/*
 * 270. Closest Binary Search Tree Value 
Total Accepted: 13710 Total Submissions: 39124 Difficulty: Easy
Given a non-empty binary search tree and a target value, find the value in the BST that is closest to the target.

Note:
Given target value is a floating point.
You are guaranteed to have only one unique value in the BST that is closest to the target.
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Hide Similar Problems (M) Count Complete Tree Nodes (H) Closest Binary Search Tree Value II

 */
package tree;

public class ClosestValueBST {
 
 public int closestValue(TreeNode root, double target) {
  
  int ret1 = closestValueIter(root, target);  // beat 62.39%
  int ret2 = recursive(root, target);  //beat 62.39%
  
  return ret1 == ret2 ? ret2 : ret1;
 }
 
 public int closestValueIter(TreeNode root, double target) {
  /*  
   * https://leetcode.com/discuss/60089/clean-and-concise-java-solution
   * test case:
  [4, 2, 6, 1, 3, 5, 7]  4.428571  -> 4
        [1, 2], 3.428571 - > 2
        [2, 1], 2147483647.0  -> 2
        [8, 1], 6.0  - 8
        */
        
      int ret = root.val; // 保持起始的root值介汹，和下次的iteration 做比較
      
      while (root != null) {
       if (Math.abs(target - root.val ) < Math.abs( target - ret )) {
        ret = root.val;
       } 
       root = root.val > target ? root.left : root.right;
      }
      return ret;
    }
    
    public int recursive(TreeNode root, double target) {
     // https://leetcode.com/discuss/54438/4-7-lines-recursive-iterative-ruby-c-java-python
        int a = root.val;
        TreeNode kid = target > a ? root.right : root.left;
        if (kid == null)  return a;
        
        int b = recursive(kid, target);
        return Math.abs(a - target)  < Math.abs(b - target) ? a : b;
        
        
//        if (Math.abs( root.val -  target) <= 0.5) {
//            return root.val;
//        } else if ( target - (double) root.val > 0.5) {
//            return helper(root.right, target, root.val);
//        } else  if ((double)root.val - target > 0.5){
//            return helper(root.left, target, root.val);
//        } else {
//         System.out.println("here wrong!");
//         return lastVal;
//        }
    }

 public static void main(String[] args) {
  
  int[][] nums;
  
  ConvertArrayToBST_108 cbst = new ConvertArrayToBST_108();
  ClosestValueBST  cv = new ClosestValueBST();
  
  nums = new int[][] {{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}, {1, 2}, {2, 1} , {8, 1}};
  double[] targets = {4.428571, 3.428571, 2147483647.0 , 6.0};
  for (int i = 0; i < targets.length; i++) {
   double target = targets[i];
   TreeNode root = cbst.sortedArrayToBST(nums[i]);
   System.out.println(cv.closestValue(root,  target));
  }
  
 }

}