發(fā)送get請求

# coding:utf-8
import requests 

url = "https://www.baidu.com" 

#定制請求頭
headers = {
    "user-agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36"
}

#使用params關(guān)鍵字傳遞參數(shù)
params = {"key": "value"}
#使用params關(guān)鍵字傳遞多個(gè)參數(shù)
#params = {"key": ["value1","value2"]}

#發(fā)送get請求
r = requests.get(url=url,params=params,headers=headers)

#python用requests發(fā)送https的請求時(shí)睁冬，有安全驗(yàn)證，將驗(yàn)證設(shè)置為verify=False 即可
#r = requests.get(url=url,params=params,headers=headers,verify=False)

#打印響應(yīng)狀態(tài)碼 
print(r.status_code) 
#打印響應(yīng)頭
print(r.headers) 
#字符串方式的響應(yīng)體看疙，會自動(dòng)根據(jù)響應(yīng)頭部的字符編碼進(jìn)行解碼 
print(r.text)
#打印json響應(yīng)內(nèi)容
print(r.json)
#字節(jié)方式的響應(yīng)體施禾，會自動(dòng)為你解碼 gzip 和 deflate 壓縮 
print(r.content) 
#以字典對象存儲服務(wù)器響應(yīng)頭，但是這個(gè)字典比較特殊搁胆，字典鍵不區(qū)分大小寫弥搞，若鍵不存在則返回None 
print(r.headers) 
# 獲取url 
print(r.url)
#編碼格式 
print(r.encoding) 
#獲取cookie 
print(r.cookies) 

發(fā)送post請求

# coding:utf-8
import requests

url = "https://www.baidu.com" 

data = {"key": "value"}

#定制請求頭
headers = {
    "user-agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36"
}

#發(fā)送post請求
r = requests.post(url=url,data=data,headers=headers)

上傳文件

# coding:utf-8
import requests

url = "https://www.baidu.com" 

files = {"file":open("上傳文件.xls","rb")}

#定制請求頭
headers = {
    "user-agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36"
}

#上傳文件
r = requests.post(url=url,files=files,headers=headers)

攜帶cookie發(fā)送請求

# coding:utf-8
import requests

url = "https://www.baidu.com" 

data = {"key": "value"}

#定制請求頭
headers = {
    "cookie": "DJ_RF=empty; DJ_EU=http%3A%2F%2Fso.dajie.com%2Fjob%2Fsearch%3Fkeyword%3Dpython%26jobsearch%3D8; DJ_UVID=MTQ5MjU2OTgxOTU1ODg0Mzk1; __login_tips=1; dj_cap=1e41c3c0ca9602c45e6481cb53c19774; SO_COOKIE_V2=6a297gxq5vDDnl9D4q04fhTgrWB11xG9lMj7iLcnP1uM/Zuzzx1dkeHauV4blsO1KsRYQKEQDrDGdiAhRE9efdI8PnREZK1MhzR4",
    "user-agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36"
}

#發(fā)送post請求
r = requests.post(url=url,data=data,headers=headers)

使用session發(fā)送請求

# coding:utf-8
import requests

#創(chuàng)建會話
s = requests.session()

url = "https://www.baidu.com" 

data = {"key": "value"}

#定制請求頭
headers = {
    "user-agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36"
}

#發(fā)送post請求
r = s.post(url=url,data=data,headers=headers)