原文:blog.csdn.net/qq_52355487/article/details/123805713
一、導入elasticsearch依賴
在pom.xml里加入如下依賴
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
</dependency>
非常重要:檢查依賴版本是否與你當前所用的版本是否一致钧汹,如果不一致丈探,會連接失敗拔莱!
二类嗤、創(chuàng)建高級客戶端
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class ElasticSearchClientConfig {
@Bean
public RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient(){
RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(
RestClient.builder(
new HttpHost("服務(wù)器IP", 9200, "http")));
return client;
}
}
三、基本用法
1.創(chuàng)建辨宠、判斷存在、刪除索引
import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.delete.DeleteIndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.support.master.AcknowledgedResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RequestOptions;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.CreateIndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.CreateIndexResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.GetIndexRequest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import java.io.IOException;
@SpringBootTest
class ElasticsearchApplicationTests {
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient;
@Test
void testCreateIndex() throws IOException {
//1.創(chuàng)建索引請求
CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest("ljx666");
//2.客戶端執(zhí)行請求IndicesClient货裹,執(zhí)行create方法創(chuàng)建索引嗤形,請求后獲得響應
CreateIndexResponse response=
restHighLevelClient.indices().create(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
System.out.println(response);
}
@Test
void testExistIndex() throws IOException {
//1.查詢索引請求
GetIndexRequest request=new GetIndexRequest("ljx666");
//2.執(zhí)行exists方法判斷是否存在
boolean exists=restHighLevelClient.indices().exists(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
System.out.println(exists);
}
@Test
void testDeleteIndex() throws IOException {
//1.刪除索引請求
DeleteIndexRequest request=new DeleteIndexRequest("ljx666");
//執(zhí)行delete方法刪除指定索引
AcknowledgedResponse delete = restHighLevelClient.indices().delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
System.out.println(delete.isAcknowledged());
}
}
2.對文檔的CRUD
創(chuàng)建文檔:
注意:如果添加時不指定文檔ID,他就會隨機生成一個ID弧圆,ID唯一赋兵。
創(chuàng)建文檔時若該ID已存在笔咽,發(fā)送創(chuàng)建文檔請求后會更新文檔中的數(shù)據(jù)。
@Test
void testAddUser() throws IOException {
//1.創(chuàng)建對象
User user=new User("Go",21,new String[]{"內(nèi)卷","吃飯"});
//2.創(chuàng)建請求
IndexRequest request=new IndexRequest("ljx666");
//3.設(shè)置規(guī)則 PUT /ljx666/_doc/1
//設(shè)置文檔id=6霹期,設(shè)置超時=1s等叶组,不設(shè)置會使用默認的
//同時支持鏈式編程如 request.id("6").timeout("1s");
request.id("6");
request.timeout("1s");
//4.將數(shù)據(jù)放入請求,要將對象轉(zhuǎn)化為json格式
//XContentType.JSON历造,告訴它傳的數(shù)據(jù)是JSON類型
request.source(JSONValue.toJSONString(user), XContentType.JSON);
//5.客戶端發(fā)送請求甩十,獲取響應結(jié)果
IndexResponse indexResponse=restHighLevelClient.index(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
System.out.println(indexResponse.toString());
System.out.println(indexResponse.status());
}
獲取文檔中的數(shù)據(jù):
@Test
void testGetUser() throws IOException {
//1.創(chuàng)建請求,指定索引、文檔id
GetRequest request=new GetRequest("ljx666","1");
GetResponse getResponse=restHighLevelClient.get(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
System.out.println(getResponse);//獲取響應結(jié)果
//getResponse.getSource() 返回的是Map集合
System.out.println(getResponse.getSourceAsString());//獲取響應結(jié)果source中內(nèi)容吭产,轉(zhuǎn)化為字符串
}
更新文檔數(shù)據(jù):
注意:需要將User對象中的屬性全部指定值侣监,不然會被設(shè)置為空,如User只設(shè)置了名稱臣淤,那么只有名稱會被修改成功橄霉,其他會被修改為null。
@Test
void testUpdateUser() throws IOException {
//1.創(chuàng)建請求,指定索引邑蒋、文檔id
UpdateRequest request=new UpdateRequest("ljx666","6");
User user =new User("GoGo",21,new String[]{"內(nèi)卷","吃飯"});
//將創(chuàng)建的對象放入文檔中
request.doc(JSONValue.toJSONString(user),XContentType.JSON);
UpdateResponse updateResponse=restHighLevelClient.update(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
System.out.println(updateResponse.status());//更新成功返回OK
}
刪除文檔:
@Test
void testDeleteUser() throws IOException {
//創(chuàng)建刪除請求姓蜂,指定要刪除的索引與文檔ID
DeleteRequest request=new DeleteRequest("ljx666","6");
DeleteResponse updateResponse=restHighLevelClient.delete(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
System.out.println(updateResponse.status());//刪除成功返回OK,沒有找到返回NOT_FOUND
}
3.批量CRUD數(shù)據(jù)
這里只列出了批量插入數(shù)據(jù)医吊,其他與此類似
注意:hasFailures()方法是返回是否失敗钱慢,即它的值為false時說明上傳成功
@Test
void testBulkAddUser() throws IOException {
BulkRequest bulkRequest=new BulkRequest();
//設(shè)置超時
bulkRequest.timeout("10s");
ArrayList<User> list=new ArrayList<>();
list.add(new User("Java",25,new String[]{"內(nèi)卷"}));
list.add(new User("Go",18,new String[]{"內(nèi)卷"}));
list.add(new User("C",30,new String[]{"內(nèi)卷"}));
list.add(new User("C++",26,new String[]{"內(nèi)卷"}));
list.add(new User("Python",20,new String[]{"內(nèi)卷"}));
int id=1;
//批量處理請求
for (User u :list){
//不設(shè)置id會生成隨機id
bulkRequest.add(new IndexRequest("ljx666")
.id(""+(id++))
.source(JSONValue.toJSONString(u),XContentType.JSON));
}
BulkResponse bulkResponse=restHighLevelClient.bulk(bulkRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
System.out.println(bulkResponse.hasFailures());//是否執(zhí)行失敗,false為執(zhí)行成功
}
4.查詢所有、模糊查詢遮咖、分頁查詢滩字、排序、高亮顯示
@Test
void testSearch() throws IOException {
SearchRequest searchRequest=new SearchRequest("ljx666");//里面可以放多個索引
SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder=new SearchSourceBuilder();//構(gòu)造搜索條件
//此處可以使用QueryBuilders工具類中的方法
//1.查詢所有
sourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
//2.查詢name中含有Java的
sourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.multiMatchQuery("java","name"));
//3.分頁查詢
sourceBuilder.from(0).size(5);
//4.按照score正序排列
//sourceBuilder.sort(SortBuilders.scoreSort().order(SortOrder.ASC));
//5.按照id倒序排列(score會失效返回NaN)
//sourceBuilder.sort(SortBuilders.fieldSort("_id").order(SortOrder.DESC));
//6.給指定字段加上指定高亮樣式
HighlightBuilder highlightBuilder=new HighlightBuilder();
highlightBuilder.field("name").preTags("<span style='color:red;'>").postTags("</span>");
sourceBuilder.highlighter(highlightBuilder);
searchRequest.source(sourceBuilder);
SearchResponse searchResponse=restHighLevelClient.search(searchRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
//獲取總條數(shù)
System.out.println(searchResponse.getHits().getTotalHits().value);
//輸出結(jié)果數(shù)據(jù)(如果不設(shè)置返回條數(shù)御吞,大于10條默認只返回10條)
SearchHit[] hits=searchResponse.getHits().getHits();
for(SearchHit hit :hits){
System.out.println("分數(shù):"+hit.getScore());
Map<String,Object> source=hit.getSourceAsMap();
System.out.println("index->"+hit.getIndex());
System.out.println("id->"+hit.getId());
for(Map.Entry<String,Object> s:source.entrySet()){
System.out.println(s.getKey()+"--"+s.getValue());
}
}
}
四麦箍、總結(jié)
1.大致流程
創(chuàng)建對應的請求 --> 設(shè)置請求(添加規(guī)則,添加數(shù)據(jù)等) --> 執(zhí)行對應的方法(傳入請求陶珠,默認請求選項)–> 接收響應結(jié)果(執(zhí)行方法返回值)–> 輸出響應結(jié)果中需要的數(shù)據(jù)(source挟裂,status等)
2.注意事項
- 如果不指定id,會自動生成一個隨機id
- 正常情況下揍诽,不應該這樣使用
new IndexRequest(“l(fā)jx777”)
诀蓉,如果索引發(fā)生改變了,那么代碼都需要修改暑脆,可以定義一個枚舉類或者一個專門存放常量的類渠啤,將變量用final static
等進行修飾,并指定索引值添吗。其他地方引用該常量即可沥曹,需要修改也只需修改該類即可。 - elasticsearch相關(guān)的東西,版本都必須一致妓美,不然會報錯
- elasticsearch很消耗內(nèi)存僵腺,建議在內(nèi)存較大的服務(wù)器上運行elasticsearch,否則會因為內(nèi)存不足導致elasticsearch自動killed
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