centos安裝python3.7時遇到如下問題,查閱知需要的openssl版本最低為1.0.2,但是centos 默認的為1.0.1,所以需要重新更新openssl
import _ssl # if we can't import it, let the error propagate
ImportError: No module named _ssl
1、安裝依賴庫:
yum install -y zlib zlib-dev openssl-devel sqlite-devel bzip2-devel libffi libffi-devel gcc gcc-c++
2肠牲、安裝最新版本的openssl
注意!openssl配置是用config靴跛,而不是configure缀雳,另外openssl編譯安裝依賴zlib動態(tài)庫,所以一定要shared zlib
自行到官網(wǎng)查閱最新版本~
wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.1.tar.gz
tar -zxvf openssl-1.1.1.tar.gz
cd openssl-1.1.1
./config --prefix=$HOME/openssl shared zlib
make && make install
3梢睛、設置環(huán)境變量LD_LIBRARY_PATH
echo "export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$HOME/openssl/lib" >> $HOME/.bash_profile
source $HOME/.bash_profile
這一步一定要有7视 !LD_LIBRARY_PATH環(huán)境變量主要用于指定查找共享庫(動態(tài)鏈接庫)時除了默認路徑之外的其他路徑绝葡。當執(zhí)行函數(shù)動態(tài)鏈接.so時深碱,如果此文件不在缺省目錄下‘/lib' and ‘/usr/lib',那么就需要指定環(huán)境變量LD_LIBRARY_PATH
4藏畅、解壓python3.7敷硅,并安裝,一定要指定剛才安裝的1.1.1版本的openssl!=时摹力奋!
tar -zxvf Python-3.7.0.tgz
./configure --prefix=$HOME/Py37 --with-openssl=$HOME/openssl
make && make install
echo $HOME
5、至此python3.7就安裝完了幽七,來檢驗下ssl模塊能否被導入吧:
[root@izbp12am8wqrn7t6wzgmydz Python-3.7.0]# echo $HOME
/root
[root@izbp12am8wqrn7t6wzgmydz Python-3.7.0]# cd /root/Py37/
[root@izbp12am8wqrn7t6wzgmydz bin]# ./python3
Python 3.7.0 (default, Sep 16 2018, 14:12:43)
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-23)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import ssl
>>> import _ssl
>>>
6.更新python軟鏈接
你要知道系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)在的python的位置在哪兒
[root@izbp12am8wqrn7t6wzgmydz bin]# whereis python
python: /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python.bak /usr/lib/python2.7 /usr/lib64/python2.7 /etc/python /usr/include/python2.7 /usr/local/python /usr/share/man/man1/python.1.gz
[root@root ~]# cd /usr/bin/
[root@root bin]# ll python*
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 2月 7 09:30 python -> python2
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 2月 7 09:30 python2 -> python2.7
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7136 8月 4 2017 python2.7
可以看到景殷,python指向的是python2,python2指向的是python2.7澡屡,因此我們可以裝個python3猿挚,然后將python指向python3,然后python2指向python2.7挪蹭,那么兩個版本的python就能共存了亭饵。
7.添加軟鏈接
將原來的鏈接備份
mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python.bak
添加python3的軟鏈接
ln -s /root/Py37/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python
測試是否安裝成功了
python -V