcastReceiver，用來接收要發(fā)出的回調Intent：一個發(fā)送操作的狀態(tài)清蚀，另一個是傳遞的狀態(tài)匕荸。這些接收器只有在操作處于待發(fā)送狀態(tài)時才會被注冊，在處理完Intent后就會立即取消注冊枷邪。