JAVA解析Excel工具easyexcel
Java解析哩治、生成Excel比較有名的框架有Apache poi辩越、jxl蕾域。但他們都存在一個嚴(yán)重的問題就是非常的耗內(nèi)存脓杉，poi有一套SAX模式的API可以一定程度的解決一些內(nèi)存溢出的問題糟秘，但POI還是有一些缺陷，比如07版Excel解壓縮以及解壓后存儲都是在內(nèi)存中完成的球散，內(nèi)存消耗依然很大尿赚。easyexcel重寫了poi對07版Excel的解析，能夠原本一個3M的excel用POI sax依然需要100M左右內(nèi)存降低到KB級別蕉堰，并且再大的excel不會出現(xiàn)內(nèi)存溢出凌净，03版依賴POI的sax模式。在上層做了模型轉(zhuǎn)換的封裝嘁灯，讓使用者更加簡單方便
快速開始
讀Excel
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>easyexcel</artifactId>
<version>{latestVersion}</version>
</dependency>
讀07版小于1000行數(shù)據(jù)返回List<List<String>>
List<Object> data = EasyExcelFactory.read(inputStream, new Sheet(1, 0));
讀07版小于1000行數(shù)據(jù)返回List<? extend BaseRowModel>
List<Object> data = EasyExcelFactory.read(inputStream, new Sheet(2, 1,JavaModel.class));
讀07版大于1000行數(shù)據(jù)返回List<List<String>>
ExcelListener excelListener = new ExcelListener();
EasyExcelFactory.readBySax(inputStream, new Sheet(1, 1), excelListener);
讀07版大于1000行數(shù)據(jù)返回List<? extend BaseRowModel>
ExcelListener excelListener = new ExcelListener();
EasyExcelFactory.readBySax(inputStream, new Sheet(2, 1,JavaModel.class), excelListener);
讀03版方法同上
寫Excel
沒有模板
ExcelWriter writer = EasyExcelFactory.getWriter(out);
//寫第一個sheet, sheet1 數(shù)據(jù)全是List<String> 無模型映射關(guān)系
Sheet sheet1 = new Sheet(1, 3);
sheet1.setSheetName("第一個sheet");
//設(shè)置列寬 設(shè)置每列的寬度
Map columnWidth = new HashMap();
columnWidth.put(0,10000);columnWidth.put(1,40000);columnWidth.put(2,10000);columnWidth.put(3,10000);
sheet1.setColumnWidthMap(columnWidth);
sheet1.setHead(createTestListStringHead());
//or 設(shè)置自適應(yīng)寬度
//sheet1.setAutoWidth(Boolean.TRUE);
writer.write1(createTestListObject(), sheet1);
//寫第二個sheet sheet2 模型上打有表頭的注解泻蚊，合并單元格
Sheet sheet2 = new Sheet(2, 3, JavaModel1.class, "第二個sheet", null);
sheet2.setTableStyle(createTableStyle());
writer.write(createTestListJavaMode(), sheet2);
//寫第三個sheet包含多個table情況
Sheet sheet3 = new Sheet(3, 0);
sheet3.setSheetName("第三個sheet");
Table table1 = new Table(1);
table1.setHead(createTestListStringHead());
writer.write1(createTestListObject(), sheet3, table1);
//寫sheet2 模型上打有表頭的注解
Table table2 = new Table(2);
table2.setTableStyle(createTableStyle());
table2.setClazz(JavaModel1.class);
writer.write(createTestListJavaMode(), sheet3, table2);
//關(guān)閉資源
writer.finish();
out.close();
有模板
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("/Users/jipengfei/2007.xlsx");
ExcelWriter writer = EasyExcelFactory.getWriterWithTemp(inputStream,out,ExcelTypeEnum.XLSX,true);
//寫第一個sheet, sheet1 數(shù)據(jù)全是List<String> 無模型映射關(guān)系
Sheet sheet1 = new Sheet(1, 3);
sheet1.setSheetName("第一個sheet");
//設(shè)置列寬 設(shè)置每列的寬度
Map columnWidth = new HashMap();
columnWidth.put(0,10000);columnWidth.put(1,40000);columnWidth.put(2,10000);columnWidth.put(3,10000);
sheet1.setColumnWidthMap(columnWidth);
sheet1.setHead(createTestListStringHead());
//or 設(shè)置自適應(yīng)寬度
//sheet1.setAutoWidth(Boolean.TRUE);
writer.write1(createTestListObject(), sheet1);
//寫第二個sheet sheet2 模型上打有表頭的注解，合并單元格
Sheet sheet2 = new Sheet(2, 3, JavaModel1.class, "第二個sheet", null);
sheet2.setTableStyle(createTableStyle());
writer.write(createTestListJavaMode(), sheet2);
//寫第三個sheet包含多個table情況
Sheet sheet3 = new Sheet(3, 0);
sheet3.setSheetName("第三個sheet");
Table table1 = new Table(1);
table1.setHead(createTestListStringHead());
writer.write1(createTestListObject(), sheet3, table1);
//寫sheet2 模型上打有表頭的注解
Table table2 = new Table(2);
table2.setTableStyle(createTableStyle());
table2.setClazz(JavaModel1.class);
writer.write(createTestListJavaMode(), sheet3, table2);
//關(guān)閉資源
writer.finish();
out.close();
web下載實例寫法
public class Down {
@GetMapping("/a.htm")
public void cooperation(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
ExcelWriter writer = new ExcelWriter(out, ExcelTypeEnum.XLSX, true);
String fileName = new String(("UserInfo " + new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").format(new Date()))
.getBytes(), "UTF-8");
Sheet sheet1 = new Sheet(1, 0);
sheet1.setSheetName("第一個sheet");
writer.write0(getListString(), sheet1);
writer.finish();
response.setContentType("multipart/form-data");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename="+fileName+".xlsx");
out.flush();
}
}
}
easyexcel核心功能
*讀任意大小的03丑婿、07版Excel不會OO]<br />
*讀Excel自動通過注解性雄，把結(jié)果映射為java模型<br />
*讀Excel支持多sheet<br />
*讀Excel時候是否對Excel內(nèi)容做trim()增加容錯<br />
*寫小量數(shù)據(jù)的03版Excel（不要超過2000行）<br />
*寫任意大07版Excel不會OOM<br />
*寫Excel通過注解將表頭自動寫入Excel<br />
*寫Excel可以自定義Excel樣式 如：字體，加粗羹奉，表頭顏色秒旋，數(shù)據(jù)內(nèi)容顏色<br />
*寫Excel到多個不同sheet<br />
*寫Excel時一個sheet可以寫多個Table<br />
*寫Excel時候自定義是否需要寫表頭<br />
二方包依賴
使用前最好咨詢下最新版，或者到mvn倉庫搜索先easyexcel的最新版
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>easyexcel</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0-RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
讀Excel
使用easyexcel解析03诀拭、07版本的Excel只是ExcelTypeEnum不同迁筛，其他使用完全相同，使用者無需知道底層解析的差異耕挨。
無java模型直接把excel解析的每行結(jié)果以List<String>返回 在ExcelListener獲取解析結(jié)果
讀excel代碼示例如下：
@Test
public void testExcel2003NoModel() {
InputStream inputStream = getInputStream("loan1.xls");
try {
// 解析每行結(jié)果在listener中處理
ExcelListener listener = new ExcelListener();
ExcelReader excelReader = new ExcelReader(inputStream, ExcelTypeEnum.XLS, null, listener);
excelReader.read();
} catch (Exception e) {
} finally {
try {
inputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
ExcelListener示例代碼如下：
/* 解析監(jiān)聽器细卧，
* 每解析一行會回調(diào)invoke()方法尉桩。
* 整個excel解析結(jié)束會執(zhí)行doAfterAllAnalysed()方法
*
* 下面只是我寫的一個樣例而已，可以根據(jù)自己的邏輯修改該類贪庙。
* @author jipengfei
* @date 2017/03/14
*/
public class ExcelListener extends AnalysisEventListener {
//自定義用于暫時存儲data蜘犁。
//可以通過實例獲取該值
private List<Object> datas = new ArrayList<Object>();
public void invoke(Object object, AnalysisContext context) {
System.out.println("當(dāng)前行："+context.getCurrentRowNum());
System.out.println(object);
datas.add(object);//數(shù)據(jù)存儲到list，供批量處理止邮，或后續(xù)自己業(yè)務(wù)邏輯處理这橙。
doSomething(object);//根據(jù)自己業(yè)務(wù)做處理
}
private void doSomething(Object object) {
//1、入庫調(diào)用接口
}
public void doAfterAllAnalysed(AnalysisContext context) {
// datas.clear();//解析結(jié)束銷毀不用的資源
}
public List<Object> getDatas() {
return datas;
}
public void setDatas(List<Object> datas) {
this.datas = datas;
}
}
有java模型映射
java模型寫法如下：
public class LoanInfo extends BaseRowModel {
@ExcelProperty(index = 0)
private String bankLoanId;
@ExcelProperty(index = 1)
private Long customerId;
@ExcelProperty(index = 2,format = "yyyy/MM/dd")
private Date loanDate;
@ExcelProperty(index = 3)
private BigDecimal quota;
@ExcelProperty(index = 4)
private String bankInterestRate;
@ExcelProperty(index = 5)
private Integer loanTerm;
@ExcelProperty(index = 6,format = "yyyy/MM/dd")
private Date loanEndDate;
@ExcelProperty(index = 7)
private BigDecimal interestPerMonth;
@ExcelProperty(value = {"一級表頭","二級表頭"})
private BigDecimal sax;
}
@ExcelProperty(index = 3)數(shù)字代表該字段與excel對應(yīng)列號做映射导披，也可以采用 @ExcelProperty(value = {"一級表頭","二級表頭"})用于解決不確切知道excel第幾列和該字段映射屈扎，位置不固定，但表頭的內(nèi)容知道的情況撩匕。
@Test
public void testExcel2003WithReflectModel() {
InputStream inputStream = getInputStream("loan1.xls");
try {
// 解析每行結(jié)果在listener中處理
AnalysisEventListener listener = new ExcelListener();
ExcelReader excelReader = new ExcelReader(inputStream, ExcelTypeEnum.XLS, null, listener);
excelReader.read(new Sheet(1, 2, LoanInfo.class));
} catch (Exception e) {
} finally {
try {
inputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
帶模型解析與不帶模型解析主要在構(gòu)造new Sheet(1, 2, LoanInfo.class)時候包含class鹰晨。Class需要繼承BaseRowModel暫時BaseRowModel沒有任何內(nèi)容，后面升級可能會增加一些默認(rèn)的數(shù)據(jù)滑沧。
寫Excel
每行數(shù)據(jù)是List<String>無表頭
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("/Users/jipengfei/77.xlsx");
try {
ExcelWriter writer = new ExcelWriter(out, ExcelTypeEnum.XLSX,false);
//寫第一個sheet, sheet1 數(shù)據(jù)全是List<String> 無模型映射關(guān)系
Sheet sheet1 = new Sheet(1, 0);
sheet1.setSheetName("第一個sheet");
writer.write(getListString(), sheet1);
writer.finish();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
out.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
每行數(shù)據(jù)是一個java模型有表頭----表頭層級為一
生成Excel格式如下圖
屏幕快照 2017-06-02 上午9.49.39.png
模型寫法如下：
public class ExcelPropertyIndexModel extends BaseRowModel {
@ExcelProperty(value = "姓名" ,index = 0)
private String name;
@ExcelProperty(value = "年齡",index = 1)
private String age;
@ExcelProperty(value = "郵箱",index = 2)
private String email;
@ExcelProperty(value = "地址",index = 3)
private String address;
@ExcelProperty(value = "性別",index = 4)
private String sax;
@ExcelProperty(value = "高度",index = 5)
private String heigh;
@ExcelProperty(value = "備注",index = 6)
private String last;
}
@ExcelProperty(value = "姓名",index = 0) value是表頭數(shù)據(jù)并村，默認(rèn)會寫在excel的表頭位置，index代表第幾列滓技。
@Test
public void test1() throws FileNotFoundException {
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("/Users/jipengfei/78.xlsx");
try {
ExcelWriter writer = new ExcelWriter(out, ExcelTypeEnum.XLSX);
//寫第一個sheet, sheet1 數(shù)據(jù)全是List<String> 無模型映射關(guān)系
Sheet sheet1 = new Sheet(1, 0,ExcelPropertyIndexModel.class);
writer.write(getData(), sheet1);
writer.finish();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
out.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
每行數(shù)據(jù)是一個java模型有表頭----表頭層級為多層級
生成Excel格式如下圖：
屏幕快照 2017-06-02 上午9.53.07.png
java模型寫法如下：
public class MultiLineHeadExcelModel extends BaseRowModel {
@ExcelProperty(value = {"表頭1","表頭1","表頭31"},index = 0)
private String p1;
@ExcelProperty(value = {"表頭1","表頭1","表頭32"},index = 1)
private String p2;
@ExcelProperty(value = {"表頭3","表頭3","表頭3"},index = 2)
private int p3;
@ExcelProperty(value = {"表頭4","表頭4","表頭4"},index = 3)
private long p4;
@ExcelProperty(value = {"表頭5","表頭51","表頭52"},index = 4)
private String p5;
@ExcelProperty(value = {"表頭6","表頭61","表頭611"},index = 5)
private String p6;
@ExcelProperty(value = {"表頭6","表頭61","表頭612"},index = 6)
private String p7;
@ExcelProperty(value = {"表頭6","表頭62","表頭621"},index = 7)
private String p8;
@ExcelProperty(value = {"表頭6","表頭62","表頭622"},index = 8)
private String p9;
}
寫Excel寫法同上哩牍，只需將ExcelPropertyIndexModel.class改為MultiLineHeadExcelModel.class
一個Excel多個sheet寫法
@Test
public void test1() throws FileNotFoundException {
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("/Users/jipengfei/77.xlsx");
try {
ExcelWriter writer = new ExcelWriter(out, ExcelTypeEnum.XLSX,false);
//寫第一個sheet, sheet1 數(shù)據(jù)全是List<String> 無模型映射關(guān)系
Sheet sheet1 = new Sheet(1, 0);
sheet1.setSheetName("第一個sheet");
writer.write(getListString(), sheet1);
//寫第二個sheet sheet2 模型上打有表頭的注解，合并單元格
Sheet sheet2 = new Sheet(2, 3, MultiLineHeadExcelModel.class, "第二個sheet", null);
sheet2.setTableStyle(getTableStyle1());
writer.write(getModeldatas(), sheet2);
//寫sheet3 模型上沒有注解令漂，表頭數(shù)據(jù)動態(tài)傳入
List<List<String>> head = new ArrayList<List<String>>();
List<String> headCoulumn1 = new ArrayList<String>();
List<String> headCoulumn2 = new ArrayList<String>();
List<String> headCoulumn3 = new ArrayList<String>();
headCoulumn1.add("第一列");
headCoulumn2.add("第二列");
headCoulumn3.add("第三列");
head.add(headCoulumn1);
head.add(headCoulumn2);
head.add(headCoulumn3);
Sheet sheet3 = new Sheet(3, 1, NoAnnModel.class, "第三個sheet", head);
writer.write(getNoAnnModels(), sheet3);
writer.finish();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
out.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
一個sheet中有多個表格
@Test
public void test2() throws FileNotFoundException {
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("/Users/jipengfei/77.xlsx");
try {
ExcelWriter writer = new ExcelWriter(out, ExcelTypeEnum.XLSX,false);
//寫sheet1 數(shù)據(jù)全是List<String> 無模型映射關(guān)系
Sheet sheet1 = new Sheet(1, 0);
sheet1.setSheetName("第一個sheet");
Table table1 = new Table(1);
writer.write(getListString(), sheet1, table1);
writer.write(getListString(), sheet1, table1);
//寫sheet2 模型上打有表頭的注解
Table table2 = new Table(2);
table2.setTableStyle(getTableStyle1());
table2.setClazz(MultiLineHeadExcelModel.class);
writer.write(getModeldatas(), sheet1, table2);
//寫sheet3 模型上沒有注解膝昆，表頭數(shù)據(jù)動態(tài)傳入,此情況下模型field順序與excel現(xiàn)實順序一致
List<List<String>> head = new ArrayList<List<String>>();
List<String> headCoulumn1 = new ArrayList<String>();
List<String> headCoulumn2 = new ArrayList<String>();
List<String> headCoulumn3 = new ArrayList<String>();
headCoulumn1.add("第一列");
headCoulumn2.add("第二列");
headCoulumn3.add("第三列");
head.add(headCoulumn1);
head.add(headCoulumn2);
head.add(headCoulumn3);
Table table3 = new Table(3);
table3.setHead(head);
table3.setClazz(NoAnnModel.class);
table3.setTableStyle(getTableStyle2());
writer.write(getNoAnnModels(), sheet1, table3);
writer.write(getNoAnnModels(), sheet1, table3);
writer.finish();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
out.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
測試數(shù)據(jù)分析
POI usermodel PK easyexcel(Excel 2003).png
POI usermodel PK easyexcel(Excel 2007).png
POI usermodel PK easyexcel(Excel 2003) (1).png
POI usermodel PK easyexcel(Excel 2007) (1).png
從上面的性能測試可以看出easyexcel在解析耗時上比poiuserModel模式弱了一些。主要原因是我內(nèi)部采用了反射做模型字段映射叠必，中間我也加了cache荚孵，但感覺這點差距可以接受的。但在內(nèi)存消耗上差別就比較明顯了纬朝，easyexcel在后面文件再增大收叶，內(nèi)存消耗幾乎不會增加了。但poi userModel就不一樣了共苛，簡直就要爆掉了判没。想想一個excel解析200M，同時有20個人再用估計一臺機(jī)器就掛了隅茎。
