join字面上是加入的意思,我們先看看join方法的解釋和實(shí)現(xiàn)庶喜。
/**
* Waits for this thread to die.
* 調(diào)用方線程(調(diào)用join方法的線程)執(zhí)行等待操作,直到被調(diào)用的線程(join方法所屬的線程)結(jié)束,再被喚醒
* <p> An invocation of this method behaves in exactly the same
* way as the invocation
*
*
* @throws InterruptedException
* if any thread has interrupted the current thread. The
* <i>interrupted status</i> of the current thread is
* cleared when this exception is thrown.
*/
public final void join() throws InterruptedException {
join(0);
}
這里join是調(diào)用的
/**
* Waits at most {@code millis} milliseconds for this thread to
* die. A timeout of {@code 0} means to wait forever.
* 等待線程執(zhí)行結(jié)束索赏,或者指定的最大等待時(shí)間到了,調(diào)用方線程再次被喚醒贴彼,如果最大等待時(shí)間為0潜腻,則只能等線程執(zhí)行結(jié)束,才能被喚醒器仗。
* <p> This implementation uses a loop of {@code this.wait} calls
* conditioned on {@code this.isAlive}. As a thread terminates the
* {@code this.notifyAll} method is invoked. It is recommended that
* applications not use {@code wait}, {@code notify}, or
* {@code notifyAll} on {@code Thread} instances.
*
*
*/
public final synchronized void join(long millis)
throws InterruptedException {
long base = System.currentTimeMillis();
long now = 0;
if (millis < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("timeout value is negative");
}
if (millis == 0) {
while (isAlive()) {
wait(0);
}
} else {
while (isAlive()) {
long delay = millis - now;
if (delay <= 0) {
break;
}
wait(delay);
now = System.currentTimeMillis() - base;
}
}
}
可以看到融涣,join方法本身是通過(guò)wait方法來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)等待的童番,這里判斷如果線程還在運(yùn)行中的話,則繼續(xù)等待威鹿,如果指定時(shí)間到了剃斧,或者線程運(yùn)行完成了,則代碼繼續(xù)向下執(zhí)行忽你,調(diào)用線程就可以執(zhí)行后面的邏輯了幼东。
但是在這里沒(méi)有看到哪里調(diào)用notify或者notifyAll方法,如果沒(méi)有調(diào)用的話檀夹,那調(diào)用方線程會(huì)一直等待下去筋粗,那是哪里調(diào)用了喚醒它的方法呢?通過(guò)查證得知炸渡,原來(lái)在線程結(jié)束時(shí)娜亿,java虛擬機(jī)會(huì)執(zhí)行該線程的本地exit方法,
//線程退出函數(shù):
void JavaThread::exit(bool destroy_vm, ExitType exit_type) {
...
//這里會(huì)處理join相關(guān)的銷毀邏輯
ensure_join(this);
...
}
//處理join相關(guān)的銷毀邏輯
static void ensure_join(JavaThread* thread) {
Handle threadObj(thread, thread->threadObj());
ObjectLocker lock(threadObj, thread);
thread->clear_pending_exception();
java_lang_Thread::set_thread_status(threadObj(), java_lang_Thread::TERMINATED);
java_lang_Thread::set_thread(threadObj(), NULL);
//這里就調(diào)用notifyAll方法蚌堵,喚醒等待的線程
lock.notify_all(thread);
thread->clear_pending_exception();
}
這樣線程什么時(shí)候被喚醒就明白了买决。下面寫個(gè)例子看下效果。
public class JoinTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ThreadBoy boy = new ThreadBoy();
boy.start();
}
static class ThreadBoy extends Thread{
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("男孩和女孩準(zhǔn)備出去逛街");
ThreadGirl girl = new ThreadGirl();
girl.start();
try {
girl.join();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("男孩和女孩開始去逛街了");
}
}
static class ThreadGirl extends Thread{
@Override
public void run() {
int time = 5000;
System.out.println("女孩開始化妝,男孩在等待吼畏。督赤。。");
try {
Thread.sleep(time);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("女孩化妝完成泻蚊!躲舌,耗時(shí)" + time);
}
}
}
執(zhí)行結(jié)果為:
男孩和女孩準(zhǔn)備出去逛街
女孩開始化妝,男孩在等待。性雄。没卸。
女孩化妝完成!秒旋,耗時(shí)5000
男孩和女孩開始去逛街了
就是男孩和女孩準(zhǔn)備去逛街约计,女孩要化妝先,等女孩化妝完成了迁筛,再一起去逛街煤蚌。
那join(time)的用法是怎么樣的呢?
public class JoinTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ThreadBoy boy = new ThreadBoy();
boy.start();
}
static class ThreadBoy extends Thread{
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("男孩和女孩準(zhǔn)備出去逛街");
ThreadGirl girl = new ThreadGirl();
girl.start();
int time = 2000;
try {
girl.join(time);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("男孩等了" + time + ", 不想再等了细卧,去逛街了");
}
}
static class ThreadGirl extends Thread{
@Override
public void run() {
int time = 5000;
System.out.println("女孩開始化妝,男孩在等待尉桩。。贪庙。");
try {
Thread.sleep(time);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("女孩化妝完成蜘犁!,耗時(shí)" + time);
}
}
}
這里僅僅把join方法換成了join(time)方法插勤,描述改了點(diǎn)沽瘦,打印的結(jié)果是:
男孩和女孩準(zhǔn)備出去逛街
女孩開始化妝,男孩在等待革骨。。析恋。
男孩等了2000, 不想再等了良哲,去逛街了
女孩化妝完成!助隧,耗時(shí)5000
男孩等了join(time)中的time時(shí)間筑凫,如果這個(gè)time時(shí)間到達(dá)之后,女孩所在的線程還沒(méi)執(zhí)行完并村,則不等待了巍实,繼續(xù)執(zhí)行后面的邏輯,就是不等女孩了哩牍,自己去逛街棚潦。
由此看出,join方法是為了比較方便的實(shí)現(xiàn)兩個(gè)線程的同步執(zhí)行膝昆,線程1執(zhí)行丸边,碰到線程2后,等待線程2執(zhí)行后荚孵,再繼續(xù)執(zhí)行線程1的執(zhí)行妹窖,加入的意思現(xiàn)在就比較形象化了。