項(xiàng)目里的數(shù)據(jù)錄入就不記錄了帕涌，直接跳到序列化和視圖函數(shù)的編寫(xiě)

1.序列化

假設(shè)我們有一個(gè)類(lèi)如下噩茄，有若干屬性

from datetime import datetime

class Comment(object):
    def __init__(self, email, content, created=None):
        self.email = email
        self.content = content
        self.created = created or datetime.now()

comment = Comment(email='test@example.com', content='foo bar')

最初步的序列化我們就用drf本身的serializer

from rest_framework import serializers

class CommentSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    email = serializers.EmailField()
    content = serializers.CharField(max_length=200)
    created = serializers.DateTimeField()

這樣下面，我們得出的序列化后的結(jié)果就是

serializer = CommentSerializer(comment)
serializer.data
# {'email': 'test@example.com', 'content': 'foo bar', 'created': '2020-05-10T12:07:10.375877'}

2.APIVIEW視圖

上面的基礎(chǔ)序列化講完了以后，我們來(lái)看和本身模型結(jié)合的事情.
首先在我們goods這個(gè)app下面創(chuàng)建serializer.py

from rest_framework import serializers

class GoodsSerializer(serializers.Serializer):

    name = serializers.CharField(required=True,max_length=100)
    click_num = serializers.IntegerField(default=0)
    goods_front_image = serializers.ImageField(default=0)

需要注意的是绩聘，要將基礎(chǔ)序列化和Model結(jié)合使用沥割，你在serializer里面的字段耗啦，必須要和Model的字段相匹配，不一定要全寫(xiě)上机杜，但是serializer有的字段帜讲，必須Model里面要有，不然會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)

接著看views.py里面如何編寫(xiě)函數(shù)

from .serializer import GoodsSerializer
from django.shortcuts import render
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from .models import Goods
# Create your views here.

class GoodsListView(APIView):
    '''
    List all
    '''

    def get(self,request,format=None):
        goods = Goods.objects.all()[:10]
        goods_serializer = GoodsSerializer(goods,many=True)
        return Response(goods_serializer.data)

接著在urls.py里面設(shè)置路由

urlpatterns = [
    path('xadmin/', xadmin.site.urls),
    path('ueditor/',include('DjangoUeditor.urls')),
    path('api-auth/',include('rest_framework.urls',namespace='rest_framework')),

    #商品列表
    path('goods/',GoodsListView.as_view(),name='goods-list'),]

這樣我們就定義完了 127.0.0.1:8000/goods/這個(gè)鏈接
我們來(lái)看一下訪問(wèn)后的效果

APIVIEW視圖

3.ModelSerializer

上面是用基礎(chǔ)serializer和模型進(jìn)行匹配使用似将，那么是否有更加簡(jiǎn)單些的方法來(lái)使用呢？不用手動(dòng)寫(xiě)這么多fields蚀苛？
那就是ModelSerializer

class GoodsSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:
        model = Goods
        fields = ('name','click_num','market_price','add_time')

這個(gè)用法就是和ModelForm一樣的在验，規(guī)定好fields，寫(xiě)好對(duì)應(yīng)的model
并把Serializer改成ModelSerializer

顯示出對(duì)應(yīng)的4個(gè)fields

如果你將fields設(shè)置為 'all'
那么他就可以把所有的fields都顯示出來(lái)

所有fields都能顯示

不過(guò)可以看到category只顯示了一個(gè)數(shù)字id堵未，因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)外鍵腋舌，那是否可以把這樣的外鍵內(nèi)容也顯示出來(lái)呢？
那就需要再多創(chuàng)建一個(gè)CategorySerializer

class CategorySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:
        model = GoodsCategory
        fields = '__all__'


class GoodsSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    category = CategorySerializer()
    class Meta:
        model = Goods
        fields = '__all__'

這樣渗蟹，就可以把具體的category內(nèi)容顯示出來(lái)了

category具體內(nèi)容顯示