IOS基礎(chǔ)：Objective-C 字符串處理

//一丢烘、NSString

/*----------------創(chuàng)建字符串的方法----------------*/

//1、創(chuàng)建常量字符串国瓮。

NSString *astring = @"This is a String!";

//2灭必、創(chuàng)建空字符串，給予賦值乃摹。

NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] init];

astring = @"This is a String!";

[astring release];

NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);

//3禁漓、在以上方法中，提升速度:initWithString方法

NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a String!"];

NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);

[astring release];

//4孵睬、用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)c創(chuàng)建字符串:initWithCString方法

char *Cstring = "This is a String!";

NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithCString:Cstring];

NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);

[astring release];

//5璃饱、創(chuàng)建格式化字符串:占位符（由一個(gè)%加一個(gè)字符組成）

int i = 1;

int j = 2;

NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d.This is %i string!",i,j]];

NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);

[astring release];

//6、創(chuàng)建臨時(shí)字符串

NSString *astring;

astring = [NSString stringWithCString:"This is a temporary string"];

NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);

/*----------------從文件讀取字符串:initWithContentsOfFile方法----------------*/

NSString *path = @"astring.text";

NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:path];

NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);

[astring release];

/*----------------寫(xiě)字符串到文件:writeToFile方法----------------*/

NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a String!"];

NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);

NSString *path = @"astring.text";

[astring writeToFile: path atomically: YES];

[astring release];

/*----------------比較兩個(gè)字符串----------------*/

//用C比較:strcmp函數(shù)

char string1[] = "string!";

char string2[] = "string!";

if(strcmp(string1, string2) = = 0)

{

NSLog(@"1");

}

//isEqualToString方法

NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!";

NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";

BOOL result = [astring01 isEqualToString:astring02];

NSLog(@"result:%d",result);

//compare方法(comparer返回的三種值)

NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!";

NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";

BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedSame;

NSLog(@"result:%d",result);

//NSOrderedSame判斷兩者內(nèi)容是否相同

NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!";

NSString *astring02 = @"this is a String!";

BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedAscending;

NSLog(@"result:%d",result);

//NSOrderedAscending判斷兩對(duì)象值的大小(按字母順序進(jìn)行比較肪康，astring02大于astring01為真)

NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!";

NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";

BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedDescending;

NSLog(@"result:%d",result);

//NSOrderedDescending判斷兩對(duì)象值的大小(按字母順序進(jìn)行比較荚恶，astring02小于astring01為真)

//不考慮大小寫(xiě)比較字符串1

NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!";

NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";

BOOL result = [astring01 caseInsensitiveCompare:astring02] = = NSOrderedSame;

NSLog(@"result:%d",result);

//NSOrderedDescending判斷兩對(duì)象值的大小(按字母順序進(jìn)行比較，astring02小于astring01為真)

//不考慮大小寫(xiě)比較字符串2

NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!";

NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";

BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02

options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch | NSNumericSearch] = = NSOrderedSame;

NSLog(@"result:%d",result);

//NSCaseInsensitiveSearch:不區(qū)分大小寫(xiě)比較 NSLiteralSearch:進(jìn)行完全比較磷支，區(qū)分大小寫(xiě) NSNumericSearch:比較字符串的字符個(gè)數(shù)谒撼，而不是字符值。

/*----------------改變字符串的大小寫(xiě)----------------*/

NSString *string1 = @"A String";

NSString *string2 = @"String";

NSLog(@"string1:%@",[string1 uppercaseString]);//大寫(xiě)

NSLog(@"string2:%@",[string2 lowercaseString]);//小寫(xiě)

NSLog(@"string2:%@",[string2 capitalizedString]);//首字母大小

/*---------------在串中搜索子串----------------*/

NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";

NSString *string2 = @"string";

NSRange range = [string1 rangeOfString:string2];

int location = range.location;

int leight = range.length;

NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Location:%i,Leight:%i",location,leight]];

NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);

[astring release];

/*----------------抽取子串 ----------------*/

//-substringToIndex: 從字符串的開(kāi)頭一直截取到指定的位置雾狈，但不包括該位置的字符

NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";

NSString *string2 = [string1 substringToIndex:3];

NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);

//-substringFromIndex: 以指定位置開(kāi)始（包括指定位置的字符）廓潜，并包括之后的全部字符

NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";

NSString *string2 = [string1 substringFromIndex:3];

NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);

//-substringWithRange: //按照所給出的位置，長(zhǎng)度善榛，任意地從字符串中截取子串

NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";

NSString *string2 = [string1 substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4)];

NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);

//擴(kuò)展路徑

NSString *Path = @"~/NSData.txt";

NSString *absolutePath = [Path stringByExpandingTildeInPath];

NSLog(@"absolutePath:%@",absolutePath);

NSLog(@"Path:%@",[absolutePath stringByAbbreviatingWithTildeInPath]);

//文件擴(kuò)展名

NSString *Path = @"~/NSData.txt";

NSLog(@"Extension:%@",[Path pathExtension]);

/*******************************************************************************************

NSMutableString

*******************************************************************************************/

/*---------------給字符串分配容量----------------*/

//stringWithCapacity:

NSMutableString *String;

String = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:40];

/*---------------在已有字符串后面添加字符----------------*/

//appendString: and appendFormat: