原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/endv/p/9027432.html
在Windows系統(tǒng)中，我們可以使用TreeSize工具查找一些大文件或文件夾凰萨，非常的方便高效十艾，在Linux系統(tǒng)中野瘦，如何去搜索一些比較大的文件呢句喜？下面我整理了一下在Linux系統(tǒng)中如何查找大文件或文件夾的方法。
1： 如何查找大文件贯被？
其實(shí)很多時(shí)候眼五，你需要了解當(dāng)前系統(tǒng)下有哪些大文件，比如文件大小超過(guò)100M或1G（閥值視具體情況而定）彤灶。那么如何把這些大文件搜索出來(lái)呢苛让？例如我要搜索當(dāng)前目錄下啼肩，超過(guò)800M大小的文件
[root@getlnx01 u03]# pwd
/u03
[root@getlnx01 u03]# find . -type f -size +800M
./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873519197_s46815_s1
./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873523646_s46822_s1
./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873521714_s46818_s1
./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873522876_s46820_s1
./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873517396_s46813_s1
./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873523321_s46821_s1
./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873515765_s46811_s1
./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873520789_s46817_s1
./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873524162_s46823_s1
./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873518302_s46814_s1
./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873519953_s46816_s1
./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873516500_s46812_s1
./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873513413_s46809_s1
./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873514789_s46810_s1
./oradata/epps/invsubmat_d08.dbf
./oradata/epps/gmtinv_d08.dbf
./oradata/epps/gmtinv_x01.dbf
./oradata/epps/undotbs02.dbf
./oradata/epps/gmtinv_d07.dbf
./oradata/epps/undotbs01.dbf
./oradata/epps/gmtinv_x02.dbf
如上命令所示，我們僅僅能看到超過(guò)800M大小的文件的文件名稱(chēng)，但是對(duì)文件的信息（例如劳淆，文件大小力九、文件屬性）一無(wú)所知卦睹，那么能否更詳細(xì)顯示一些文件屬性或信息呢金句，當(dāng)然可以，如下所示
[root@getlnx01 u03]# find . -type f -size +800M -print0 | xargs -0 ls -l
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 2782846976 Mar 6 11:51 ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873513413_s46809_s1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1878433792 Mar 6 11:53 ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873514789_s46810_s1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1378492416 Mar 6 11:54 ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873515765_s46811_s1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1641381888 Mar 6 11:56 ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873516500_s46812_s1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1564065792 Mar 6 11:58 ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873517396_s46813_s1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1663492096 Mar 6 12:00 ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873518302_s46814_s1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1368244224 Mar 6 12:02 ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873519197_s46815_s1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1629069312 Mar 6 12:04 ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873519953_s46816_s1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1629954048 Mar 6 12:06 ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873520789_s46817_s1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1202192384 Mar 6 12:07 ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873521714_s46818_s1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1189388288 Mar 6 12:10 ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873522876_s46820_s1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1089257472 Mar 6 12:11 ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873523321_s46821_s1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1097687040 Mar 6 12:12 ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873523646_s46822_s1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1051009024 Mar 6 12:13 ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873524162_s46823_s1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 4294975488 Apr 3 15:07 ./oradata/epps/gmtinv_d07.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 4194312192 Apr 1 22:36 ./oradata/epps/gmtinv_d08.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 4294975488 Apr 3 15:54 ./oradata/epps/gmtinv_x01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 4294975488 Apr 3 15:57 ./oradata/epps/gmtinv_x02.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 4294975488 Apr 1 22:35 ./oradata/epps/invsubmat_d08.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 8589942784 Apr 4 09:55 ./oradata/epps/undotbs01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 8589942784 Apr 4 09:15 ./oradata/epps/undotbs02.dbf
當(dāng)我們只需要查找超過(guò)800M大小文件搬卒，并顯示查找出來(lái)文件的具體大小瑟俭，可以使用下面命令
[root@getlnx01 u03]# find . -type f -size +800M -print0 | xargs -0 du -h
1.3G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873519197_s46815_s1
1.1G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873523646_s46822_s1
1.2G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873521714_s46818_s1
1.2G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873522876_s46820_s1
1.5G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873517396_s46813_s1
1.1G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873523321_s46821_s1
1.3G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873515765_s46811_s1
1.6G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873520789_s46817_s1
1004M ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873524162_s46823_s1
1.6G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873518302_s46814_s1
1.6G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873519953_s46816_s1
1.6G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873516500_s46812_s1
2.6G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873513413_s46809_s1
1.8G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873514789_s46810_s1
4.1G ./oradata/epps/invsubmat_d08.dbf
4.0G ./oradata/epps/gmtinv_d08.dbf
4.1G ./oradata/epps/gmtinv_x01.dbf
8.1G ./oradata/epps/undotbs02.dbf
4.1G ./oradata/epps/gmtinv_d07.dbf
8.1G ./oradata/epps/undotbs01.dbf
4.1G ./oradata/epps/gmtinv_x02.dbf
如果你還需要對(duì)查找結(jié)果按照文件大小做一個(gè)排序，那么可以使用下面命令
[root@getlnx01 u03]# find . -type f -size +800M -print0 | xargs -0 du -h | sort -nr
1004M ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873524162_s46823_s1
8.1G ./oradata/epps/undotbs02.dbf
8.1G ./oradata/epps/undotbs01.dbf
4.1G ./oradata/epps/invsubmat_d08.dbf
4.1G ./oradata/epps/gmtinv_x02.dbf
4.1G ./oradata/epps/gmtinv_x01.dbf
4.1G ./oradata/epps/gmtinv_d07.dbf
4.0G ./oradata/epps/gmtinv_d08.dbf
2.6G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873513413_s46809_s1
1.8G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873514789_s46810_s1
1.6G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873520789_s46817_s1
1.6G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873519953_s46816_s1
1.6G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873518302_s46814_s1
1.6G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873516500_s46812_s1
1.5G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873517396_s46813_s1
1.3G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873519197_s46815_s1
1.3G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873515765_s46811_s1
1.2G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873522876_s46820_s1
1.2G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873521714_s46818_s1
1.1G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873523646_s46822_s1
1.1G ./flash_recovery_area/backup/backupsets/ora_df873523321_s46821_s1
不過(guò)如上截圖所示契邀，有時(shí)候排列的順序并不完全是按大小一致摆寄，這個(gè)是因?yàn)閐u命令的參數(shù)h所致，你可以統(tǒng)一使用使用MB來(lái)顯示，這樣就能解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題微饥。到這里逗扒，這個(gè)在Linux系統(tǒng)查找大文件的命令已經(jīng)非常完美了，當(dāng)然如果你還有很多的需求欠橘，那么可以在這個(gè)命令上做修改矩肩、調(diào)整.
2: 如何查找Linux下的大目錄
譬如有時(shí)候磁盤(pán)空間告警了，而你平時(shí)又疏于管理肃续、監(jiān)控文件的增長(zhǎng)黍檩，那么我需要快速的了解哪些目錄變得比較大，那么此時(shí)我們可以借助du命令來(lái)幫我們解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題始锚。
[root@getlnx01 u03]# du -h --max-depth=1
16K ./lost+found
33G ./flash_recovery_area
37G ./oradata
70G .
如果你想知道flash_recovery_area目錄下面有哪些大文件夾刽酱，那么可以將參數(shù)max-depth=2 ，如果你想對(duì)搜索出來(lái)的結(jié)果進(jìn)行排序瞧捌，那么可以借助于sort命令棵里。如下所示
[root@getlnx01 u03]# du -h --max-depth=2 | sort -n
3.5G ./flash_recovery_area/EPPS
16K ./lost+found
29G ./flash_recovery_area/backup
33G ./flash_recovery_area
37G ./oradata
37G ./oradata/epps
70G .
[root@getlnx01 u03]# du -hm --max-depth=2 | sort -n
1 ./lost+found
3527 ./flash_recovery_area/EPPS
29544 ./flash_recovery_area/backup
33070 ./flash_recovery_area
37705 ./oradata
37705 ./oradata/epps
70775 .
[root@getlnx01 u03]# cd /
[root@getlnx01 /]# du -hm --max-depth=2 | sort -n
有時(shí)候搜索出來(lái)的結(jié)果太多了（譬如，我從根目錄開(kāi)始搜索）察郁，一直在刷屏衍慎，如果我只想查出最大的12個(gè)文件夾，怎么辦呢皮钠？此時(shí)就要借助head命令來(lái)顯示了
[root@getlnx01 /]# du -hm --max-depth=2 | sort -nr | head -12
407480 .
167880 ./u04
158685 ./u02/oradata
158685 ./u02
152118 ./u04/oradata
70775 ./u03
37705 ./u03/oradata
33070 ./u03/flash_recovery_area
5995 ./u01/app
5995 ./u01
3551 ./usr
1558 ./usr/share
[root@getlnx01 /]#
