Punishment ?N.
一啊犬、釋義
1）A sanction--such as a fine, penalty, confinement, or loss of property, right, or privilege--assessed against a person who has violated the law.
2) Family law. A negative disciplinary action administered to a minor child by a parent.
刑罰 ?指國(guó)家懲罰犯罪的一種強(qiáng)制方法，它使犯罪人遭受一定痛苦和剝奪壁查，并對(duì)犯罪人及其犯罪行為予以否定性評(píng)價(jià)椒惨。
二、詞組精選
corporal punishment ? 身體罰
Physical punishment; punishment that is inflicted on the body (including imprisonment).
指施于肉體使之感受痛苦的刑罰或觸發(fā)方法潮罪，區(qū)別于財(cái)產(chǎn)刑或罰金康谆。
cruel and unusual punishment ?酷刑
Punishment that is torturous, degrading, inhuman, grossly disproportionate to the crime in question, or otherwise shocking to the moral sense of the community.
指過(guò)度的领斥、非人道的、殘酷野蠻的刑罰沃暗。在美國(guó)憲法中月洛，酷刑指國(guó)家中從未存在的或已經(jīng)廢除的刑罰種類，而不包括罰金刑或者監(jiān)禁刑孽锥。
cumulative punishment ? 累計(jì)刑罰
Punishment that increases in severity when a person is convicted of the same offense more than once.
對(duì)慣犯或再犯所判處的較重的刑罰嚼黔。它是對(duì)罪犯的多個(gè)罪行連續(xù)作出判決合并執(zhí)行，而非數(shù)罪并罰惜辑。
double punishment ? 重復(fù)懲罰
Two forms of punishment levied for the same wrongful act or for different offense that arise from one act.
對(duì)同一犯罪行為給予兩次或兩次以上的懲罰唬涧。這是違背禁止雙重追溯原則的。
excessive punishment ? 量刑畸重
Punishment that is not justified by the gravity of the offense or the defendant's criminal record.
指所判處之刑或罰金與被告人罪行的嚴(yán)重程度或有罪記錄不相稱盛撑。
infamous punishment ? ?恥辱犯
Punishment by imprisonment, usu. in a penitentiary.
適用于重罪犯碎节，而非輕罪犯。在200年前抵卫，恥辱刑包括死刑狮荔、絞刑、枷刑介粘、烙刑殖氏、鞭笞刑、服苦役及截耳姻采。殖民時(shí)期雅采，鞭笞刑和枷刑不被認(rèn)為是恥辱刑，但現(xiàn)代可能被認(rèn)為是恥辱刑慨亲。
nonjudicial punishment ? 非司法性懲罰
A procedure under which a commanding office levies punishment against a minor offender who is subject to the Uniform ?Code of Military Justice.
由《統(tǒng)一軍事審判法典》特別授權(quán)軍隊(duì)指揮官有權(quán)對(duì)其下屬的輕微違法行為直接處以懲罰总滩，而無(wú)需由軍事法庭予以審判。
reformative punishment ?改造性懲罰
Punishment intended to change the character of the offender.
指目的在于改造罪犯的一種懲罰方法巡雨。
(來(lái)源：Black's Law Dictionary，《元照英美法詞典》席函，《英漢法律用語(yǔ)詞典》）
