第一篇文章冲茸,直接進(jìn)入正題蚕键。
面向?qū)ο螅簩?duì)SpringMvc和Maven有一定了解的同學(xué)娃殖。
前置條件:IDEA+Tomcat+JDK+Maven,自行安裝西篓,建議tomcat9,JDK8.
1愈腾、新建maven工程,選擇模板
2岂津、填寫groupid和artifactid
3虱黄、設(shè)置本地Maven路徑、配置文件和本地庫(kù)吮成。
4橱乱、設(shè)置項(xiàng)目名稱和項(xiàng)目路徑
5、點(diǎn)擊finish粱甫,等待IDEA編譯泳叠,途中打開(kāi)自動(dòng)導(dǎo)入
6、完成后項(xiàng)目路徑結(jié)構(gòu)如下
7茶宵、編輯pom.xml文件危纫,添加jar包依賴,導(dǎo)入常規(guī)項(xiàng)目jar包乌庶,內(nèi)容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
? xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
? <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
? <groupId>online.chongwuzhi</groupId>
? <artifactId>maven_springmvc_test</artifactId>
? <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
? <packaging>war</packaging>
? <name>maven_springmvc_test Maven Webapp</name>
? <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
? <url>http://www.example.com</url>
? <properties>
? ? <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
? ? <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
? ? <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
? </properties>
? <dependencies>
? ? <dependency>
? ? ? <groupId>dom4j</groupId>
? ? ? <artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
? ? ? <version>1.6.1</version>
? ? </dependency>
? ? <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
? ? <dependency>
? ? ? <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
? ? ? <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
? ? ? <version>2.9.8</version>
? ? </dependency>
? ? <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.aspectj/aspectjweaver -->
? ? <dependency>
? ? ? <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
? ? ? <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
? ? ? <version>1.9.2</version>
? ? </dependency>
? ? <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.commons/commons-lang3 -->
? ? <dependency>
? ? ? <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
? ? ? <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
? ? ? <version>3.4</version>
? ? </dependency>
? ? <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-io/commons-io -->
? ? <dependency>
? ? ? <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
? ? ? <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
? ? ? <version>2.4</version>
? ? </dependency>
? ? <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-pool/commons-pool -->
? ? <dependency>
? ? ? <groupId>commons-pool</groupId>
? ? ? <artifactId>commons-pool</artifactId>
? ? ? <version>1.6</version>
? ? </dependency>
? ? <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.commons/commons-dbcp2 -->
? ? <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-dbcp/commons-dbcp -->
? ? <dependency>
? ? ? <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
? ? ? <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
? ? ? <version>1.4</version>
? ? </dependency>
? ? <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
? ? <dependency>
? ? ? <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
? ? ? <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
? ? ? <version>4.0.1</version>
? ? ? <scope>provided</scope>
? ? </dependency>
? ? <dependency>
? ? ? <groupId>junit</groupId>
? ? ? <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
? ? ? <version>4.11</version>
? ? ? <scope>test</scope>
? ? </dependency>
? ? <dependency>
? ? ? <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
? ? ? <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
? ? ? <version>1.7.21</version>
? ? </dependency>
? ? <dependency>
? ? ? <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
? ? ? <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
? ? ? <version>4.3.18.RELEASE</version>
? ? </dependency>
? ? <dependency>
? ? ? <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
? ? ? <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
? ? ? <version>4.3.18.RELEASE</version>
? ? </dependency>
? ? <dependency>
? ? ? <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
? ? ? <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
? ? ? <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
? ? </dependency>
? ? <dependency>
? ? ? <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
? ? ? <artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
? ? ? <version>4.4.11</version>
? ? </dependency>
? ? <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpclient -->
? ? <dependency>
? ? ? <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
? ? ? <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
? ? ? <version>4.5.6</version>
? ? </dependency>
? ? <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/net.sf.json-lib/json-lib -->
? ? <dependency>
? ? ? <groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
? ? ? <artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
? ? ? <version>2.4</version>
? ? ? <classifier>jdk15</classifier>
? ? </dependency>
? ? <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.aliyun.oss/aliyun-sdk-oss -->
? ? <dependency>
? ? ? <groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId>
? ? ? <artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId>
? ? ? <version>3.4.2</version>
? ? </dependency>
? ? <dependency>
? ? ? <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
? ? ? <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
? ? ? <version>3.4</version>
? ? </dependency>
? ? <dependency>
? ? ? <groupId>com.oracle</groupId>
? ? ? <artifactId>ojdbc14</artifactId>
? ? ? <version>11.2.0.1.0</version>
? ? </dependency>
? ? <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.jsonwebtoken/jjwt -->
? ? <dependency>
? ? ? <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
? ? ? <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
? ? ? <version>0.6.0</version>
? ? </dependency>
? ? <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-fileupload/commons-fileupload -->
? ? <dependency>
? ? ? <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
? ? ? <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
? ? ? <version>1.3.3</version>
? ? </dependency>
? ? <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.bouncycastle/bcprov-jdk15 -->
? ? <dependency>
? ? ? <groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
? ? ? <artifactId>bcprov-jdk15</artifactId>
? ? ? <version>1.46</version>
? ? </dependency>
? </dependencies>
? <build>
? ? <finalName>maven_springmvc_test</finalName>
? ? <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
? ? ? <plugins>
? ? ? ? <plugin>
? ? ? ? ? <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
? ? ? ? ? <version>3.1.0</version>
? ? ? ? </plugin>
? ? ? ? <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
? ? ? ? <plugin>
? ? ? ? ? <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
? ? ? ? ? <version>3.0.2</version>
? ? ? ? </plugin>
? ? ? ? <plugin>
? ? ? ? ? <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
? ? ? ? ? <version>3.8.0</version>
? ? ? ? </plugin>
? ? ? ? <plugin>
? ? ? ? ? <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
? ? ? ? ? <version>2.22.1</version>
? ? ? ? </plugin>
? ? ? ? <plugin>
? ? ? ? ? <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
? ? ? ? ? <version>3.2.2</version>
? ? ? ? </plugin>
? ? ? ? <plugin>
? ? ? ? ? <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
? ? ? ? ? <version>2.5.2</version>
? ? ? ? </plugin>
? ? ? ? <plugin>
? ? ? ? ? <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
? ? ? ? ? <version>2.8.2</version>
? ? ? ? </plugin>
? ? ? </plugins>
? ? </pluginManagement>
? ? <resources>
? ? ? <resource>
? ? ? ? <directory>src/main/java</directory>
? ? ? ? <includes>
? ? ? ? ? <include>**/*.*</include>
? ? ? ? </includes>
? ? ? ? <excludes>
? ? ? ? ? <exclude>**/*.java</exclude>
? ? ? ? </excludes>
? ? ? </resource>
? ? </resources>
? </build>
</project>
8种蝶、編輯完成后,IDEA自動(dòng)下載Jar包瞒大,如果本地庫(kù)或者中心庫(kù)已有Jar包則不需要下載蛤吓。下載完成后的Jar包依賴如下:
9、以上完成了Maven的支持和配置糠赦,繼續(xù)添加SpringMvc框架支持会傲,右鍵項(xiàng)目名稱,添加框架支持拙泽。
10淌山、如果列表中沒(méi)有Spring Mvc選項(xiàng),先刪除之前的框架
11顾瞻、添加完成后出現(xiàn)如下2個(gè)文件
12泼疑、完善SpringMvc目錄結(jié)構(gòu),在main文件夾下新建java和resources2個(gè)文件夾
13荷荤、調(diào)整剛才2個(gè)文件夾的屬性退渗,點(diǎn)擊工程結(jié)構(gòu)圖標(biāo)(按鍵為ctrl+alt+shift+s)
14蕴纳、在java文件中建立項(xiàng)目需要的包会油,如下:
15、以上完成了Spring的框架支持古毛,下邊配置SpringMvc文件翻翩,此步驟是本人根據(jù)自己的理解和學(xué)習(xí)所做的改動(dòng)都许,簡(jiǎn)化了xml文件的控制和冗余,如有其他個(gè)人理解嫂冻,可自己設(shè)置胶征。
? ? 3個(gè)文件全文如下:
? ? 1,SpringMVC.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task.xsd"> <task:annotation-driven /> <!-- 掃描包 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com"/> <!-- 針對(duì)返回的JSON做轉(zhuǎn)碼 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter" > <property name="messageConverters"> <list> <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter" /> <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter"> <property name="supportedMediaTypes"> <list> <value>text/plain;charset=utf-8</value> <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value> <value>text/json;charset=UTF-8</value> </list> </property> </bean> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 默認(rèn)的注解映射的支持 --> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- 支持文件上傳--> <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"> <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="2048" /> </bean> <!-- 指定spring讀取db.properties數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)配置 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" /> <bean id="datasource" destroy-method="close" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" /> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" /> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" /> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> <!-- 初始化連接大小 --> <property name="initialSize" value="${jdbc.initialSize}" /> <!-- 連接池最大數(shù)量 --> <property name="maxActive" value="${jdbc.maxActive}" /> <!-- 連接池最大空閑 --> <property name="maxIdle" value="${jdbc.maxIdle}" /> <!-- 連接池最小空閑 --> <property name="minIdle" value="${jdbc.minIdle}" /> <!-- 獲取連接最大等待時(shí)間 --> <property name="maxWait" value="${jdbc.maxWait}" /> <!-- 設(shè)置自動(dòng)回收超時(shí)連接 --> <property name="removeAbandoned" value="true" /> <!-- 自動(dòng)回收超時(shí)時(shí)間(以秒數(shù)為單位) --> <property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="${jdbc.abandTime}" /> <!-- 設(shè)置在自動(dòng)回收超時(shí)連接的時(shí)候打印連接的超時(shí)錯(cuò)誤 --> <property name="logAbandoned" value="true" /> </bean> <!-- 配置事務(wù)管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" p:dataSource-ref="datasource" /> <!-- 通過(guò)AOP配置提供事務(wù)增強(qiáng)桨仿,讓service包下所有Bean的所有方法擁有事務(wù) --> <aop:config proxy-target-class="true"> <aop:pointcut id="serviceMethod" expression=" execution(* com.service.*.*(..))" /> <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="serviceMethod" advice-ref="txAdvice" /> </aop:config> <tx:advice id="txAdvice"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="*" /> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!-- 注入JDBC --> <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> <property name="dataSource" ref="datasource"/> </bean></beans>
? ? 2睛低,db.properties(鏈接和)
jdbc.driverClassName=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
jdbc.url=jdbc\:oracle\:thin\:@ip\:1521\:orcl
jdbc.username=***
jdbc.password=***
jdbc.initialSize=20
jdbc.maxActive=100
jdbc.maxIdle=10
jdbc.minIdle=5
jdbc.maxWait=5000
jdbc.abandTime=2000
? ? 3,log4j.properties
log4j.rootLogger = DEBUG,systemOut,logDailyFile
log4j.logger.org.apache=DEBUG
#輸出到控制臺(tái)
log4j.appender.systemOut = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.systemOut.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.systemOut.layout.ConversionPattern = %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} [%t] [%c] [%p] - %m%n
log4j.appender.systemOut.Threshold = ERROR
log4j.appender.systemOut.ImmediateFlush = TRUE
log4j.appender.systemOut.Target = System.out
#按DatePattern輸出到文件
log4j.appender.logDailyFile = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.logDailyFile.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.logDailyFile.layout.ConversionPattern = %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} [%t] [%c] [%p] - %m%n
#指定日志消息的輸出最低層次
log4j.appender.logDailyFile.Threshold = DEBUG
#默認(rèn)值是true,所有的消息都會(huì)被立即輸出
log4j.appender.logDailyFile.ImmediateFlush = TRUE
#默認(rèn)值true,將消息追加到指定文件中,false指將消息覆蓋指定的文件內(nèi)容
log4j.appender.logDailyFile.Append = TRUE
log4j.appender.logDailyFile.File = ../logs/prg.log
log4j.appender.logDailyFile.DatePattern = '.'yyyy-MM-dd
log4j.appender.logDailyFile.Encoding = UTF-8
????修改web.xml服傍,全文如下:
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" version="4.0"> <servlet> <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:SpringMVC.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <filter> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- log4j --> <context-param> <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:log4j.properties</param-value> </context-param></web-app>
16钱雷、以上完成了SpringMvc的文件配置和Maven的框架支持,接下來(lái)實(shí)戰(zhàn)測(cè)試伴嗡,配置應(yīng)用服務(wù)器急波,以tomcat為例(自行安裝tomcat),點(diǎn)擊添加配置:
17从铲、以上完成了SpringMvhe Maven的基本配置瘪校,接下來(lái)測(cè)試基于前后端分離JSON交互的SpringMvc框架(SpringMvc知識(shí)自行學(xué)習(xí))。
先測(cè)試不傳參數(shù)的請(qǐng)求名段,方法內(nèi)容如下:
package com.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class TestController {
? ? @RequestMapping("/test01.do")
? ? @ResponseBody
? ? public Map<String,Object> test01(){
? ? ? ? Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
? ? ? ? map.put("code", "1");
? ? ? ? map.put("msg", "success");
? ? ? ? return map;
? ? }
}
接下來(lái)測(cè)試傳參數(shù)的請(qǐng)求,首先新建方法伸辟,內(nèi)容如下:
@RequestMapping("/test02.do")
@ResponseBody
public Map<String,Object> test02(@RequestBody JSONObject js){
? ? String name= js.getString("name");
? ? String age= js.getString("age");
? ? Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
? ? map.put("code", name);
? ? map.put("msg", age);
? ? return map;
}
繼續(xù)新建測(cè)試方法麻惶,如下
private static void main2()? {
??? HttpClient client = HttpClientBuilder.create().build()
;
HttpPost post = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/maven_springmvc_test_war_exploded/test/test02.do");
post.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8");
JSONObject request = new JSONObject();
request.put("name","testName測(cè)試名稱");
request.put("age","testName測(cè)試名稱");
??? try{
??????? StringEntity s =new StringEntity(request.toString(),"UTF-8");
s.setContentEncoding("utf-8");
s.setContentType("application/json");
post.setEntity(s);
HttpResponse res = client.execute(post);
? ??????if(res.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
??????????? HttpEntity entity = res.getEntity();
String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
System.out.println(result);
}
??? }
catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
重啟tomcat, 運(yùn)行測(cè)試方法main2