3.1 關(guān)閉防火墻
關(guān)閉防火墻
rac1 # systemctl stop SuSEfirewall2.service
取消開機(jī)啟動防火墻
rac1 # systemctl disable SuSEfirewall2.service
3.2 配置NTP
Network Time Protocol Setting
● You have two options for time synchronization: an operating system configured network time protocol (NTP), or Oracle Cluster Time Synchronization Service.
● Oracle Cluster Time Synchronization Service is designed for organizations whose cluster servers are unable to access NTP services.
● If you use NTP, then the Oracle Cluster Time Synchronization daemon (ctssd) starts up in observer mode. If you do not have NTP daemons, then ctssd starts up in active mode and synchronizes time among cluster members without contacting an external time server..
可以采用操作系統(tǒng)的NTP服務(wù)沈自，也可以使用Oracle自帶的服務(wù)ctss掏缎，如果ntp沒有啟用，Oracle會自動啟用自己的ctssd進(jìn)程。
從oracle 11gR2 RAC開始使用Cluster Time Synchronization Service(CTSS)同步各節(jié)點(diǎn)的時間,當(dāng)安裝程序發(fā)現(xiàn)NTP協(xié)議處于非活動狀態(tài)時同眯，安裝集群時間同步服務(wù)將以活動模式自動進(jìn)行安裝并通過所有節(jié)點(diǎn)的時間。如果發(fā)現(xiàn)配置了 NTP，則以觀察者模式啟動集群時間同步服務(wù)，Oracle Clusterware 不會在集群中進(jìn)行活動的時間同步击胜。
#我這里選擇關(guān)閉ntp服務(wù)
rac1:~ # /sbin/service ntpd stop
rac1:~ # mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.bak
rac1:~ # chkconfig ntpd off
rac1:~ # service ntpd status
● ntpd.service - NTP Server Daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/ntpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Drop-In: /run/systemd/generator/ntpd.service.d
└─50-insserv.conf-$time.conf
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: man:ntpd(1)
Aug 11 10:58:22 rac1 systemd[1]: Stopped NTP Server Daemon.
3.3 配置內(nèi)核參數(shù)
1、修改/etc/sysctl.conf文件
[root@rac1 ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
# RAC
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2147483648
kernel.shmmax = 68719476736
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
2役纹、修改limits文件
[root@rac1 ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
（在文件中添加以下內(nèi)容）
# RAC
grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
3偶摔、修改/etc/pam.d/login文件
（在文件中添加以下內(nèi)容）
# RAC
session required pam_limits.so
4、修改/etc/profile文件
（在文件中添加以下內(nèi)容）
# RAC
if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
umask 022
fi
3.4 添加組與用戶
[root@rac1 ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 501 oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 502 dba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 503 oper
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 504 asmadmin
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 505 asmoper
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 506 asmdba
/usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper -d /home/oracle -m oracle
/usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,oper,dba -d /home/grid -m grid
（為oracle和grid用戶設(shè)置登錄密碼）
[root@rac1 ~]# passwd oracle
[root@rac1 ~]# passwd grid
（檢查：）
[root@rac1 ~]# id oracle
uid=500(oracle) gid=501(oinstall) groups=501(oinstall),502(dba),503(oper),506(asmdba)
[root@rac1 ~]# id grid
uid=501(grid) gid=501(oinstall) groups=501(oinstall),502(dba),504(asmadmin),505(asmoper), 506(asmdba)
3.5 創(chuàng)建安裝目錄
rac1:~ #mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/12.1.0/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/12.1.0
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01
mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oraInventory
3.6 安裝依賴包
將rpm.tar.gz上傳到 /home/db 中
切換至root用戶
解壓文件
rac1:~ # cd /home/db/
#解壓文件
rac1:/home/db # tar -zxvf rpm.tar.gz
rpm/
rpm/bc-1.06.95-6.56.x86_64.rpm
rpm/binutils-2.32-9.36.1.x86_64.rpm
#.....中間省略...
rpm/unzip-6.00-33.8.1.x86_64.rpm
rpm/xz-5.0.5-6.3.1.x86_64.rpm
rac1:/home/db # ls -l
total 3418064
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3453696911 Aug 3 17:43 linuxx64_12201_database.zip
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 4096 Aug 2 15:58 rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 46390412 Aug 3 17:41 rpm.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 17 Aug 3 17:41 stage
rac1:/home/db # cd rpm/
安裝rpm包
#安裝rpm包
rac1:/home/db/rpm # rpm -ivh *.rpm --force --nodeps
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:glibc-2.22-100.15.4 ################################# [ 1%]
2:libgcc_s1-8.2.1+r264010-1.3.3 ################################# [ 3%]
3:libstdc++6-8.2.1+r264010-1.3.3 ################################# [ 4%]
#.....中間省略...
69:libX11-6-32bit-1.6.2-12.5.1 ################################# [ 99%]
70:gcc-info-4.8-6.189 ################################# [100%]
rac1:/home/db/rpm #
3.7 配置grid和oracle用戶的環(huán)境變量文件
修改gird促脉、oracle用戶的.bash_profile文件辰斋，以oracle賬號登陸，編輯.bash_profile
或者在root直接編輯：
vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile
vi /home/grid/.bash_profile
以下腳本直接在root下執(zhí)行
echo "umask 022
export ORACLE_SID=rac1
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=\$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT=\"YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS\"
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=\$TMP
export PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:\$PATH
export EDITOR=vi
export TNS_ADMIN=\$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export ORACLE_PATH=.:ORACLE_BASE/dbascripts/sql:ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
export SQLPATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin
#export NLS_LANG=\"SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK\" --AL32UTF8 SELECT userenv('LANGUAGE') db_NLS_LANG FROM DUAL;
export NLS_LANG=\"AMERICAN_CHINA.ZHS16GBK\"
" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
grid用戶環(huán)境變量配置
echo "umask 022
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/12.1.0/grid
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT=\"YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS\"
export PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\$PATH
" >> /home/grid/.bash_profile
注意：另外一臺數(shù)據(jù)庫實(shí)例名須做相應(yīng)修改瘸味。Oracle：export ORACLE_SID=rac2宫仗；grid：export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2
3.8 配置root用戶的環(huán)境變量
rac1 ~# echo "#oracle environment config begin
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/12.1.0/grid
export PATH=\$PATH:\$ORACLE_HOME/bin
#oracle environment config end" >> /etc/profile
