? ? 【白鯨】是19世紀(jì)美國(guó)小說(shuō)家Herman Melville在1851年發(fā)表的一篇關(guān)于海洋題材的長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)着逐，小說(shuō)描寫(xiě)了亞哈船長(zhǎng)為了追逐并殺死白鯨Moby Dick鹤啡，最后和白鯨同歸盡的故事秩霍。
? ? 我第一次讀這本小說(shuō)是在小學(xué)，那時(shí)候我想這個(gè)船長(zhǎng)真勇敢耿戚。后來(lái)我又覺(jué)的這個(gè)人怎么這么傻恼蓬，一般人都會(huì)因?yàn)槭軅a(chǎn)生對(duì)自然的敬畏亡脑，但是亞哈卻孜孜不倦堕澄，一定要去報(bào)復(fù)那只抹香鯨，乃至失去了理性霉咨。
? 再后來(lái)接觸了文學(xué)蛙紫，深入的了解當(dāng)時(shí)的美國(guó)背景后發(fā)現(xiàn)亞哈和莫比·迪克的形象是有象征意義的。亞哈船長(zhǎng)身材高大躯护，臉上有疤痕惊来，他的一條假腿是由鯨魚(yú)骨頭制作而成，一個(gè)具有悲劇性的人物棺滞，從出現(xiàn)就顯得神秘莫測(cè)裁蚁。也正是這個(gè)形象，顯現(xiàn)出當(dāng)時(shí)美國(guó)民族正處于一個(gè)上升時(shí)期继准，有著朝氣蓬勃的奮斗冒險(xiǎn)和戰(zhàn)勝一切困難的大無(wú)畏精神枉证。亞哈正是根植于美國(guó)民族精神土壤的勇士。
白鯨莫比·迪克移必，可被看作大自然無(wú)常力量的象征室谚，它不像其它鯨按照季節(jié)和自身規(guī)則出沒(méi)在某個(gè)水域，白鯨違反了鯨類(lèi)的一般規(guī)律崔泵，它是沒(méi)有線索的秒赤，是未知的。所以白鯨的存在憎瘸，無(wú)時(shí)無(wú)刻都在給捕殺它的人們帶來(lái)宿命般的恐懼與哀傷入篮。
亞哈為了替自己報(bào)仇，把其他船東的利益放在腦后幌甘，并且無(wú)視船員的生死而一意孤行潮售。他甚至為了達(dá)到自己的利益，對(duì)船員進(jìn)行了威逼利誘锅风，導(dǎo)致了最后船毀人亡悲劇的發(fā)生酥诽。在這里，亞哈船長(zhǎng)比白鯨要更為殘忍皱埠、更為邪惡肮帐，他成為黑暗與邪惡的象征，而他的所作所為边器，缺乏道德作為底線泪姨，缺乏理性的思想作為基礎(chǔ)，只隨意任由本能去驅(qū)使行動(dòng)的付出饰抒，最終肮砾，釀成了悲劇的發(fā)生。
最后的結(jié)局不禁讓我們聯(lián)想起人和自然的關(guān)系袋坑，人和自然誰(shuí)也征服不了誰(shuí)仗处，只有相互依靠，互相補(bǔ)充才會(huì)有一線生機(jī)枣宫∑攀模“征服和占有”永遠(yuǎn)不應(yīng)是時(shí)代的主題，和平共處是真諦也颤。
It is a Shakespearean tragedy of man fighting against overwhelming odds in an indifferent and even hostile universe. Ishmael is the narrator of the novel. The captain, Ahab is a monomaniac man whose single purpose is to revenge the fierce, cunning white whale Moby Dick.
Character:
Ahab is s tragic hero, hoping to transcend the human limitations by sheer defiance
against God. He has dauntless courage to challenge God or Nature. However, his mad pursuit finally leads to frustration while his pride in the search is inherently self-destructive.
Themes:
① Alienation, which exists in different levels between man and man, man and society, and man and nature. Captain Ahab is a typical “isolato". In his egocentric obsession he lost his sanity and humanity and becomes a devilish creature rushing headlong towards his doom. Besides, most of the individuals on the Pequod suffer from alienation of varying levels.
② Rejection and quest: Ishmael resembles his namesake in the Bible in that he is a wanderer. Rejecting his early lifestyle, he tries to seek for a happy and ideal life. Up to the time he goes on board the Pequod and midway through the book, he is an escapist. However, he comes to see the folly of Ahab seeking to conquer nature, and begins to feel the significance of love and fraternity among mortal beings. Voyaging for Ishmael has become a journey in quest of knowledge and values.
Melville lost no opportunity in his criticism against Emersonian self-reliant individual: Ahab is too much of a self-reliant individual to be a good human being. He stands alone on his own one leg among the millions of the peopled earth. For him the only law is his own will. His selfhood must be asserted at the expense of all else. Moby Dick thus reveals the pattern of 19th century American life: loneliness and suicidal individualism in a self-styled?
