Ⅰ. ? anticipate? 英[?n't?s?pe?t] ? ??美[?n't?s?'pet]
(v)? ? ? anticipate----anticipated----anticipated? (adj)anticipatory 預期的仑乌；提早發(fā)生的；期待著的
1.to expect that something will happen and be ready for it預期，預料
anticipate changes/developments
?The schedule isn’t final, but we don’t anticipate many changes. 日程還沒有最后定下來胀茵，但是我們預料不會有許多變化。
anticipate problems/difficulties
?We don’t anticipate any problems. 我們預料不會有問題搁痛。
anticipate (that)
?This year, we anticipate that our expenses will be 15% greater. 今年渠概，我們預計支出會增加15%。
anticipate doing sth
2. to think about something that is going to happen, especially something pleasant期待〔尤指好事〕
?Daniel was eagerly anticipating her arrival. 丹尼爾熱切地期待著她的到來择示。
3. ?to do something before someone else先于…之前（做）
?Copernicus anticipated in part the discoveries of the 17th and 18th centuries. 17和18世紀的發(fā)現(xiàn)中有一部分早為哥白尼所發(fā)現(xiàn)。
Ⅱ. ? bristle ? ? ?英['br?s(?)l] ? ? ?美['br?sl]
(v) ??bristle----bristled----bristled
1.?to behave in a way that shows you are very angry or annoyed發(fā)怒
bristle with rage/indignation etc
?John pushed back his chair, bristling with rage. 約翰把椅子往后一推晒旅，暴跳起來栅盲。
[+ at]?He bristled at her rudeness. 她的無禮使他火冒三丈。
2.〔動物因驚慌或憤怒而毛發(fā)〕豎起废恋，聳起
bristle with ?sth?充滿谈秫，充斥著
?a battleship bristling with guns 布滿大炮的戰(zhàn)艦
(n)?
?1.[C,U]a short stiff hair that feels rough短而硬的毛發(fā)；胡茬
?His chin was covered with bristles. 他滿下巴都是胡茬鱼鼓。
2.[C]a short stiff hair, wire etc that forms part of a brush〔刷子上的〕鬃毛拟烫，刷子毛
Ⅲ.? ? decay? ? 英[d?'ke?] ? ?美[d?'ke]
(v)? ? decay-----decayed-----decayed
1.（使）腐爛；（使）變壞
2.[I]if buildings, structures, or areas decay, their condition gradually becomes worse〔建筑迄本、結(jié)構(gòu)或地區(qū)〕破敗硕淑，毀壞
?Hundreds of historic buildings are being allowed to decay. 數(shù)百幢歷史建筑被任由破敗。
3.[I]if traditional beliefs, standards etc decay, people do not believe in them or support them any more〔傳統(tǒng)觀念嘉赎、標準等〕失去影響力置媳，衰敗，衰落
?In Orthodox Europe, mass religion seems to have decayed less. 在正教會流行的歐洲地區(qū)公条，集體宗教信仰的影響力似乎衰退得沒那么嚴重拇囊。
語體:在日常英語中,人們談論食物一般說 rot ,而不用 decay
?There was a smell ofrottingvegetables. 有股蔬菜腐爛的味道。
(n.[U?])
1.腐爛靶橱，朽爛
2.the gradual destruction of buildings, structures etc because they have not been cared for〔疏于管理而造成建筑物等的〕破敗寂拆，衰敗
?poverty and urban decay 貧窮和市區(qū)的破敗
fall into (a state of) decay
?During the war, the area fell into decay. 戰(zhàn)爭期間這個地區(qū)衰敗了。
3.the gradual destruction of ideas, beliefs, social or political systems etc〔觀念抓韩、信仰纠永、社會制度、政治制度等的〕衰退谒拴，沒落
?moral decay 道德的敗壞
Ⅳ.? indulge? ? ? 英[?n'd?ld?] ? ??美[?n'd?ld?]
(v)? ? indulge---indulged---indulged
1.[I,T]to let yourself do or have something that you enjoy, especially something that is considered bad for you
(使自己)沉溺(于)尝江，沉湎(于)
[+ in]??Most of us were too busy to indulge in heavy lunchtime drinking. 我們大多數(shù)人都忙得不能在午飯時盡情飲酒。
?Eva had never been one to indulge in self-pity. 伊娃從不是那種沉湎于自憐自哀的人英上。
indulge oneself??恣縱己意縱情享樂放縱自己
?Even if you’re dieting, you can indulge yourself (=eat what you want) once in a while. 即使在節(jié)食炭序，也可以偶爾放縱一下啤覆。
2.[T]to let someone have or do whatever they want, even if it is bad for them放縱，縱容惭聂，遷就
?His mother spoiled him, indulging his every whim. 他母親對他縱容嬌慣坪创，百依百順盛泡。
3.[I]to take part in an activity, especially an illegal one參與畦木，參加〔尤指違法活動〕
[+ in] ???Women do not indulge in crime to the same extent as men. 女性參與犯罪的程度與男性不同
Ⅴ.? motivate? ? ? 英['m??t?ve?t] ? ?美['mot?'vet]
(v)? ? motivate---motivated---motivated
1.to be the reason why someone does something成為…的動機
motivate sb to do sth
?We may never know what motivated him to kill his wife. 我們也許永遠不會知道他謀殺妻子的動機是什么绞绒。
2.motivate sb to do sth? 激發(fā)，激勵耕腾，促動
?The profit-sharing plan is designed to motivate the staff to work hard. 利潤分紅計劃旨在激勵員工努力工作见剩。
Ⅵ.? restrain? ? 英[r?'stre?n] ? ?美[r?'stren]
(v)? restrain---restrained---restrained
1.to stop someone from doing something, often by using physical force〔常指用武力〕阻止，制止扫俺，抑制
restrain sb from doing sth
?I had to restrain her from running out into the street. 我只得阻止她跑到街上去苍苞。
2.to control your own emotions or behaviour克制，控制狼纬，忍住〔情緒或行為〕
restrain oneself (from doing something) 自制羹呵，約束自己
?She could barely restrain herself from hitting him. 她差點就忍不住要去打他。
3.to control or limit something that is increasing too much抑制疗琉，控制〔增長太多的東西〕
?Price rises should restrain consumer spending. 價格上漲會抑制消費支出冈欢。
Ⅶ.? ? retain? ? 英[r?'te?n] ??美[r?'ten]
(v)? ? retain---retained---retained
1.to keep something or continue to have something保留，保有没炒；繼續(xù)擁有
?You have the right to retain possession of the goods. 你有權(quán)保留這些物品涛癌。
2.保存犯戏，儲存
3.to remember information記住
?I find it very difficult to retain facts. 我覺得具體事實很難記住送火。
4.if you retain a lawyer or other specialist, you pay them to work for you now and in the future聘請〔律師、專家〕
?He has retained a lawyer to challenge the court’s decision. 他聘請了一名律師質(zhì)疑法庭的判決先匪。
5.if a company retains workers, it continues to employ them for a long time留用〔員工〕
?It’s increasingly difficult to recruit and retain good staff. 招聘和留
Ⅷ.? ? ? surge? ? 英[s??d?] ? ??美[s?d?]
(v）? surge---surged---surged
1.[always + adv/prep]to suddenly move very quickly in a particular direction迅速涌動种吸，蜂擁向前
[+ forward/through etc]
?The taxi surged forward. 出租車突然往前沖。
?The crowd surged through the gates. 人群蜂擁著通過大門呀非。
2.〔情感〕涌起坚俗，涌現(xiàn)
?She could feel anger surging inside her. 她感到怒火中燒。
3.[usually + adv/prep]if a large amount of a liquid, electricity, chemical etc surges, it moves very quickly and suddenly
〔大量液體〕洶涌岸裙；〔電流〕浪涌猖败；〔化學物等〕突然涌動
?A wave surged up towards them. 一個浪頭向他們涌來。
4.to suddenly increase突然上漲降允，激增 ??Oil prices surged. 油價暴漲恩闻。
(n.[C ]一般用單數(shù)])
1.a sudden large increase in a feeling〔情感的〕突發(fā)；涌現(xiàn)
a surge of sth
?a surge of excitement 一陣興奮
2.a sudden increase in amount or number〔數(shù)量的〕急劇增加剧董，激增
[+ in/of]
?a surge in food costs 食品成本的急劇增加
3.a sudden movement of a lot of people〔人群的〕蜂擁
[+ of] ??a surge of refugees into the country 涌入這個國家的難民潮
Ⅸ.? ? swell? 英[swel] ? ?美[sw?l]
(v)? swell---swelled---swelled / swollen
1.[I]to become larger and rounder than normal – used especially about parts of the body腫幢尚，腫脹〔尤指身體部位〕
?The window frame was swollen shut. 窗框膨脹變形破停，關(guān)得死死的。
2.[I,T]to increase in amount or number〔數(shù)量〕增加尉剩，增多真慢，增大
?The river was swollen with melted snow. 積雪融化，河水上漲理茎。
[+ to] ? ???The crowd swelled to around 10,000. 人群增加到一萬人左右黑界。
swell the ranks/numbers of sth(=increase the number of people in a particular situation)
?Large numbers of refugees have swollen the ranks of the unemployed. 擴大…的隊伍，增加…的人數(shù)
3. ?swell with pride/anger etc揚揚得意/怒氣沖沖等
?His heart swelled with pride as he watched his daughter collect her prize. 他看著女兒領獎功蜓，心中充滿了自豪园爷。
4.形狀（使）鼓起，（使）隆起
5.聲音?增強式撼，變響亮
?Music swelled around us. 音樂聲在我們四周越來越響童社。
(n)
1.[singular,單數(shù)]海面的起伏，浪涌
2.[singular,單數(shù)]增加著隆；增多
[+ of]?a swell of pride 自豪感的增強
3.[singular,單數(shù)]〔尤指音樂〕音量逐漸增強
(adj)
1.very good極好的扰楼，第一流的
?You look swell! 你看上去漂亮極了！
