PHP Nginx 安裝都沒(méi)什么大問(wèn)題 Mysql安裝是遇到問(wèn)題最多的 總結(jié)一下
- 下載軟件包
# 下載 mysql-5.7.20
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.20.tar.gz
# 解壓
tar xzf mysql-5.7.20.tar.gz
# 移動(dòng) ( 移動(dòng)到你要安裝的位置 )
mv /root/mysql-5.7.20 /usr/local/mysql
# MySQL從5.7開(kāi)始必須安裝boost庫(kù)才行
# 如果未安裝cmake時(shí)可能會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)誤
# CMake Error at cmake/boost.cmake:81 (MESSAGE)
# 下載 boost_1_59_0
wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
# 解壓
tar xzf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
# 將解壓后的包拷貝到mysql安裝目錄下的boost目錄下 ( 自行創(chuàng)建boost )
cp -R boost_1_59_0 /usr/local/mysql/boost/
- 處理依賴關(guān)系
yum install cmake cmake-gui gcc-c++ ncurses-devel
// 添加mysql用戶
useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
// 創(chuàng)建mysql數(shù)據(jù)存放目錄
mkdir -p /data/mysql
// 給予目錄權(quán)限
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
- cmake構(gòu)建mysql
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql/ -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/ -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc/ -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/mysql/boost/
# 安裝目錄
CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX
# 數(shù)據(jù)目錄
MYSQL_DATADIR
# 配置文件目錄
SYSCONFDIR
# 指定boost庫(kù)的位置
WITH_BOOST
# cmake時(shí)遇到的錯(cuò)誤
錯(cuò)誤1:
CMake Error: your C compiler: "CMAKE_C_COMPILER-NOTFOUND" was not found. Please set CMAKE_C_COMPILER to a valid compiler path or name.
解決：
// 安裝gcc
yum install gcc-c++
錯(cuò)誤2:
CMake Error at cmake/readline.cmake:64 (MESSAGE):
Curses library not found. Please install appropriate package,
remove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.On Debian/Ubuntu, package name is libncurses5-dev, on Redhat and derivates it is ncurses-devel
解決:
yum install ncurses-devel
解除錯(cuò)誤后刪除 CMakeCache.txt 在重新cmake
- 編譯并安裝
make
make install
# mysql 編譯時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)建議make和make install分開(kāi)執(zhí)行
# mysql 編譯非常消耗內(nèi)存 如果內(nèi)存較小可能無(wú)法編譯通過(guò)
# 之前1G內(nèi)存的阿里云編譯到30%左右就掛了 換4G內(nèi)存機(jī)器才編譯通過(guò)
# 目測(cè)編譯MySQL5.7.20至少要2G的內(nèi)存 ( 未測(cè)試 )
- 安裝完成后 初始化MySQL
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
# 生成MySQL臨時(shí)密碼
--initialize
# 指定運(yùn)行MySQL的用戶
--user=mysql
# 指定MySQL的安裝目錄
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql
# 指定MySQL的數(shù)據(jù)目錄
--datadir=/data/mysql
# 初始化成功
A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 5-h1Bbf*EQwk
臨時(shí)密碼: 5-h1Bbf*EQwk
- 啟動(dòng)MySQL
# MySQL默認(rèn)啟動(dòng)命令在
/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server
# 拷貝一個(gè)出來(lái)
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /usr/local/mysql/mysqld
# 啟動(dòng)MySQL
/usr/local/mysql/mysqld start
# 啟動(dòng)報(bào)錯(cuò)
錯(cuò)誤1:
MySQL.2017-11-09T09:27:48.949025Z mysqld_safe error: log-error set to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log', however file don't exists. Create writable for user 'mysql'.
解決:
猜測(cè)可能是日志文件沒(méi)有權(quán)限
直接去修改MySQL配置文件 /etc/my.cnf
修改 log-error 位置 并給予日志文件權(quán)限
在 mysql 目錄下創(chuàng)建了 log 存在錯(cuò)誤日志
mkdir log
chown mysql:mysql log
錯(cuò)誤2:
Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)
解決:
首先查看 /var/lib/mysql/ 下是否有 mysql.sock
然后建立軟連接到 /tmp/ 下
ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
mysql.sock 的位置在my.cnf中也有配置
再次啟動(dòng)
/usr/local/mysql/mysqld start
啟動(dòng)成功
- 連接MySQL
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -h localhost -uroot -p
# 密碼是初始化的 : 5-h1Bbf*EQwk
# 登陸成功
執(zhí)行 show databases; 直接報(bào)錯(cuò)了 提示必須修改初始密碼
# 修改密碼
set password for root@localhost = password('MaShen');
# 刷新權(quán)限
flush privileges;
# 再次執(zhí)行
show databases;
成功
- MySQL加入到systemctl中管理
# mysql.service
[Unit]
Description=mysql
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/mysql/pid/mysql.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld start
ExecStop=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld stop
ExecRestart=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld restart
ExecStatus=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld status
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
重載systemctl配置
systemctl daemon-reload
總結(jié)
- MySQL5.7 必須安裝boost庫(kù) 這里折騰好久
- 初始化和5.7版本之前不同了
- 編譯時(shí)如果內(nèi)存較小可能無(wú)法編譯完成
- 安裝后啟動(dòng)MySQL時(shí)報(bào)的錯(cuò)誤多數(shù)為權(quán)限問(wèn)題
- 如果不修改初始密碼無(wú)法操作MySQL
