The U.S. is still out in front of global rivals when it comes to innovation, but American universities—where new ideas often percolate—have reason to look over their shoulder.
論技術創(chuàng)新懊纳，美國仍然在全球遙遙領先。然而亡容，美國的大學院校嗤疯，作為傳播創(chuàng)新思想的重要媒介，如今卻有必要感到警惕闺兢。
That's especially true for technologies like 5G phone networks and artificial intelligence. They're exactly the fields where President Donald Trump recently insisted the U.S. has to lead—and also the ones where Asia, especially China, has caught up.
尤其在 5G 電話網(wǎng)絡和人工智能等科技領域茂缚，壓力更是不小。美國總統(tǒng)特朗普近來強調(diào)屋谭，在這兩個領域脚囊，美國必須始終保持領先姿態(tài)。然而桐磁，也正是在這兩個領域悔耘，亞洲各國，尤其是中國我擂，已經(jīng)迎頭趕上衬以。
Universities from China get more patents than their U.S. peers in wireless communications, according to research firm GreyB Services. In AI, 17 of the top 20 universities and public research organizations are in China, with the Chinese Academy of Sciences topping the list, says the World Intellectual Property Organization in Geneva.
科研服務公司 GreyB Services 的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在無線通訊領域校摩，中國大學院校獲得的專利數(shù)量已超過了美國大學看峻。同時，總部位于日內(nèi)瓦的世界知識產(chǎn)權組織表示衙吩，在 AI 領域备籽，申請專利最多的 20 所大學院校和公共研究機構中，有 17 所設在中國分井，其中车猬，中國科學院位居榜首。
There's a special place for universities in the ecosystem of research. Universities groom future scientists and can be incubators for pie-in-the-sky ideas—some of which turn out to be game-changers. The list ranges from Google's search engine to DNA technology that's behind a whole industry of gene-manipulating treatments.
大學在科研生態(tài)系統(tǒng)占據(jù)了特殊地位尺锚。大學培養(yǎng)未來的科學家珠闰，也是很多“異想天開”想法的孵化器——其中一些想法最終改變了行業(yè)的格局，包括谷歌的搜索引擎和 DNA 技術瘫辩，后者促成了基因編輯治療這一整個行業(yè)的誕生伏嗜。
However, government grants to universities have been stagnant for more than a decade, meaning they've declined in real terms and as a share of the economy.
然而坛悉，政府給大學的撥款金額已經(jīng)十多年不見增加，這就意味著承绸，在通貨膨脹下裸影，實際撥款在減少，在經(jīng)濟中的占比也有所下降军熏。
"If you look at the federal dollars, they've not really changed substantially,'' says Stephen Susalka, head of AUTM, a technology transfer association whose members include 800 universities. "Other countries are catching up. We can't sit on our laurels.''
美國大學技術經(jīng)理人協(xié)會（AUTM）是一家負責技術轉移的組織轩猩，其成員包括 800 所大學。協(xié)會負責人斯蒂芬·蘇薩爾卡表示荡澎，“看看聯(lián)邦政府的撥款均践，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)基本上沒有太大變化。其他國家正在迎頭趕上摩幔，我們不能安于現(xiàn)狀彤委。”
